• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제10권1호통권19호
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• pp.171-190
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to set up the objective standards of a space design for preschool children's room. In order to perform the above purpose, this study was organized into three sections. First, literature review to understand the relationship between preschool children's development and children's room, design elements and correlated variables of children's room. Second, survey research to seek a standard of children's room size, necessary furnitures, prefeerred colors and motifs. Third suggestions of objective and concrete alternative plan through the literature review and survey research. The major findings from the survey research were summarized as follows : 1) The mean size of contempory preschool children's room was 3.1 pyong and that of ldeal room was 4.7 pyong. 2) Necessary Furnitures with which more than two-thirds of parents want to furnish were bed, wardrobe, chest of drawers, toy shelves, toy boxes, book cases, chalkboard. Necessary furnitures for different ages were found to vary. For the age 2-5, the funitures for play were major, where as for the age 5-6, the furnitures for study were major. 3) The colors of contemporary preschool children's room were red, yellow, pink, blue, those of parent's favorites were Light colors(pink, skyblue, lemon yellow, Light green, Light purple). The rooms for boy were found with more cold colors, those for girl with more warm colors. 4) The motifs of contemporary preschool children's room were plants, lines, figures from cartoons of fairy tales. Boy's parents prefreerd space science and vehicles, while girl's parents preferred sky scenery and plants for their children's room.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.139-146
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• 2015

In this study, the plane type of main building relics of unified Silla period house site which excavated in Gyeongju city after 1990s was classified and the architectural characteristic of them was investigated. The chronology of building relics in Silla capital city site was mostly known as 8-9th century, and by standard of column arrangement, the plane types of them could be classified as grid type, front veranda-grid type, outer column type. The outstanding characteristic of plane is wide span and open front veranda. In most relics the span were over 4 meters, and inner foundations for small post and strip foundation were found between columns. The front veranda added type buildings were composited of enclosed main room and open front veranda, and column arrangement of them dose not fall into line in most case. Thus it thought that the structures of enclosed main room and open front veranda were independent. The interior space of enclosed main room were divided two rooms by partition wall in some case. In this case, one room is enclosed by wall, and the other room has open front side. This plane is considered for the pleasant life in cold winter and hot summer.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.502-509
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• 2007

This study evaluates thermal comfort by air conditioner temperature raising at the point of time that human body begins to adapt. Thermal comfort according to change of time enters by uncomfortable area gradually at general cold room temperature that magnetic pole is in human body. However, can know that keep continuous thermal comfort in case raise temperature in human body adaptation visual point. Experiments were performed in environmental chamber. Subjects were selected 4 men and 4 women whose life cycle were proved that are similar. The subjects stay in the pretesting room during the 30 minutes and enter the testing room under each experiment conditions. During the experiment, brain wave, electrocardiogram, blood pressure and thermal comfort and sensation responses were measured. In this study, physiological and psychological responses correspond under temperature raising at human body adaptation.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2021

Exhaust manifold is a very important component that is directly connected to air environment pollution and that requires strict mechanical properties such as high temperature fatigue and oxidation. Among stainless steels, the ferritic stainless steel with body-centered cubic structure shows excellent resistance of stress-corrosion cracking, ferromagnetic at room temperature, very excellent cold workability and may not be enhanced by heat treatment. The microstructural characteristics of four cast ferritic stainless steels which are high heat-resistant materials, were analyzed. By comparing and evaluating the mechanical properties at room temperature and high temperature in a range of 400℃~800℃, a database was established to control and predict the required properties and the mechanical properties of the final product. The precipitates of cast ferritic stainless steels were analyzed and the high-temperature deformation characteristics were evaluated by comparative analysis of hardness and tensile characteristics of four steels at room temperature and from 400℃ to 800℃.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.127-132
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• 2009

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the stability of a decoction using three herbal plants and their major components according to the storage conditions and periods. Materials and Methods: A three-herb mixture (1:1:1) of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer, Artemisia capillaris Thunberg, and Poncirus trifoliata Rafinesqui was decocted and kept at room temperature ($25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$) or cold temperature ($4^{\circ}C$) for 0, 2, 4 or 8 weeks in liquid form in a plastic pack under dark conditions. At time points given, they were lyophilized. 200 mg of powdered samples were dissolved in 1 mL of 90% methanol and then applied to a high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) with glycyrrhizin, 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin or poncirin for quantitative or qualitative analysis. Results: There were no gross changes in HPTLC-based compositional band-patterns of the three herbal mixture according to the storage conditions and period. The major components of each herb, glycyrrhizin, 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin and poncirin, showed slight time-dependent reduction in their contents both at room and cold temperature for 8 weeks. Conclusion: We could conclude that the current herbal decoction is generally safe for the stability at both RT or CT for at least 8 weeks. Nevertheless, we proposed that further advanced studies are required for more multiple herbal mixtures and longer storage periods.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.607-616
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• 2009

There are three sub-processes associated with the assembly of the valve seat and cylinder head; heat fitting, cold fitting, and shrink fitting. In the heat fitting stage, the cylinder head is heated to a specified temperature and then squeezed toward the outer diameter of the valve seat. The cold fitting process cools the valve seat and safely squeezes it toward the inner diameter of cylinder head. However, these methods increased the installations & running cost and curtailed productivity. To address these problems, we analyzed the shrink fitting process using the contact pressure caused by fitting interference between the outer diameter of the valve seat and the inner diameter of the cylinder head. In this study, a closed form equation for predicting the contact pressure and fitting load is proposed. For quality control of the assembly line, principal factors of the shrink fitting process influenced in contact pressure were simulated by the FEM. Actual loads measured in the field showed good agreement with the results obtained by theoretical and finite element analysis.

• 약학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.793-797
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• 1999

Salmonella typhi Ty21a is an attenuated strain of S. typhimurium and used for oral typhoid vaccine. In an attempt to increase the stability of Ty21a manufacturing typhoid vaccine, we studied about the stability of freeze-dried Th21a including additives at various temperature conditions. In order to investigate the freeze-drying rate of Ty21a according to various absorbance, we lyophilized Ty21a by using 8% sucrose as a stabilizer. The optimal freeze-drying rate of Ty21a was appeared when OD (optical density) value of the growth was between 2.5 and 3.0. To investigate the stability of Ty21a at various temperature, the viability was measured after storaging the freeze-dried Ty21a at the room temperature, cold and freezing condition for 1 week. The viability of Ty21a in cold and freezing storage condition was 5 times more stable than in room temperature. To search the most stable additives for the freeze-dried Ty21a, the viability of Ty21a including additives at the various storage condition was estimated. Mannitol and loctose were the most stable additives. Theses results suggest that the OD value of Ty21a growth, low temperature, mannitol and lactose are important factors for the optimal freeze-drying rate, the stable storage and the most stable additives, respectively.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2003

제주산 하우스 감귤의 유통전 처리에 따른 선도변화를 분석한 결과, 유통 중 가용성고형물은 온도조건이나 처리방법에 따라 큰 차이가 없이 거의 일정하게 유지되었다. 산 함량 및 경도는 유통초기에 비해 전체적으로 감소되었으나 저온유통처리구가 상온유통처리구에 비해 높게 유지되었고 상온과 저온유통 조건에서 모두 전해산화수 및 왁스코팅 처리가 대조구보다 높게 유지되었다. 과실 내부의 초기 $CO_2$발생량은 1% 내외였지만 상온유통조건에서는 기간이 경과됨에 따라 증가되는 양상을 보였다. 특히 왁스코팅처리구가 다른 처리구에 비해 $CO_2$발생이 급속히 증가하였으나, 저온유통에는 $CO_2$발생이 감소되는 경향이었다. 상온유통조건에서는 대조구가 유통 10일 이후 급속히 부패발생이 증가한 반면 전해산화수 처리구가 4.0%로 대조구 10.4%에 비해 부패율이 적었다. 저온유통에서도 유통 30일까지 전해산화수 처리구가 3.7%로 왁스코팅처리 4.4%와 대조구 7.4%에 비해 부패발생이 적었다. 유통전 처리방법에 따른 중량감소는 뚜렷한 차이를 볼 수 없었으나 상온유통의 알맞은 유통기간을 10일로 기준하였을 때 전해산화수 처리구가 중량감소가 1.8%인데 비하여 대조구에는 2.0%로 적었다. 저온유통이 상온유통에 비해 중량 감소율의 폭이 적었으며 하우스감귤의 출하에서는 저온유통이 효과가 더 컸다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.393-400
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• 2016

Background: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of germination temperature, storage container and storage temperature on Scrophularia buergeriana and Scrophularia takesimensis seeds. Methods and Results: Seed lengths of both species were 0.8 mm, while seed width differed, with S. buergeriana measuring 0.5 mm and S. takesimensis measuring 0.4 mm. The seeds of S. buergeriana were packaged in paper containers under room temperature ($15^{\circ}C$), cold temperature ($4^{\circ}C$), and freeze temperature ($-20^{\circ}C$). These seeds exhibited around 80% germination rate at temperatures between $15^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$. The germiantion rate of S. takesimensis, on the other hand, differed significantly at different germination temperatures. Seeds of S. takesimensis which were packaged in vinyl and paper containers and stored under room and cold temperatures, exhibited around 80% germination rate at $15^{\circ}C$. However, the germination rate of freeze-stored seeds were decreased to lower than 20% at germination temperatures of $15^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$ germiantion conditions. The rate of germination showed a low positive to a significantly negativie correlation with the other factor that were determined to evaluate the germination performance. Conclusions: This study elucidates the most suitable germination and storage conditions to increase the germination rate for the two species of Scrophularia buergeriana and Scrophularia takesimensis needs to be stored in paper containers under cold temperature and requires a temperature of $20^{\circ}C$ for germination. On the other hand, S. takesimensis in vinyl containers need to be stored at room temperature and those in paper containers at cold temperature, and a temperature of $15^{\circ}C$ is required for germination.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.1527-1534
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• 2005

본 연구는 아동의 체온조절반응의 특징에 성장환경이 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 명확히 하기 위해, 한국아동(K group)과 일본아동(J group)의 체온조절반응을 검토하였다. 팬츠 착용의 피험자는 중립환경 $(28.5^{\circ}C)$에서 1시간, 추운환경$(22^{\circ}C)$ 또는 더운환경$(37^{\circ}C)$으로 옮겨져 1시간 동안의 체온조절반응이 검토되었다. 그 결과, 직장온은 환경온이 높아짐에 따라 약간 높아졌으며, K group의 직장온이 J group보다 약간 높았다. 추운환경에서의 손과 발의 피부온은 현저히 저하되었으며, J group보다 K group에서 더 현저히 나타났다. 그리고, 두 group의 절대 국소 증발량은 환경온 $22^{\circ}C$와 $28.5^{\circ}C$에서 비슷한 분포를 나타내는 반면, 환경온 $37^{\circ}C$에서는 J group은 몸 전체에서 발한을 나타냈으나 K group은 사지보다 몸통부위의 발한량이 많았다. 맥박은 환경온의 상승에 따라 높아졌으며, J group의 맥박이 K group보다 더 높았다.