• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.797-806
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• 2012

Fault detection and isolation (FDI) algorithms provide fault monitoring methods in GPS measurement to isolate abnormal signals from the GPS satellites or the acquired signal in receiver. In order to monitor the occurred faults, FDI generates test statistics and decides the case that is beyond a designed threshold as a fault. For such problem of fault detection and isolation, this paper presents and evaluates position domain integrity monitoring methods by formulating various pseudorange prediction methods and investigating the resulting test statistics. In particular, precise measurements like carrier phase and Doppler rate are employed under the assumption of fault free carrier signal. The presented position domain algorithm contains the following process; first a common pseudorange prediction formula is defined with the proposed variations in pseudorange differential update. Next, a threshold computation is proposed with the test statistics distribution considering the elevation angle. Then, by examining the test statistics, fault detection and isolation is done for each satellite channel. To verify the performance, simulations using the presented fault detection methods are done for an ideal and real fault case, respectively.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.420-425
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• 2009

In this paper, image detection and recognition algorithms are studied with respect to embedded carrier system. There are many suggested techniques to detect and recognize objects. But they have the propensity to need much calculation for high hit rate. Advanced and modified method needs to study for embedded systems that low power consumption and real time response are requested. The proposed methods were implemented using Intel(R) Open Source Computer Vision Library provided by Intel Corporation. And they run and tested on embedded system using a ARM920T processor by cross-compiling. They showed 1.6sec response time and 95% hit rate and supported the automated moving carrier system smoothly.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.279-288
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• 2002

본 연구는 국내 홀스타인 젖소 보증종모우 16두와 후보종모우 93두를 이용하여 선천성 장애 유전자의 검색을 통하여 불량 유전자의 존재 유무를 판별함과 동시에 가축의 선발 및 육종, 개량시 기초자료로 제공하고자 하는데 그 목적이 있으며, 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. 공시재료(홀스타인 젖소 보증종모우 16두, 후보 종모우 93두) 109두에 대하여 DUMPS (deficiency of uridine monophophate synthase)의 검색결과 모든 개체에서 DUMPS 유전자를 보유하는 개체는 없는 것으로 판명되었다. 또한 PCR-RFLP(Ava I) 방법에 의해 조기 검색이 가능하게 되었다. 한편, BLAD(bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency) 검색결과, 보증종모우 16두에서는 검출되지 않았으나, 후보우 93두중 5두에서 BLAD 잠재성 보유개체(carrier)로 판명되었고, 혈통확인을 통하여 BLAD 유전자의 전이 경로를 추정할 수 있었으며, PCR 증폭산물에 대한 제한효소 처리시 HaeⅢ 보다는 TaqⅠ 제한효소를 사용하였을 때 더 효율적으로 판명할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. Citrullinemia 검색결과 보증종모우 16두 및 후보종모우 93두 모두에서 잠재성 보유개체는 없는 것으로 판명되었으나 citrullinemia에 대한 폭넓고 다양한 조사 및 분석이 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구의 결과로 미루어 볼 때 가축의 유전성 질환에 대한 다양하고 폭넓은 연구가 이루어 져야 할 것으로 사료되며, 가축의 선발과 육종, 개량에 있어서 지속적이며 혈통의 철저한 관리를 통한 개량의 방향을 설정하여야 할 것으로 판명되었다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2012

본 논문은 불완전한 채널 감지를 고려한 포화 상태에서의 IEEE 802.11 carrier-sense multiple access with collision-avoidance(CSMA/CA)의 성능을 분석한다. 불완전한 채널 감지는 missed-detection과 false alarm을 포함하는데, 이러한 불완전한 채널 감지가 IEEE 802.11의 성능에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 이를 수식적으로 표현한다. 물리 계층의 불완전한 채널 감지를 표현하기 위해, 본 논문에서는 기존의 2차원 마코프 프로세스 모델을 수정했다. 모의실험 결과와 제안된 모델의 이론적인 결과가 일치하는 것을 보였다. 이러한 실험 결과를 바탕으로, 감지 확률이 IEEE 802.11의 성능에 있어 가장 중요한 요소임을 확인하였다.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.85-95
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 VSB 수신기를 위한 반송파 위상 오차에 독립적인 심벌 타이밍 옵셋 추정 알고리즘을 제안한다. 심벌 타이밍 옵셋 추정에 대표적인 알고리즘인 가드너 방법은 반송파 위상 옵셋이 포함된 VSB 수신기에서는 타이밍 옵셋을 추정할 수 없다. 본 논문에 서는 수신신호의 공액 곱 연산을 통하여 신호의 스펙트럼을 확장하고 반송파 위상 옵셋을 상쇄 하였고, 그 후 가드너 알고리즘을 통하여 인접 스펙트럼 간의 중복부분을 발생시켜, 타이밍 옵셋을 추정하는 방식을 연구하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과, 제안하는 알고리즘은 VSB 수신기에서 반송파 위상 오차에 영향을 받지 않고, 정확하게 타이밍 옵셋을 추정할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.391-391
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• 2016

The carrier transport is a key factor that determines the device performances of semiconductor devices such as solar cells and transistors [1]. Particularly, devices composed of in amorphous semiconductors, the transport is often restricted by carrier trapping, associated with various defects. So far, the trapping has been studied for as-grown films at room temperature; however it has not been studied during growth under plasma processing. Here, we demonstrate the detection of trapped carriers in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) films during plasma processing, and discuss the carrier trapping and defect kinetics. Using an optically pump-probe technique, we detected the trapped carriers (electrons) in an a-Si:H films during growth by a hydrogen diluted silane discharge [2]. A device-grade intrinsic a-Si:H film growing on a glass substrate was illuminated with pump and probe light. The pump induced the photocurrent, whereas the pulsed probe induced an increment in the photocurrent. The photocurrent and its increment were separately measured using a lock-in technique. Because the increment in the photocurrent originates from emission of trapped carriers, and therefore the trapped carrier density was determined from this increment under the assumption of carrier generation and recombination dynamics [2]. We found that the trapped carrier density in device grade intrinsic a-Si:H was the order of 1e17 to 1e18 cm-3. It was highly dependent on the growth conditions, particularly on the growth temperature. At 473K, the trapped carrier density was minimized. Interestingly, the detected trapped carriers were homogeneously distributed in the direction of film growth, and they were decreased once the film growth was terminated by turning off the discharge.

• Korean Journal of Geomatics
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.129-140
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• 2004

This paper addresses solutions th the challenges of carrier phase integer ambiguity resolution and cycle slip detection/identification, for maintaining high accuracy of an integrated GPS/Pseudolite/INS system. Such a hybrid positioning and navigation system is an augmentation of standard GPS/INS systems in localized areas. To achieve the goal of high accuracy, the carrier phase measurements with correctly estimated integer ambiguities must be utilized to update the system integration filter's states. The contribution presents an effective approach to increase the reliability and speed of integer ambiguity resolution through using pseudolite and INS measurements, with special emphasis on reducing the ambiguity search space. In addition, an algorithm which can effectively detect and correct the cycle slips is described as well. The algorithm utilizes additional position information provided by the INS, and applies a statistical technique known as th cumulative-sun (CUSUM) test that is very sensitive to abrupt changes of mean values. Results of simulation studies and field tests indicate that the algorithms are performed pretty well, so that the accuracy and performance of the integrated system can be maintained, even if cycle slips exist in the raw GPS measurements.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.275-285
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• 2015

To improve the efficiency of carrier sense multiple access (CSMA)-based medium access control (MAC) protocols, CSMA with collision resolution (CSMA/CR) has been proposed. In the CSMA/CR, a transmitting station can detect a collision by employing additional sensing after the start of a data transmission and then resolve the next collision that might occur by broadcasting a jam signal during a collision detection (CD) period. In this paper, we analyze the delay of a CSMA/CR based on a generic p- persistent CSMA model and obtain the minimum achievable delay of the CSMA/CR by finding the optimal length of the CD period according to the number of contending stations. Through this delay analysis, we also investigate the throughput-delay characteristics of the CSMA/CR protocol according to various parameters. Analysis and simulation results show that the CSMA/CR has a considerably lower delay and its throughput-delay characteristic is significantly improved than the conventional CSMA/CA and wireless CSMA/CD protocols.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.91-107
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• 2003

A 2-dimensional search process in the time and frequency domain is required to acquire the GPS signal, when the code phase and the carrier Doppler for the specified GPS satellite signal are unknown. This paper proposes a new scheme, called Squared-D Searching Method, which can reduce the number of carrier frequency candidates, and a new scheme, named extended Multiple Correlator(XMC), which can reduce the number of code phase candidates. The Squared-D Searching Method can take the twice of Doppler frequency, therefore it can find carrier frequency candidates. The XMC is different from the general multiple correlator in that a combined form of the locally generated codes is used for despreading. Also, this paper tries to analyze a signal detection probability of a GPS receiver under more realistic environments. The result shows that lower detection probability can be obtained when the phase differences among the codes are larger in the correlation arms of a multiple correlator. This phenomenon is not easy to explain with the previous results. And besides, the result shows that proposed acquisition schemes give better performance than a conventional acquisition scheme.

• 한국측량학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국측량학회 2004년도 Korea-Russia Joint Conference on Geometics
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• pp.82-94
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• 2004

This paper addresses solutions to the challenges of carrier phase integer ambiguity resolution and cycle slip detection/identification, for maintaining high accuracy of an integrated GPS/Pseudolite/INS system. Such a hybrid positioning and navigation system is an augmentation of standard GPS/INS systems in localized areas. To achieve the goal of high accuracy, the carrier phase measurements with correctly estimated integer ambiguities must be utilized to update the system integration filter's states. The occurrence of a cycle slip that is undetected is, however, can significantly degrade the filter's performance. This contribution presents an effective approach to increase the reliability and speed of integer ambiguity resolution through using pseudolite and INS measurements, with special emphasis on reducing the ambiguity search space. In addition, an algorithm which can effectively detect and correct the cycle slips is described as well. The algorithm utilizes additional position information provided by the INS, and applies a statistical technique known as the cumulative-sum (CUSUM) test that is very sensitive to abrupt changes of mean values. Results of simulation studies and field tests indicate that the algorithms are performed pretty well, so that the accuracy and performance of the integrated system can be maintained, even if cycle slips exist in the raw GPS measurements.