• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.55 no.4
• /
• pp.360-370
• /
• 2022

Objectives: This study evaluated the response in Daegu, Korea to the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic according to a public health emergency response model. Methods: After an examination of the official data reported by the city of Daegu and the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as well as a literature review and advisory meetings, we chose a response model. Daegu's responses were organized into 4 phases and evaluated by applying the response model. Results: In phase 1, efforts were made to block further transmission of the virus through preemptive testing of a religious group. In phase 2, efforts were concentrated on responding to mass infections in high-risk facilities. Phase 3 involved a transition from a high-intensity social distancing campaign to a citizen participation-based quarantine system. The evaluation using the response model revealed insufficient systematic preparation for a medical surge. In addition, an incorporated health-related management system and protection measures for responders were absent. Nevertheless, the city encouraged the participation of private hospitals and developed a severity classification system. Citizens also played active roles in the pandemic response by practicing social distancing. Conclusions: This study employed the response model to evaluate the early response in Daegu to the COVID-19 pandemic and revealed areas in need of improvement or maintenance. Based on the study results, creation of a systematic model is necessary to prepare for and respond to future public health emergencies like the COVID-19 pandemic.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.49 no.6
• /
• pp.16-26
• /
• 2021

For urban parks' rational and efficient management, research on creating green spaces in living area through citizen participation is continuously being conducted. However, in existing studies, citizens are recognized as a homogeneous group, and research on the intention to participate in park management according to user characteristics has not been conducted. A few studies have attempted to show differences through conceptual variables, such as user satisfaction and attachment to parks, but studies on sociodemographic factors, such as the users' age, have not been conducted. This study was conducted to ascertain the differences in preferred parks and park management participation methods by age, targeting various parks located in ten districts of Incheon Metropolitan City. Regression analysis was performed after collecting 1,226 questionnaires, applying a population-proportional allocation in the ten districts. As a result of the study, it was found that the difference according to the age of users has the most influence on the willingness to manage the park rather than the satisfaction or other factors. Also, a chi-square analysis was conducted to find the differences in preferred urban parks and management methods by age. The results showed that the choice to manage parks was statistically higher for those in their 50s or older, and the differences in preferred park types and desired park greening methods suggested implications for park management plans by age.

• Spatial Information Research
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.71-79
• /
• 2012

This paper is based on the research in the field of geospatial data that Seoul Government has initially promoted with private companies. In order to introduce the knowhow which has obtained through the cooperation between Seoul government and Private companies, several useful and practical materials will be offered in this paper. As for the cooperation on geospatial data, government and private companies should form a consultative group to find the way of improvement and the legal and regulatory details should be summited to related institutions. This paper will offer a proposal about how to improve and invigorate the present system, also, it will help to look for an effective proposal about budget reductions on the geospatial data which Seoul government propelled with private companies through continuous cooperation. Useful guide about how to solve the difficulties due to the imcomplete of legislations and closed institutions provided by Seoul Government will also be mentioned in this paper.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2004

Urban parks provide good services to the community, and they are enhanced by citizen participation. For that especially, organizational and continued volunteering can be a key strategy. The purpose of this study is to establish factors on promoting the continuity of volunteering in voulatary associations of urban parks. Variables of continuity are continual will, continual time, and psychological continuance motive. To add to this, this study is intended to inquiry about recognition and compensation that volunteers want to receive. The major findings are as follows: First, The main participantes were housewives with high education. Second, Continual will was influenced by gender, profession, the satisfactory degree for individual pursuit an ideal, and the degree of confidence with members. Third, Continual time was influenced by profession and individual network in community. Forth, Continual motive was influenced by individual network in community, the result-analysis behavior of related government organ, the degree of confidence and the degree of ties with members. Finally, Volunteers wanted to receive the volunteering expenses, the compensation about accident, and emotional recognitions. In sum : to ensure the continuity of volunteering, first, recruiting of volunteers is demanded to select a major target group in the community. Second, a voulatary association helps to make confidence and ties with members. Third, the related government organ strives for volunteers to have a positive recognition of the organ's attitudes, for the volunteer association to have a clearly distinguished area of action from the organ's one, and a co-operative system. Finally, an institution needs to be established to give emotional recognitions as well as volunteering expenses and acompensation for accidents.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.160-171
• /
• 2023

The importance of design utilization as a method for establishing policies and services in the public sector is increasing. Accordingly, Korea has introduced a public service design development method and has implemented and operated a national design group for consumer-centered policy development since 2014. This study analyzes the cases of the National Design Group to expand the use of design in the public sector and propose sustainable public service design strategies. The time range of this study is from 2014 to 2021, when the National Design Group was implemented, and the content is limited to tasks that can be found on the Gwanghwamun 1st Street website and the National Design Group casebook. This study was conducted as follows. First, we looked for implications for how to use and identify the role of design in the public policy development stage by referring to the literature on design policy and public service design, and second, based on major implications, we analyzed the task name and contents. Based on literature studies and case studies, we found implications that design can be used in various public fields, and the policy implications proposed to expand the use of sustainable design in the public sector are as follows. First, by raising awareness of service design in public policies and services, it continues to provide opportunities for the use of design to expand as a role that leads to voluntary behavioral changes of citizens beyond civic participation. Second, more active publicity is needed for the successful cases of the National Design Group, a product of the active use of public service design. Third, a more specific evaluation system should be introduced to verify the effectiveness and effectiveness of public service design. Through this, it is expected that it will greatly contribute to reducing the error in policy delivery and realizing citizen-centered public services by utilizing design for various problems facing our society.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.36 no.6
• /
• pp.102-114
• /
• 2009

Urban discourse can be used to create a better living environment through open thinking, understanding and discussion. It raises both physical and social issues surrounding the urban environment. It can encourage the participation of citizen groups and lead the way to develop a community-oriented urban environment through inter-discourse agreement. The urban space of Cheonggye Stream has produced a wide range of urban discourse from 2003 to the present. Discourse regarding the Cheonggye Stream restoration project has been approached by fields including landscape architecture, ecology, urbanism, architecture, politics, and economics, among others. This discourse has reduced a variety of issues and ranges of debate. This study has classified these discussions into related fields and ideological attitudes, analysed their content, and interpreted their meaning. In order to examine the mutual relationships existing among these discourses by different ideological groups, an analytical framework was established byputting classified versions of discourses into a coordinate diagram. The overall topography showing the present status of Korea public awareness regarding the urban environment could therefore be determined. As a result, it was found that the disciplines of landscape architecture took a middle ground between groups with practical and radical ideologies regarding the Cheonggye Stream project and was a mediator for both poles to find a point of contact. However, participatory discourse requires the disciplines of landscape architecture to participate more actively in the discourses on urban environment and take a more active stand corresponding to the zeitgeist and people's sense of public justice.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.47 no.4
• /
• pp.50-60
• /
• 2019

In the late 1980s, a financial crisis and Compulsory Competitive Tendering (CCT) in green space services brought with it a profound impact on the quality of parks in the UK. Such government projects, e.g. Urban Task Force (1999) and Public Parks Assessment (2001), aimed to raise the awareness of the severity of the declining standards of urban parks. Since the late 1990s, the UK governments (The New Labour (1997-2010) and The Conservative Government (2010-2019)), have often adopted community-led governance schemes to enhance the quality of parks and address problems derived from the financial crisis. Accordingly, community groups, notably 'Friends of', enlarged their involvement in the decision-making process of park management. However, there is little empirical evidence concerning the impact of community-led governance on park management, in particular, the effect on the users' perceptions of park use. This study explored the context of community-led park management to reclassify the level of build-up of governance underlined by 'A Ladder of Citizen Participation'. In addition, questionnaire surveys were conducted around two Sheffield district parks, which are located in deprived areas. As a result, community involvement in the status quo of UK urban park management has changed its form of governance based on the extent of involvement in the decision-making process. The forms of governance could be categorised in three levels: general, active, and predominant governance, where the extents of decision-making and sharing responsibility vary. The results obtained through the questionnaires show that one park (active governance), which has a stronger tendency of sharing responsibility to get involved in park management, had better contribution to park management and positive impacts on users' satisfaction than the other park (general governance). The findings highlight that stronger governance in partnerships with the non-public sectors can shed light on current and future park management through a shift in sharing responsibility for park management.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.69-81
• /
• 2015

Under the premise that parks have been a performing field of welfare ideology that benefits the citizen from the past, the present study began with a basic question on what substance a park has and how it has worked. Therefore, this study tried to find out the theoretic background that can explain the roles of a park as an instrument for welfare, of which topic is currently being discussed, and examine how the ideology in the debate regarding welfare characteristics of parks are differentiated from those of social welfare. In addition, this study divided the process of development of parks defined by Galen Cranz in an attempt to view how welfare benefits offered by parks have changed in their development and looked into the roles and types of welfare functions that parks provided to the citizens under a certain social situation by period. Furthermore, the characteristics and development of the ideology underlying a welfare park were examined by function and element in its progression. The results of this study are as follows. The functions that parks have performed so far can be classified into three categories. First, they have a remedial function. Parks have given direct services to 'the socially disadvantaged' such as relief, fostering, and rehabilitation. Second, parks have played a preventive function. They aim to reinforce the functions of individual, family, group, and community. Third, they have exerted a developmental function. They function to promote change of society in a way for it to contribute to social development. Looking into the roles and functions of parks from the perspective of their beneficiary class and benefits, the following were discovered. First, the beneficiaries of welfare characteristics in parks have expanded to the general public from the poor class, and the benefits of parks have spread into the public including the underprivileged in a real sense. Second, the significance of welfare characteristics in parks has also changed from literal benefits to caring for basic human rights. Third, the purpose of welfare characteristics in parks has changed from providing minimal conditions to optimal conditions. At its beginning, the ideology of welfare in parks remained ideal, confining itself to their idealistic characteristics; but as time went on, they created several social benefits in response to various social demands, developing into a field where welfare ideology manifests and is realized in an active manner. Furthermore, it was witnessed that the parks and welfare of the present times are standing at the point of contact for participation and universal well-being. The present study reconsidered the meaning and value of parks from perspective of them as a provider of welfare benefits as well as examined how the welfare ideology of parks is connected to practice. By doing so, this study discovered the various roles, values, and ideology that parks should bear in the future. Therefore, this study is expected to be a good example for future research related to the topic.