• 대한약침학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2015

Objectives: Water-soluble carthami flos (WCF) is a new mixture of Carthami flos (CF) pharmacopuncture. We conducted a 4-week toxicity test of repeated intramuscular injections of WCF in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: Forty male and 40 female rats were divided into 4 groups of 10 male and 10 female SD rats: The control group received 0.5 mL/animal/day of normal saline whereas the three experimental groups received WCF at doses of 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 mL/animal/day, respectively. For 4 weeks, the solutions were injected into the femoral muscle of the rats alternating from side to side. Clinical signs, body weights, and food consumption were observed; opthalmological examinations and urinalyses were performed. On day 29, blood samples were taken for hematological and clinical chemistry analyses. Then, necropsy was conducted in all animals to observe weights and external and histopathological changes in the bodily organs. All data were tested using a statistical analysis system (SAS). Results: No deaths were observed. Temporary irregular respiration was observed in male rats of the experimental group for the first 10 days. Body weights, food consumptions, opthalmological examinations, urinalyses, clinical chemistry analyses, organ weights and necropsy produced no findings with toxicological meaning. In the hematological analysis, delay of prothrombin time (PT) was observed in male rats of the 0.25- and the 0.5-mL/animal/day groups. In the histopathological test, a dose-dependent inflammatory cell infiltration into the fascia and panniculitis in perimuscular tissues was observed in all animals of the experimental groups. However, those symptoms were limited to local injection points. No toxicological meanings, except localized changes, were noted. Conclusion: WCF solution has no significant toxicological meaning, but does produce localized symptoms. No observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of WCF in male and female rats is expected for doses over 0.5 mL/animal/day.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.239-243
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• 2007

Many allergists are currently focusing on the development of new diagnostic tools, and are attempting to improve both the sensitivity and specificity. A multiple allergen simultaneous test-chemiluminescent assay (MAST-CLA) is one of the most popular diagnostic tools used in the Republic of Korea. However, there remains controversy among allergists with regard to the cut-off point for a positive result. The present study was conducted in order to determine the validity of MAST-CLA as compared with that of the skin prick test, with particular emphasis on arthropod allergens, on the basis of percentage agreement rates and k-values, and also to suggest the optimal positive cutoff points using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The study was conducted with 97 subjects (54 men, 43 women). Optimal individual cut-off points were calculated as follows; class II for Dermatophagoides farinae, class I for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, and trace for a cockroach mix. These findings suggest that attempting to apply optimal individual cut-off points will be a good way of improving diagnostic tests, particularly MAST-CLA.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.126-134
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• 2016

To examine the possibility of using Musa sapientum L. (Banana) leaf extract as a cosmetic raw material, banana leaves grown in Jeju Island were extracted with 70% ethanol. Polysaccharides present in banana leaf extract were discarded by precipitation with cold ethanol. Polysaccharide-discarded banana leaf extract promoted procollagen and COL1A1 gene expression, but inhibited matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-2 gene expression in human skin fibroblasts when examined by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The active compound in banana leaves was identified by fractionation with various solvents. The chloroform fraction showed the highest anti-wrinkle efficacy and the active compound of chloroform fraction was identified as corosolic acid by NMR, FT-IR, EA, and HPLC-MS. In addition, banana leaf extract showed anti-oxidative efficacy with an IC50 value of 67.91 ppm, as determined by DPPH free radical scavenging assay. Finally, the anti-wrinkle efficacy of banana leaf extract-containing cream was confirmed by clinical tests. Based on these results, banana leaves could have an application as a cosmetic raw material with anti-wrinkle efficacy.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.138-143
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• 2022

A 21-year-old female Halla Horse weighing 248 kg was referred to the Jeju National University Equine Hospital with the chief complaint of anorexia accompanied by general weakness and depression for the previous three days suspected to be related to colic. Extensive diagnostic tests were performed for the following six days, including complete blood count (CBC), serum chemistry, gastroscopy, x-rays, and ultrasound imaging. The signalment, history, symptoms, and test results strongly suggested a chronic intestinal inflammatory disease with or without an alimentary tumor; hence, an exploratory laparotomy was performed. Almost the entire small intestine wall was severely thickened with diffuse ecchymosis on the serosa and protruded nodules on the mucosa. A presumptive diagnosis of an intestinal tumor was made, and the patient was euthanized, considering the patient's welfare with poor prognosis and low expectancy. A massive part of the small intestine was collected and submitted for macroscopic and microscopic pathology evaluations. The pathologic examination, including immunohistochemistry (IHC), indicated equine intestinal lymphoma showing strong positivity for T cell marker. This report describes the clinical signs, diagnosis and pathological features of intestinal lymphoma in a Halla Horse in detail.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.275-285
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• 2009

2007년 1월부터 8월까지의 8개월 동안 삼성서울병원에서 병동 및 외래에서 의뢰된 전 혈구검사 검체를 대상으로 하여 S사의 자동혈액장비의 4 Diff channel과 WBC channel의 결과 비교를 통해 총 백혈구의 과다측정 여부를 판단하였다. 장기적 임상치료를 밟는 환자 중 8개월간의 백혈구 수 비교를 통해 over count라고 판단된 증례는 총 25건이었다. 해당 검체와 동일한 날짜에 실시한 생화학적 검사 중 간 기능(liver function test)의 지표가 되는 AST와ALT에서 정강범위를 벗어나는 경우가 전체 환자의 68%였으며, 총 별리루빈 범위도 전체 검체 중 60%가 허용범위를 넘는 결과를 보였다. 백혈구가 과다 측정된 시점에 환자의 임상정보 결과 Cephalosporin계 4세대 항생제인 cefepime을 98%의 환자들이 투여 받은 상태에 있었다. 백혈구 과다측정은 하나의 원인보다 다양한 원인들이 복합적으로 작용하여 발생하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2015

감로수는 궁중음료인 제호탕과 동의보감의 생맥산에서 유래한 절식보조음료이다. 감로수를 이용한 절식요법의 보완과 향후 예정된 임상시험을 위한 임상지표 선정을 위해 정상인 1예, 비만인 1예, 고도비만인 1예를 대상으로 10일간의 절식요법 전, 후로 증례를 관찰하였다. 절식 후 체중은 평균 -6.3%, 체지방은 평균 -6.5%, 근육은 평균 -6.6% 감소하였고, 영양지표에 해당하는 RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, T-protein, albumin의 수치는 증가하였고 염증지표에 해당하는 hs- CRP, CRP, ESR, WBC 수치는 감소하였다. 절식 후에도 간기능, 신기능, 전해질수치는 정상수준을 유지하였고, 산화스트레스는 감소하였으며, 항산화력이 증가하는 결과를 나타내었다. 피로도는 절식 전보다 다소 개선되었고, 절식기 동안 불면 이외에 별다른 불편증상을 호소하지 않았다. 다만 혈중 빌리루빈수치 상승, 케톤 증가로 인한 체액의 약산성화는 절식요법을 시행함에 있어 추후 보완해야 할 사안이라 생각된다. 결론적으로 감로수의 디톡스 프로파일은 적합하며 관찰된 결과는 후속연구에 고려될 것이다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.255-259
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• 2007

A 6-year-old, intact male, mongrel dog with yellowish urine, anorexia, depression was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of the Chungnam National university. Immune mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) was diagnosed by clinical signs, physical examination, laboratory tests (CBC, serum chemistry, Coombs' test, autoagglutination test and urinalysis) and diagnostic imaging (X-ray and ultrasonography). Clinical signs were improved after combined immune-suppressive therapy (prednisolone and cyclosporine) and prophylactic heparin therapy. A thrombus ($4cm{\times}1cm$) was observed in the right ventricle by autopsy. Combined therapy and supportive care (antithrombolytic agent and acupuncture) were effective in a dog with IMHA.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.223-229
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• 1996

HLA-class I 항원의 HLA-B 유전자좌에 존재하는 HLA-B27 유전자는 임상적으로 강직성 척수염과 강한 관련성이 있음이 보고되고 있으며, 현재 HLA 유전자중 질병과의 관련성을 보기 위한 검사로 임상에서 가장 널리 사용되고 있다. 대부분의 검사실에서는 현재까지 혈청학적 검사방법을 이용하여 HLA-B27 검사를 실시하고 있는데, 이 방법은 시약이 고가이고, 검체의 안정성과 보관이 어려우며, 분석시간이 오래 걸리는 등 불편한 점이 있고, 또한 현재에도 계속 새로운 HLA-B27 대립유전자가 발견되고 있으므로 위음성의 가능성도 배제할 수 없어, 보다 정확한 검사방법이 요구되고 있다. 최근 HLA-B27 대림유전자의 염기배열이 대부분 밝혀져 혈청학적 방법 대신 DNA를 이용한 typing방법이 보고되고 있다. 저자들은 HLA-B2l 대립 유전자에 공통으로 존재하는 염기배열 부분을 선택하여 group specific PCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction)을 실시하고 그 유용성을 검토하였다. 혈청학적 방법으로 HLA B-27 형이 확인된 검체 56 개와 4 개의 표준세포주 (HOM-2, JESTHOM, WT24, BTB)를 이용하여 혈청학적 방법과 DNA typing을 비교한 결과, 두 방법사이에 완벽한 일치를 나타내었다. 따라서 group specific PCR을 이용한 HLA-B27 DNA typing은 검체 및 시약의 안정성이 높고, 경제적이며 신속한 검사가 가능하므로 임상에서 활용성이 매우 클 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2014

Objectives: This experiment was conducted to examine the toxicity of Water soluble Carthmi-Flos herbal acupuncture (WCF) by administering a single intramuscular dose of WCF in 6-week-old, male and female Sprague-Dawley rats and to find the lethality dose for WCF. Methods: The experiment was conducted at Biotoxtech according to Good Laboratory Practices under a request by the Korean Pharmacopuncture Institute. This experiment was performed based on the testing standards of "Toxicity Test Standards for Drugs" by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Subjects were divided into 4 groups: 1 control group in which normal saline was administered and 3 test groups in which 0.1, 0.5 or 1.0 mL of WCF was administered; a single intramuscular dose was injected into 5 males and 5 females in each group. General symptoms and body weights were observed/measured for 14 days after injection. At the end of the observation period, hematological and clinical chemistry tests were performed, followed by necropsy and histopathological examinations of the injected sections. Results: No mortalities were observed in any group. Also, symptoms, body weight, hematology, clinical chemistry and necropsy were not affected. However, histopathological examination of the injected part in one female in the 1.0-mL group showed infiltration of mononuclear cells and a multi-nucleated giant cell around eosinophilic material. Conclusion: Administration of single intramuscular doses of WCF in 3 groups of rats showed that the approximate lethal dose of WCF for all rats was in excess of 1.0 mL, as no mortalities were observed for injections up to and including 1.0 mL.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.224-234
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• 2006

We employed human SK-MEL-28 cells as a model system to identify cellular proteins that accompany N-(4-methyl)phenyl-O-(4-methoxy)phenyl-thionocarbamate (MMTC)-induced apoptosis based on a proteomic approach. Cell viability tests revealed that SK-MEL-28 skin cancer cells underwent more cell death than normal HaCaT cells in a dose-dependent manner after treatment with MMTC. Two-dimensional electrophoresis in conjunction with matrixassisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry analysis or computer matching with a protein database further revealed that the MMTC-induced apoptosis is accompanied by increased levels of caspase-1, checkpoint suppressor-1, caspase-4, NF-kB inhibitor, AP-2, c-Jun-N-terminal kinase, melanoma inhibitor, granzyme K, G1/S specific cyclin D3, cystein rich protein, Ras-related protein Rab-37 or Ras-related protein Rab-13, and reduced levels of EMS (oncogene), ATP synthase, tyrosine-phosphatase, Cdc25c, 14-3-3 protein or specific structure of nuclear receptor. The migration suppressing effect of MMTC on SK-MEL-28 cell was tested. MMTC suppressed the metastasis of SK-MEL-8 cells. It was also identified that MMTC had little angiogenic effect because it did not suppress the proliferation of HUVEC cell line. These results suggest that MMTC is a novel chemotherapeutic and metastatic agents against the SK-MEL-28 human melanoma cell line.