• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.68-79
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• 2012

This study examines features in using Japanese apricots that assume a leading place with a special symbolism among various species of trees adopted to traditional gardens from a landscaping view. Specific aspects of how Japanese apricots were adopted to traditional gardens are as follows. First, while Japanese apricots are used in modern landscape space, there traditionally were six types in use of Japanese apricots as Tammae(探梅) Jungmae(庭梅) Bunmae(盆梅) Byoungmae(甁梅) Chomae(造梅) and Mukmae(墨梅). Second, Japanese apricots planted in gardens[庭梅] were placed mainly in a front yard of Sarang-Chae(the men's part of a traditional house) took a central area because symbolism and ornamental values of Japanese apricots suited what classical scholars sought. Preferred planting sites at that time include south of the building, the yard of Sarang-Chae, space in front of windows and next to fences and waterside. Third, Japanese apricots in traditional gardens were planted in five ways; Dansik(單植) Daesik(對植) Gunsik(群植) Yeolsik(列植) Honsik(混植). Dansik was the most common way in planting Japanese apricots and Daesik intended to enhance orderedness and symbolism of space. Japanese apricots for appreciating in an open field took the form of Gunsik in general but Honsik was also used with species of special symbolism. This study offers an opportunity to grasp traditional planting methods of Japanese apricots based on understanding of cultural aspects of Japanese apricots by focusing on Japanese apricots, the representative traditional species of trees. Results of the study would help to recognize the need to newly understand Japanese apricots and be useful information to plant and use Japanese apricots in a traditional way.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.33-50
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to seek the spatial organization and prototype landscape through literature reviews, historical evidences, and field surveys for Donggwanwangmyo(東關王廟) shrine in Seoul. The results were as follows : First, the basic layout of the main buildings in Donggwanwangmyo which is the remains influenced by China had bilateral symmetry on the central axis between the north and south. Second, the Chinese forms and features were found at Jeong-jeon and middle gate in Donggwanwangmyo, and the symbolic elements of royal authority was also found in each space of Donggwanwangmyo. Third, spatial organization was classified as the entrance and the ritual area, and the entrance area was maintained by administrators and was used as the place of ritual ceremony preparation. Fourth, the original form of Donggwanwangmyo had been damaged due to the project for making urban park in the 1970s. The most of the existing trees and shrubs which are not suitable to the shrine should be removed to recover the original landscape of Donggwanwangmyo and chui-byoung(翠屛), pond, landscape facilities also needed to be restored. Fifth, Donggwanwangmyo needed to reorganize the pious atmosphere to recover of the shrine environment, and needed to be reclassified as historical site. Finally, some criticizes that Donggwanwangmyo is the result of Toadyism, but Donggwanwangmyo can be used as the valuable tourism resource through the awareness that Donggwanwangmyo was built under the situation of Joseon Dynasty, and organization and understanding that Donggwanwangmyo is a symbolic remains for the exchange between Korea and China.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.285-310
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• 2017

This study reviews recent changes in parenting support policy in Japan, and examines the roles and functions of day-nursery as the base for parenting support in the local community. The purpose of this study is to provide implications for the direction of the parenting support policy and child-care facilities for the local communities in South Korea. The analysis concentrates on the official national reports such as the Declining Birthrate White Paper and Japan's National Guidelines for Care and Education at Day Nursery by the Japanese Cabinet Office. The study finds that the Japanese government has introduced comprehensive medium and long-term policies for all the members of the community with recognizing the changes in the domestic and foreign child-rearing environments and social needs. These policies have also helped to improve the social awareness of parenting. The role of the day-care center has been raised as a significant part of the support for child-rearing in the local community due to the revision of the Child Welfare Act for nursery school teachers in 2001 and the official announcement of Japan's National Guidelines for Care and Education at Day Nursery in 2008. The study also concludes that the social responsibility of the nursery center has been strengthened by being utilized as a public resource for the community. From the findings, we can elicit the conclusions and implications that the roles and functions of child care centers as a significant base for parenting support in the local communities need to be considered. We also listen to the voices of stakeholders such as parents and staff of child care centers. Last but not least, we would understand the social role and importance of bringing up children by cooperation of the community members, and promote the role of child care centers as a central place providing and communicating information on child-rearing in the local communities.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.1-1
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• 2016

Many of the world's large ecosystems are severely stressed due to population growth, water quality and quantity problems, vulnerability to flood and drought, and the loss of native species and cultural resources. Consequences of climate change further increase uncertainties about the future. These major societal challenges must be addressed through innovations in governance, policy, and ways of implementing management strategies. Science and engineering play a critical role in helping define possible alternative futures that could be achieved and the possible consequences to economic development, quality of life, and sustainability of ecosystem services. Science has advanced rapidly during the past decade with the emergence of science communities coalescing around 'Grand Challenges' and the maturation of how these communities function has resulted in large interdisciplinary research networks. An example is the River Experiment Center of KICT that engages researchers from throughout Korea and the world. This trend has been complemented by major advances in sensor technologies and data synthesis to accelerate knowledge discovery. These factors combine to allow scientific debate to occur in a more open and transparent manner. The availability of information and improved communication of scientific and engineering issues is raising the level of dialogue at the science-policy interface. However, severe challenges persist since scientific discovery does not occur on the same timeframe as management actions, policy decisions or at the pace sometimes expected by elected officials. Common challenges include the need to make decisions in the face of considerable uncertainty, ensuring research results are actionable and preventing science being used by special interests to delay or obsfucate decisions. These challenges are explored in the context of examples from the United States, including the California Bay-Delta system. California transfers water from the wetter northern part of the state to the drier southern part of the state through the Central Valley Project since 1940 and this was supplemented by the State Water Project in 1973. The scale of these activities is remarkable: approximately two thirds of the population of Californians rely on water from the Delta, these waters also irrigate up to 45% of the fruits & vegetables produced in the US, and about 80% of California's commercial fishery species live in or migrate through the Bay-Delta. This Delta region is a global hotspot for biodiversity that provides habitat for over 700 species, but is also a hotspot for the loss of biodiversity with more than 25 species currently listed by the Endangered Species Act. Understanding the decline of the fragile ecosystem of the Bay-Delta system and the potential consequences to economic growth if water transfers are reduced for the environment, the California State Legislature passed landmark legislation in 2009 (CA Water Code SS 85054) that established "Coequal goals of providing a more reliable water supply for California and protecting, restoring, and enhancing the Delta ecosystem". The legislation also stated that "The coequal goals shall be achieved in a manner that protects and enhances the unique cultural, recreational, natural resource, and agricultural values of the Delta as an evolving place." The challenges of integrating policy, management and scientific research will be described through this and other international examples.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.337-350
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• 2019

The Gwangyang City of Jeonnam Province, is one of the steel cities representing the Korea. Gwangyang Steelworks are the core of the local economy, and 59 firms of POSCO Outsourcing Partner Cooperation(POSPA) have been employed 9,300 to 9,500 peoples, and have been acted as an central incubator for job creation. POSPA, however, are suffering from the retirement of company in young age group, in their 20s and 30s. The purpose of this study is to analyze potential job seekers' perceptions and job preferences for POSPA are suffering from job openings. In order to this research purpose, it used questionary survey, and sample groups were divided into three areas, the Eastern Jeonnam Province, Gwangju, and the Seoul metropolitan area. Potential job seekers' perceptions for POSPA was low, and perceptions on firm and job opportunity information was lower. This characteristics were the same as those of respondents living in eastern South Jeolla Province. Potential job seekers, however, showed high preference for finding job at POSPA. A place-based policy considering the local labor market is needed to resolve the mismatch between the difficulty of finding a labor and the difficulty of finding a job.

• Health Communication
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.97-110
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• 2017

Purpose: This study is an overview of the experiences of nurses who have participated in a communication education program which was designed to develop proper change-of-shift dialogues. The goal of this program was to improve the communication competencies of outgoing and incoming nurses during handover and takeover of their shifts. Methods: The materials used in this study to analyze the experiences qualitatively were transcripts from narrative interviews with seven nurse participants. The education program consisted of two rounds of change-of-shift simulations by pairs of nurses, planning of a forthcoming change-of-shift, three lectures on ideal dialogue patterns, and time for video feedback. Afterwards the participants' experiences of the program were evaluated generally, highlighting the positive and the negative aspects, and how this educational experiences might affect their future change-of-shift activities. Results: High practicability, originality, professionalism, and effectiveness were some of the positive assessments made by the nurse participants. In addition, they pointed out that the sample video in which two professors performed an ideal handover and takeover and the paper kardex were both quite unrealistic. The location of the change-of-shift simulation was also unfamiliar so it needed to be supplemented. However, most of the nurses took for granted that such a communication education program is necessary and that it will provide a substantial help in their future job performance. In this regard they recommended the program to all related hospitals and nursing schools. Conclusion: The results of this study could be applied to other forms of communication education programs regardless of the specific area where communication takes place.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.36
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• pp.45-73
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• 2018

In this paper, I examine how the voice of Simcheong is reproduced and the meaning of it by examining the reconstruction method and characteristics of . And I tried to explore the possibilities and directions of contents based on classical literature by exploring the way in which this text reintermediation, and recreates the narrative of . This work deals with the story of ShimChung, and sees the problematic aspects of ShimChung's sacrifice and death through the gaze of the surrounding people such as the Namkyeong merchant and Guideok's mother while excluding the central characters Shimcheong and Shimbongsa. In the process, the voice of Simcheong was discovered as a victim and social hit. And It connects this with the discourse of filial duty and virtuous woman which regulates the life of women in the patriarchal society and establishes the place of social public opinion about the life of the women of the Joseon era. In this way, is presented the possibility of a new interpretation of . Also readers and audiences of present-day have an opportunity to reconsider the 'sacrifice' of social subordinate based on deep understanding of .

• Toxicological Research
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2019

A major predictor of the efficacy of natural or synthetic cannabinoids is their binding affinity to the cannabinoid type I receptor ($CB_1$) in the central nervous system, as the main psychological effects of cannabinoids are achieved via binding to this receptor. Conventionally, receptor binding assays have been performed using isotopes, which are inconvenient owing to the effects of radioactivity. In the present study, the binding affinities of five cannabinoids for purified $CB_1$ were measured using a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique as a putative non-isotopic receptor binding assay. Results were compared with those of a radio-isotope-labeled receptor binding assay. The representative natural cannabinoid ${\Delta}^9$-tetrahydrocannabinol and four synthetic cannabinoids, JWH-015, JWH-210, RCS-4, and JWH-250, were assessed using both the SPR biosensor assay and the conventional isotopic receptor binding assay. The binding affinities of the test substances to $CB_1$ were determined to be (from highest to lowest) $9.52{\times}10^{-3}M$ (JWH-210), $6.54{\times}10^{-12}M$ (JWH-250), $1.56{\times}10^{-11}M$ (${\Delta}^9$-tetrahydrocannabinol), $2.75{\times}10^{-11}M$ (RCS-4), and $6.80{\times}10^{-11}M$ (JWH-015) using the non-isotopic method. Using the conventional isotopic receptor binding assay, the same order of affinities was observed. In conclusion, our results support the use of kinetic analysis via SPR in place of the isotopic receptor binding assay. To replace the receptor binding affinity assay with SPR techniques in routine assays, further studies for method validation will be needed in the future.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.40-45
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• 2018

The omnidirectional surveillance camera uses the object detection algorithm to level the object by unit so that broadband surveillance can be performed using a fisheye lens and then, it was a field experiment with a system composed of an omnidirectional surveillance camera and a tracking (PTZ) camera. The omnidirectional surveillance camera accurately detects the moving object, displays the squarely, and tracks it in close cooperation with the tracking camera. In the field test of flame detection and temperature of the sensing camera, when the flame is detected during the auto scan, the detection camera stops and the temperature is displayed by moving the corresponding spot part to the central part of the screen. It is also possible to measure the distance of the flame from the distance of 1.5 km, which exceeds the standard of calorific value of 1 km 2,340 kcal. In the performance test of detecting the flame along the distance, it is possible to be 1.5 km in width exceeding $56cm{\times}90cm$ at a distance of 1km, and so it is also adaptable to forest fire. The system is expected to be very useful for safety such as prevention of intrinsic or surrounding fire and intrusion monitoring if it is installed in a petroleum gas storage facility or a storing place for oil in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.15-21
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• 2021

This study studied the value of the spatial organization of the temple and the form of the garden located in the Seojang area in the southwestern regions of China. The value of the Lama temple was looked into by examining the relationship between Lamaism and Lama temple through the spatial organiz ation, building arrangement, and garden of temples that served as the center of history, culture, and politics of the time in the process of converging Buddhism introduced through China's central districts and India with folk beliefs in Seojang through the poor environment. To this end, the value of the space and garden of the Lama temple was derived through the representative Lama temples, Potala Temple, Norbulingka Temple, and Dazhao Temple. First, due to the unique environment in which ice caps and green areas coexist, the representative Lama temples in Seojang, Potala Temple, Norbulingka Temple, and Dazhao Temple, are widely distributed in the form of leaning against valleys and mountain ranges based on folk beliefs and Buddhism's Jatabuli(自他不二) and mandala. the target sites are largely divided into upper and lower spaces. Second, the target sites are largely divided into upper and lower spaces. Buildings for worship are located in the upper space, and spaces for practice and garden are located in the lower space. The garden existed in two main forms. Third, the garden existed in two main forms. Located in the center of the practice space, the garden had an ideal structure to plant bo tree to escape from the two false obsession and go to a world of truth that is with the Buddha behind the world through practice like Sakyamuni, and there was a garden around the temple where meditation and exchange took place. Evergreen coniferous forests are mainly planted in the forests.