• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.483-487
• /
• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the role of attached leaflet on rooting and growth by one nodal cutting in tomato. As cutting sources 4 to 6 nodes could be obtained from one nursery seedling. Medium for cutting was a mixture with perlite plus peat moss (1 : 1, v/v), and each plug capacity was 30mL in the 72 cells-plug tray. Plant height and the number of leaves were significantly increased by attached leaflet cutting in 'Pepe' and 'Coco' cherry tomato. Dry weights of top and root were increased as much as 3 to 15 times in the cutting attached leaflet. Rooting percentage was 93.5% in one node cutting and 86% in the cutting with hypocotyl node part. At 20 to 24 days after nodal cutting, healthy nursery plant could be produced to transplant in field. The nursery plants by nodal cutting (NPNC) showed more fibrous roots and less tap roots than that of seedling. In terms of rooting pattern, NPNC rooted at the whole ground stem part, while rooting of seedling occurred at basal part of hypocotyl.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.257-265
• /
• 2011

During 2002-2008 in Korea, 455 extracts from myxobacteria consisting of 318 cellulolytic and 137 bacteriolytic myxobacteria were isolated, which were then screened for antifungal activity against the phytopathogens Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum acutatum, Penicillium sp., Pyricularia grisea, and Phytophthora capsici. 204 isolates had antifungal activity, causing both a clear zone due to blocked spore germination and inhibition of mycelial growth; most (199) were from cellulolytic (Sorangium cellulosum) and only five were from bacteriolytic myxobacteria. B. cinerea, the best controlled among the five tested pathogens, had a unique group of antifungal isolates of myxobacterial extracts compared to the other pathogens' groups. Among seventy-nine bioactive myxobacteria, four isolates, KYC 3130, KYC 3247, KYC 3248 and KYC 3270, were selected and all were cellulolytic. Liquid culture filtrates of these four myxobacteria were applied to tomato, cherry tomato, strawberry, and kiwi fruits 5 h before inoculation with gray mold conidia; then the treated fruits were placed in an airtight container and the experiment was repeated six to eight times. Incidence (%) of gray mold on fruit of the infected control treatment was 84-98%, whereas it was only 5-21% after the KYC 3270 treatment. After KYC 3270 treatment of the four fruits, mold control was 79-95%, which was highest among the filtrates and statistically the same as treatment with fludioxonil, a registered chemical against gray mold of stored fruits.

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.198-201
• /
• 2009

Bacterial wilts, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, is a very destructive disease to tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) in Korea. Selection of resistant cultivar is the best way to prevent or reduce the occurrence of this disease. Thirty-nine tomato cultivars, twenty-one cherry tomato cultivars and thirteen rootstock tomato cultivars were inoculated with Ralstonia solanacearum, to evaluate tomato cultivars for resistance against bacterial wilts. Thirty-seven cultivars were highly susceptible to bacterial wilts and 61-100% of their whole tissue became wilted within 10 days after inoculation. Twenty-four cultivars showed moderate resistance and twelve were resistant to bacterial wilts. In an evaluation of 73 major commercial cultivars, 'Lilyance', 'TP-7', 'Choice', 'Dadaki', 'Akiko', 'Redstar', 'Match', 'B-blocking', 'Magnet', 'Support', 'Friend' and 'Special' were found to have a high level of resistance to bacterial wilts of tomatoes.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.47 no.1
• /
• pp.78-89
• /
• 2020

Tomato fruit quality is determined by the contents of various functional metabolites in addition to fruit appearance. To develop tomato cultivars with higher amounts of functional compounds, an efficient quantification method is required to identify the natural variations in the compounds in the tomato germplasm. In this study, we investigated tomato varieties, which included 23 inbred lines and 12 commercial F₁ cultivars, for their contents of seven watersoluble vitamins (vitamin C, vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and B9) and five polyphenolic compounds (quercetin, rutin, kaempferol, myricetin, and naringenin chalcone). The results of high performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry showed that vitamin C and naringenin chalcone were the major water-soluble vitamins and polyphenolic compounds, respectively, and their abundance was highly variable depending on the cultivar. By contrast, the contents of vitamin B1, quercetin, and kaempferol were lowest among the cultivars. With regard to the relationship between metabolic compounds and fruit characteristics, a significant association was found in fruit size, indicating that cherry tomato varieties contain higher amounts of the compounds compared to large fresh-type varieties. However, no direct association was detected in fruit color, except for naringenin chalcone. The results of this study provide new insights on the quantification of metabolic compounds and the selection of breeding materials, which are prerequisites for the development of functional tomato varieties.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.700-705
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate the quality changes and contamination of microorganisms such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in cherry tomatoes and head lettuces during the storage of different temperatures and periods. This study determines the pH levels, color changes and the growth patterns of microorganisms in cherry tomatoes and head lettuces during storage of 14 days at $5^{\circ}C$, $10^{\circ}C$ and $15^{\circ}C$. According to the results, the pH level is being reduced with storage periods in cherry tomatoes and head lettuces. The $L^*$, $a^*$ and $b^*$ values of cherry tomatoes are decreased with storage period, whereas the $a^*$ and $b^*$ values have increased with storage of the head lettuces. With regards to the types of microorganisms, the aerobic count plate (ACP), coliform count (CC), mold and yeast are being detected when cherry tomatoes and head lettuces are stored at $5^{\circ}C$, $10^{\circ}C$ and $15^{\circ}C$, whereas the S. aureus and E. coli are not being detected at 14 days of storage. The ACP, CC and yeast of cherry tomatoes increase with storage period, whereas the mold of cherry tomatoes was decreased after 14 days of storage. For the head lettuces, APC and CC have significantly increased with storage, whereas the mold stored at $5^{\circ}C$, $10^{\circ}C$ and $15^{\circ}C$ decreased after 21 days of storage. From these studies, we can confirm that changes in quality characteristics and the types of microorganisms existed in cherry tomatoes and head lettuces during storage were the ACP, CC, mold and yeast, whereas the E. coli and S. aureus are not detected.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.52 no.4
• /
• pp.357-364
• /
• 2013

Bee-vectoring is a new crop protection technology used for suppressing insect pests and diseases in crops by disseminating microbial agents into plants during bee pollination activities. In this study, we conducted bee-vectoring trials in cherry tomato greenhouses by using the bumble bee (Bombus terrestris), a microbial agent (Bacillus subtilis) and a new dispenser, and we measured the delivered quantity of microbial agent. Bacterial colony forming units (CFUs) in bees exiting a dispenser ranged from $9.0{\times}10^5$ to $1.9{\times}10^6$ per bee. At greenhouse trials in the National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS) trials, 3,300 - 8,500 CFUs per flower were counted and 80 - 100% of the flower samples contained detectable concentrations. There was no significant difference in CFU density between microbial replacement intervals (once a week vs twice a week) in the NAAS trials. In a commercial greenhouse trial, 1,800 - 2,400 CFUs per flower were found, and 83 - 93% of the flower samples contained detectable concentrations. CFUs detected in bee-vectored flowers increased by approximately 75 times before bee-vectoring. The mortality of bumble bees in the NAAS trials was, on average, 22% and little negative effects were observed on the bumble bee colonies. The yield difference for cherry tomatoes in the NAAS trials was not significant between treatments. When we select additional microbial agents that can be disseminated using this technology and create a detailed plan based on insect pests and disease incidence, we can apply this technology in greenhouses for growing tomatoes and strawberries in the near future.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.15-24
• /
• 2019

The study was compared for soil chemical and microbial properties as well as growth of the cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme) plants environmentally friendly gown for 3 years and 5 years, which had been fertigated with homemade liquid fertilizer (LF) with indigenous microorganism as an additional fertilizer. Treatment included LF with indigenous microorganism for 3 years (3-year IM-LF) and for 5 years (5-year IM-LF), with an effective microorganism for 10 years (EM-LF), which had been applied with 1,000 times of dilution in the farmhouse. IM-LF and EM-LF materials had increased pH pattern for 16 weeks, in particular for increase of 1.2 for EM-LF. IM-LF material contained slightly higher EC but similar level of 0.2 dS/m to EM-LF. For a pot experiment in the greenhouse, IM-LF treatment increased root dry weight of the cherry tomato plants. In the farmhouse experiment, IM-LF treatment increased to 7.5 of soil pH and 8.4 dS/m of EC, indicating high salt accumulation. EM-LF treatment increased to 62 g/kg of soil OM, which would have affected concentrations of macro essential nutrients, including T-N in the soil. However, the optimum soil chemical levels for growth of cherry tomato plants were observed on the IM-LF plots. EM-LF treatment increased number of bacteria and actinobacteria in the soil. EM-LF treatment increased concentrations of macro essential nutrients in the plants, except for P, with similar nutrient concentrations observed between 3-year IM-LF and 5-year IM-LF-treated plants. Leaf SPAD and PS II levels decreased in the plants treated with 3-year IM-LF. EM-LF treatment increased leaf width and length, number of leaves, canopy area, plant height, and stem diameter in the mid-term stage of growth, which were not significantly different between the treatments. EM-LF treated-plants had two times higher leaf dry weight than those of values observed on the IM-LF plants, which was the opposite result observed on the number of fruit.

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.213-216
• /
• 2005

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) occurred abruptly with a high incidence rate in 14 vegetable crops in Anyang area, Gyunggido in 2004. TSWV was identified by the symptoms on the indicator plants, immunocaptured reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (IC/RT-PCR), virion captured (VC)RT-PCR and RT-PCR using total RNA from the infected plants. Vegetable crops infected with TSWV included table tomato, cherry tomato, red pepper, lettuce, chicory, red leaf chicory, red mustard, dragon tongue, treviso, potato, perilla, sesame, pumpkin, and ssamchoo (hybrid of oriental cabbage and cabbage). The incidence of TSWV in fields ranged from 30 to $100\%$. TSWV usually produced necrosis, wilt and/or severe mosaic with typical single or double ring spots on the leaves. TSWV could be detected in Frankliniella occidentalis collected from the crops in the fields with $90\%$ rate by IC/RT-PCR.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.40-47
• /
• 2023

There are many different types of cultivation in tomatoes for year-round production. One of them, semi-forcing cultivation is characterized by growing seedlings in winter season. If grafted seedlings are used in winter season that energy cost can be reduced, because they have tolerance to cold stress. This study was conducted to analyze the rootstock performance by measuring the growth, yield, and leaf-macronutrient content of cherry tomatoes grown in semi-forcing hydroponics. Three domestic rootstocks 'HSF4', '21LM', '21A701', and a control cultivar 'B-blocking' were grafted onto jujube-shaped cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) commercial cultivar 'Nonari'. The total yield per plant with grafted cherry tomato '21A701' was 3,387g, which was 11%, 22% and 24% higher than the yield with 'B-blocking', non-grafted one and 'HSF4'. The stem diameter of '21A701' was thick with 8.26mm, whereas non-grafted one was thin with 7.23mm at 160 days after transplanting. The flowering position of '21LM' was 34% and 47% higher than the flowering position of 'B-blocking' and non-grafted one at 153 days after transplanting. The NO₃-N concentration in petiole sap of '21LM' was the highest with 1,746mg·L^-1 and non-grafted one and 'HSF4' were the lowest with 1,252mg·L^-1 and 1,245mg·L^-1 at 167 days after transplanting. The results indicated that rootstock/scion combinations in cherry tomatoes can affect the plant growth, yield, and the concentration of different NO₃-N in leaves at the late growth stage. Both '21A701' and '21LM' have vigorous root system, which influence the growth and yield increased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
• /
• 2005.10a
• /
• pp.154-158
• /
• 2005