• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.287-304
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• 2016

This study examines the influence of product classification standards and structure on user perception as well as their attitude towards online shopping sites. The causal relationships of variables are also examined. The analysis was based on an online survey with 247 responses. Four types of internet shopping sites were developed and used as a stimulus. The results of the mean comparison analysis indicated that perceived variety, information overload, perceived shopping value and attitude towards the site varies significantly with product classification standards and structure. There was also of a marginally significant interaction between the classification standard and structure on perceived variety and information overload. The causal relationship analysis revealed that perceived variety positively influenced hedonic and utilitarian shopping value. However, information overload had a negative effect on hedonic and utilitarian shopping value. Both the hedonic and utilitarian shopping value positively influenced attitudes towards the sites. This study demonstrates that classification method influences customer perception and attitude. It offers interesting insights on a product classification method as a strategic tool for online shopping.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.99-125
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• 2014

Internet environment and innovative ICT(information and communication technology) have brought about big changes to our lifestyle and industrial structure. In spite of the convenience of Internet, various cyber incidents such as malicious code infection, personal information leakage, smishing(sms + phishing), and pharming have frequently occurred. Information security must be recognized as a key and compulsory element for surviving in a global economy. Strategic roles of information security have recently been increasing, but effective implementation of information security is still a major challenge to organizations. Our study examines the influencing factors of information security and investigates the causal relationship between information security maturity level and organizational performance through an empirical survey. According to the results of our study, personal, organizational, technical, and social factors affect organizations's information security maturity level altogether. This result suggests that when dealing with security issues, the holistic and multi-disciplinary approaches should be required. In addition, there is a causal relationship between information security maturity level and organizational performance, and organizations aim to establish the efficient and effective ways to enhance information security maturity level on the basis of the results of this study.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1135-1149
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• 2008

The main purpose of this research was to examine a causal model concerning the direct and the indirect effect of family-of-origin functioning on psychological well-being through self-differentiation. The gender differences in the levels of the variables and the correlations among the variables were also examined. Participants were 587 female and 268 male students enrolled in nine different universities. The causal model was tested through structural equation model by using AMOS 8.0 program. The result showed that the levels of self-differentiation and psychological well-being were higher for males than for females, and that the three variables were positively associated to each other for both males and females. The result also indicated that male students' perception of family-of-origin functioning directly influenced their psychological well-being as well as indirectly through self-differentiation, while females' family-of-origin functioning had only a direct effect on their well-being. Results were discussed in terms of the applicability of self-differentiation to Korean college students and of the importance of family-of-origin functioning to improve students' mental health.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.141-149
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• 2008

This study aims to understand functional spaces within university dormitory, examine the influences of residential environment factors and personal characteristics on users' satisfaction through what parameters and probability among these parameters and seek improvement methods for dormitory users to live at dormitory as the best residential space through causal analysis of residential space uses at university dormitory based on such a probability. Research methods include theoretical research of architectural space characteristics of university dormitory facilities through literature survey, analysis of satisfaction with spaces and their uses through questionnaire and causal analysis of each residential environment factor after making route model using data obtained from the results of analysis. The results of this study are as follows. Factors affecting residents' satisfaction with cultural activities of residential environment factors are safety, territoriality, interior finishing and complexity and those affecting residents' educational activities are safety and amenity of space. Residential function space of university dormitory must have spatial planning that social activities including individual and small group culture and educational activities from the view of spatial territoriality and flexibility based on safety and amenity and facilities related to continuity and connection of common space and unit residential space should be decentralized rather than centralized.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.12
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• pp.15-35
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• 2001

This research aims to investigate the casual effects of not only the level of ethic awareness in general among internet users but also the level of internet skills on inadequate behaviors in cuber spaces. This research also try to develop the framework for the cyber ethic educational program in order to establishing adequate attitudes in cuber spaces. For accomplishing the purposes of this research, the data, 522, had been collected from both on-line and off-line. The major statistical methods for data analysis were frequency, factor analysis, multiple regression, and path analysis. The results of this casual effect analysis were as follows: 1. There were positive direct causal effects of sex, occupation, place for internet use, and internet skills on inadequate behaviors in cuber spaces. On the other hand, the negative casual effect of the awareness of legal ethics on inadequate behaviors in cuber spaces. 2. Such variables as sex, age, internet-related and the awareness of ethics in general had indirect causal effects on the inadequate behaviors in cuber spaces through the variable which is the awareness of cyber ethics. The implications of this findings were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.89-95
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to identify a causal relationship among green consumer behavior, environmental knowledge and environmental attitudes of students at the university of education. A total of 366 copies of questionnaires were used for the data analysis; 31 copies were excluded due to lack of response to any given question. To ensure the reliability and validity of the questions, technical statistics were performed, such as frequency, ratio, average, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis via SPSS 15.0, item-total correlation and the totality, and reliability analysis. A structural analysis was undertaken via AMOS 7.0 in a bootstrapping method in order to perform a path analysis among variables as well as to assess the suitability of the model. The findings of the study were led to the following conclusions: First, the causal model among green consumer behavior, environmental knowledge and environmental attitudes of students at the university of education is suitable to the empirical analysis on research variables. Second, the environmental attitudes of students at the university of education has a direct, positive effect on green consumer behavior. Third, the environmental knowledge of students at the university of education has an indirect, positive effect on green consumer behavior.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.23-39
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate empirically whether the expected effects of smart work in organizations were different between job types and positions. The development of information technology is demanding innovation of working style within the enterprise. There is a tendency to prefer the face-to-face working style in traditional organizations in the case of some positions or job types. However, many companies are carrying out smart work such as teleworking or telecommuting, flexible working time. But many companies still stick to their existing working methods. There is also the causal relationship between accepting attitudes toward smart work and expectation effects, depending on the position and the job types, even within the same organization. As a result of research, causal relationship analysis showed that the significant factors affecting productivity were teleworking and increasing work efficiency. The national social cost savings were influenced by the improvement of quality of life and flexible working hours. In order to activate communication within the organization, there was a positive effect on the increase of work efficiency. Only flexible working hours between the general manager and subordinates showed a significant difference.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.135-146
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• 2021

It is getting more intensified with the competition among participating companies for global market share in major industrial fields. The situation is accelerating especially within the top 5 market share, and these include electric vehicles, semiconductors, chemicals, and shipbuilding industries. The key to the advantage over the competition within a strategic group is which company leads the innovation in the field. On-the-ground innovation refers to job-based innovation. This paper aims to analyze job unit innovation in the structure of empowerment, LMX, and job crafting. Existing studies on job crafting have suggested a causal structure based on job design in the traditional sense, and there are not many scholars who study the causal structure using a job situational model. Therefore, this paper takes an approach from the perspective of the job situation. As a result of the study, LMX showed a moderating effect on the relationship between autonomy provision and job crafting. While, in the relationship between meaing-giving and cognitive crafting, there is no significant moderating effect shown on the relationship between autonomy provision and cognitive crafting. Therefore, the results of the analysis in this study suggest that the meaning of jobs and participation in decision-making should be managed in an integrated way in structural and design areas, not just qualitative factors such as empowerment and leadership.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.79-88
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of agricultural exports and imports on economic growth in Bangladesh and propose an upgraded and customized model of the supply chain for agribusiness growth in Bangladesh to achieve plain sailing and systematic operation and financial gains at home and abroad. Research design, data, and methodology: All data in the research have been collected from secondary sources. Gross domestic product was used as the dependent variable and exports and imports of agricultural products were used as independent variables. Pairwise Granger causality was utilized to see the impact of the variable responsible for the economic growth in Bangladesh and the causal relationship between the variables analyzed was measured using Johansen co-integration test. Results: From the empirical analysis, the researchers observed that agricultural commodity imports and exports have a unidirectional impact on economic growth in Bangladesh and a long-run causal link with economic growth in Bangladesh. The suggested supply chain model of agribusiness aids in achieving smooth operations, systematic management, and monetary gains both domestically and internationally. Conclusions: This paper contributes to the development of a more effective and profitable agribusiness supply chain in Bangladesh systematically through their theoretical and practical implications.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.97-104
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to measuring the causal relationships among food involvement, health, mood, convenience, sensory appeal, weight control and vegetable consumption. A total of 290 questionnaires were completed. Structural equation model was used to measure the causal relationships among constructs. Results of the study demonstrated that the structural analysis result for the data also indicated excellent model fit. The effects of food involvement on health, mood, convenience, sensory appeal, weight control and vegetable consumption were statistically significant. As expected, health, mood, sensory appeal and eight control had significant effects on vegetable consumption. Moreover, health, mood, convenience, sensory appeal and weight control played mediating roles in the relationship between food involvement and vegetable consumption. In conclusion, based on structural analysis, a model was proposed of interrelations among food involvement, health, mood, convenience, sensory appeal, weight control and vegetable consumption. It should be noted that the original vegetable consumption model was modified and should, preferably, be alidated in future research. Other variables, such as attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavior control, may be incorporated to form vegetable consumption models that consist of new antecedent and consequence pairs.