• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.260-263
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• 2007

The importance of natural light in building is known by all of us who experienced dark rooms. The sunlight system is very important from energy saving and human welfare point of view. The system consists of light-collecting module, light -transporting module and light-emitting module. The light-collection is used light reflection mirror, a prism for lighting bent, and lens for light condensing. The transportation of collected sunlight is used polished duct, tube, pipe and specially used fiber optic cable. This paper investigate research and development trends of sunlight system for advanced product.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.157-164
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• 1999

To determine molecular mechanisms of Aquaporin-CD (AQP2) gene regulation, the promoter region of the AQP2 gene was examined by transiently transfecting a promoter-luciferase reporter fusion gene into mouse renal collecting duct cell lines such as mIMCD-3, mIMCD-K2, and M-1 cells, and NIH3T3 mouse embryo fibroblast cells. PCR-Southern analysis reveals that mIMCD-3 and mIMCD-K2 cells express AQP2, but M-1 and NIH3T3 cells do not, and that the treatment with cpt-cAMP $(400\;{\mu}M)$) or forskolin/isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX) increased the AQP2 expression in IMCD cells. In both IMCD and NIH3T3 cells, the constructs containing the promoter of AQP2 gene showed promoter activities, indicating lack of tissue-specific element in the 1.4 kb 5'-flanking region of the mouse AQP2 gene. Luciferase activity in the IMCD cells transfected with the construct containing 5-flanking region showed responsiveness to cpt-cAMP, indicating that the 1.4 kb 5'-flanking region contains the element necessary for the regulatory mechanism by cAMP. The promoter-luciferase constructs which do not have a cAMP-responsible element (CRE) still showed the cAMP responsiveness in IMCD cells, but not in NIH3T3 cells. Increase in medium osmolarity did not affect AQP2 promoter activity in mIMCD-K2 cells. These results demonstrate that AQP2 gene transcription is increased with cAMP treatment through multiple motifs including CRE in the 5'-flanking region of the gene in vitro, and the regulatory mechanism may be important for in vivo regulation of AQP2 expression.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.263-270
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• 2016

This study is aimed to design the mechanical gascyclone precipitator with an outstanding collection efficiency as one of ways to reduce exhaust gas of small-scale vessels. It estimated fine particles generated from diesel engines which has become one of the biggest environmental issues currently. Specifically, it quantitatively analyzed the flowing process from the cyclone gas exit; a duct via part to the collecting part of Cylindrical lower using DPIV (Digital Particle Image Velocimetry). Since the gas inlet height part became wider the previous theoretical dimensions, internal fluid characteristics of cyclone where the speed of internal swirl had been slow were investigated by temporary streamline of fine particles at $14-20{\mu}m$. The results showed that collecting efficiency was three times higher than the conical type utilized previously. In addition, this study supplemented imprecision problems from the previous theoretical equation and CFD interpretation with an experimental method. It also provided a basic data to design the cyclone precipitator by size of diesel engines for vessels.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1-6
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• 2009

An Overtopping Wave Energy Convertor (OWEC) is an offshore wave energy convertor used for collecting overtopping waves and converting the water pressure head into electric power through hydro turbines installed in a vertical duct affixed to the sea bed. A numerical wave tank based on the commercial computational fluid dynamics code Fluent is established for the corresponding analysis. The Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equation and two-phase VOF model are utilized to generate the 2D numerical linear propagating waves, which are validated by the overtopping experiment results. Calculations are made for several incident wave conditions and shape parameters for the overtopping device. Both the incident wave periods and heights have evident effects on the overtopping performance of the OWEC device. The computational analysis demonstrates that the present overtopping device is more compatible with longer incident wave periods.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.401-408
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• 1997

Adult male ICR mice were exposed to methylmercuric chloride (CH$_3$HgCI) through drinking water for 80 days. The distribution of mercury in the kidney, liver, spleen and cerebellum of the mouse was examined according to a autometallographic silver-enhancement technique based on a physical development process which renders mercury deposit visible. Grains of mercury traces were located in the proximal convoluted tubules. Lesser staining of the grains was seen in the collecting tubules of medulla. The glomerular basement membrane was void. In the liver, mercury accumulations were present primarily in the hepatocytes around portal area containing interlobular bile duct, artery and portal vein. Also grains of mercury traces were accumulated in the white pulp of the spleen and Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Pathology Conference
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• 2000.09a
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• pp.22-22
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• 2000

A case of renal candidiasis is reported in a 4-year-old male Masked Palm civet (Paguma larvata). On necropsy, the kidneys were bilaterally swollen, pale and had numerous 1 to 3 mm diameter white foci throughout the parenchyma on cut section. The urinary bladder was filled with opaque and milky exudate. Histologically, severe infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages and necrosis were noted in the interstitial areas of both cortex and medulla and in the lumens of renal tubules and collecting duct often resulting in cystic dilation of the tubules. (omitted)

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.291-301
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• 2017

Objectives: In order to improve the working environment and solve the complaints, many efforts have been made to remove the odor from the industrial process. There are many disposal methods to remove odor, but there are many disadvantages and inadequate applications. The Purpose of this study was to develop a bag-filer system for odor removal using powder adsorbent. Methods: The bag-filter system is composed of a shear bag filter, an absorbent spraying system and an absorbent circulation system. The spraying absorbent system was connected with the inlet duct of the shear bag filter for inputting adsorbent. And the absorbent circulation system can transport the collecting adsorbent from hoper to the inlet duct of the system. As a result, the adsorbent can remove odor with recycling in the system. Also affective factors like the powdered absorbent combination and injection method was researched for maximization of system efficiency. The study was conducted in two stages. The first step was testing equipment made and the second is to evaluate the efficiency of the odor control by connecting to the actual odor generation process. Results: Both experiment stages showed efficient odor control ability. The adsorption efficiency of the system is demonstrated and the odor was adsorbed well by the powder adsorbent. It is essential to accurately understand the characteristics of the odorous and use the appropriate adsorbent. Although the powder adsorbent was used in the experiment, the problem of scattering did not occur due to the high degree of system sealing. Also the system manufactured in this study was designed to recycle the adsorbent, so adsorbent reuse or batch processing is convenient. Conclusions: The applicability of the system has been proven through this research. Customized systems for industrial process and the appropriate adsorbent base on the characteristics of pollutant generation will show efficient odor collection ability.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 2012

Purpose: Medullary sponge kidney (MSK) is a rare congenital disease characterized by diffuse ectasia or dilatation of precalyceal collecting tubules. MSK incidence and prevalence in the general population is uncertain and only a few patients are reported especially in the pediatric age. There has been increasing reports of patients with MSK who have other malformative disorders. Also several case reports concerning about etiological association of some genes. Methods: Collaborative study through nation-wide survey was done to investigate the incidence and etiological association of some genes such as GDNF gene, ATP6V1B1, ATP6V0A4 gene in developing MSK in Korean children. Results: Four cases of MSK who have various other malformative disorders were collected. There are no mutations of GDNF gene, ATP6V1B1, ATP6V0A4 gene in all patients. Conclusion: MSK is one of the very rare diseases in pediatric age. The etiological association of GDNF gene, ATP6V1B1, ATP6V0A4 gene in developing MSK in Korean children is not proved.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2016

Appropriate control of diet and water intake is important for maintaining normal blood pressure, fluid and electrolyte homeostasis in the body. It is relatively understood that the amount of sodium and potassium intake directly affects blood pressure and regulates ion transporters; Na and K channel functions in the kidney. However, little is known about whether diet and water intake regulates Aquaporin (AQP) function. AQPs, a family of aquaporin proteins with different types being expressed in different tissues, are important for water absorption by the cell. Water reabsorption is a passive process driven by osmotic gradient and water permeability is critical for this process. In most of the nephron, however, water reabsorption is unregulated and coupled to solute reabsorption, such as AQP1 mediated water absorption in the proximal tubule. AQP2 is the only water channel founded so far that can be regulated by hormones in the kidney. AQP2 expressed in the apical membrane of the principal cells in the collecting tubule can be regulated by vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) controlling the final volume of urine excretion. When vasopressin binds to its receptor on the collecting duct cells, it stimulates the translocation of AQP2 to the membrane, leading to increased water absorption via this AQP2 water channel. However, some studies also indicated that the AQP2 is also been regulated by vasopressin independent mechanism. This review is focused on the regulation of AQP2 by diet and the amount of water intake on salt and water homeostasis.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigate the antitoxic effect of Oenanthe javanica extracts on orally administered mercury compound. Adult male ICR mice were exposed to methylmercuric chloride (CH3HgCl)through drinking water. The control, mercury treated and Oenanthe javanica treated groups not showed significant differences in mean body and organ weights of mice. The distribution of mercury in the cerebellum, kidney, liver and spleen of the mouse were examined according to a histochemical mathod. Grains of mercury traces were located in the purkinje cell and granular layers of the cerebellum and cortex of kidney respectively. Lesser staining of the grains was seen in the collecting tubules of medulla. in the liver, mercury accumulations were present primarily in the hepatocytes around portal area containing interlobular bile duct, artery and portal vein. Also grains of mercury traces were accumulated in the white pulp of the spleen. In the group of Oenanthe javanica extracts, staining intensity of mercury was decreased in the Purkinje cell layer of cerebellum and in the portal area of liver respectively. Staining patterns in kidney and spleen of extracts group were similar to that of only mercury treated group.