• Health Policy and Management
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.325-332
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• 2016

Background: Workplace violence was recognized to be social problems that might impact the health status and the job satisfaction of employee in hospitals. This study investigated the current status of violence and job stress among hospital employees working at administration and discharging department. Methods: The study subjects were 213 administrative employees working at 20 general hospitals. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaire that included information such as demographics, job-related characteristics, experience of violence, and job stress. The violence was classified as verbal violence, physical threat, and physical violence occurred by patients and caregivers. Analysis of variance, t-tests, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to examine the associated factors with job stress. Results: The levels of verbal violence, physical threat, and physical violence were $1.64{\pm}1.08$, $0.54{\pm}0.67$, and $0.04{\pm}0.17$, respectively. The score of job stress was $2.74{\pm}0.50$ and it was associated with age, existence of spouse, drinking frequency, subjective health status, disease history, night-time treatment, and public health administration career in simple analysis. In multiple linear regression analysis, the level of verbal violence experience was significantly associated with job stress (B=0.09, p=0.001). Also physical threats (B=0.18, p<0.001) and physical violence (B=0.48, p=0.008) showed positive association with job stress. Conclusion: This study attempted to examine the association between experience of violence and job stress in administrative employees at medical institutions. Levels of violence showed positive correlation with the job stress. Environment improvement to protect employee from violence and management of employees who experienced workplace violence are needed to reduce the job stress.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between noise awareness, hearing ability, and dental hygiene performance in dental hygienists. Methods: The subjects were 234 dental hygienists in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Incheon. The questionnaire consisted of 3 questions of general characteristics of the subjects, 1 question of noise awareness, 3 questions of hearing ability, 5 questions of dental hygiene performance, 1 question of noise reduction necessity, and 2 questions of noise control. Noise awareness, dental hygiene performance, and noise reduction necessity were measured by Likert 5 scale. Cronbach's alpha was 0.825 in dental hygiene performance reliability. Results: There was a significant difference in noise recognition by age(p<0.01) and working career(p<0.05). Those who pumped up the higher TV volume accounted for 31.6% and 3.0% had hearing impairment in the regular health checkup. 3.4% of the respondents complained of hearing loss, ear fluid, and equilibrium problem diagnosed by the doctors. The relationship between the type of workplace environment and task performance showed a significant difference. Those who work in the dental hospitals had high score of 3.43, while those who work in dental clinics had 3.20(p<0.05). The increased level of noise recognition affected the task performance and it is necessary to reduce the noise level. More try must be focused on the noise exposure prevention. Conclusions: In order to reduce the problems due to noise and improve their quality of life, it is necessary to change the noise recognition in the work place.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.61-70
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• 2000

To survive in the highly competitive environment, a vocational education institution must offer its students an attractive system of competency based vocational education. A first-term freshman at university and college should also be allowed to adjust the course selection Early exposure within one or more fields of study creates a high level of enthusiasm which helps students maintain their motivation. It also helps students decide if course selection is right for career choice and they should be provided a large number of diverse occupational opportunities later In this paper, we discuss how to activate the vocational education. Also we developed vocational guidance program for course selection through the subject for vocational guidance and the learning map for learning plan. This program was assessed through the survey on opinions of freshman.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.358-368
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• 2011

The aims of this article are to examine the basic law, contents and concept of counselling work for healthy family and provide the jobs and competency of healthy family supporter for counselling work. The research objects are 48 healthy family supporters for counselling work inclusive of full-time and part-time position. They are analyzed through the survey using questionnaire made by ministry of women and family and headquarter of healthy family support centers. The process of research consists of two parts. One is to suggest their jobs and requirements, the other is to offer their core competency and area for improvement. First, the jobs of healthy family supporters for counselling work are planning, performance and valuation consist of 29 items. A publicity activity of them is the work strengthened strategically. The requirements for the performance of their duties are having a master's degree, career for 3years, and a certificate of qualification of family counselor, healthy family supporters and social worker. Second, their competencies are understanding of the characteristic and life cycle of family, family law, education of family life, ability of documentation, data analysis, sensitivity of the change of family, society and environment, ability of solving the problem, attitude of the dignity of man, positiveness and so on.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.475-488
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• 2015

Economic activity and social participation by women has recently increased; however, working mothers raising young children are under new stress due to the simultaneous combination of job and parenting responsibilities. This stress has resulted in social problems of career break and low fertility. This study investigates the effect of clinical art therapy on occupational stress and parenting stress of working mothers. We analyzed 34 working mothers in full-time employment (over 8 hours a day) who have preschool children (0-6 years old). They were divided into 17 subjects in the experimental group and 17 subjects in the control group. For the experimental group, 10 hours and a half sessions of group art therapy were participated in once a week from April to August in 2014. We perform Dan Occupational Stress Index by Ivancevich and Matteson, Parenting Stress Index/Short Form and salivary cortisol test before and after the group art therapy. For qualitative analysis, Kinetic House-Tree-Person (KHTP) drawing test was used. Using SPSS ver. 19.0, paired t -test or Wilcoxon signed rank test compared the pre and post analysis results. The results of this study are as follows. First, scores of 'occupational stress factor' subpart showed significant improvement in the Occupational Stress Index after the clinical art therapy. Second, scores of 'parental distress,' 'parent-child dysfunctional interaction,' and 'difficult child' subpart in Parenting Stress Index also showed a significant improvement. Third, a positive change was observed after the clinical art therapy in the KHTP drawing test. In conclusion, this study suggests that the clinical art therapy can be effective for occupational stress factors and the parenting stress of working mothers.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.130-139
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• 2019

This study identified the level of task stress experienced by fire protection system management workers and analyzed the effects of task stress on job satisfaction and proposed future response. First, task stress according to background cause showed differences in relation to age, position, monthly salary, total career, license, and task, but there was no difference in relation to academic background. Second, of the sub-parameters of stress, physical environment, task demand, organizational system, lack of reward, and workplace culture have negative effects on job satisfaction as stress increases, while interpersonal relation conflict and job insecurity do not have any effect. In the future, it will be necessary to investigate the empirical causes of work overload and to study organization-level stress relief measures.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.311-320
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• 2014

This study attempted to find out the moderating effects of ego-resilience in the relationship between soldier's military stress and military adjustment. The datas were collected from 321 soldier of military from questionaries in October, 2013. The results were as follows. The soldier level and academic career had no impact on the military adjustment. Military stresses of soldier had greater impact on the military adjustment than other factors. Ego-resilience also had positive impact on the military adjustment. This study demonstrated that ego-resilience of soldier had moderating effect in the relationship between military stress and military adjustment. This study verified that to improve the capability of military adjustment of soldier it is as important to attention soldier's inside thing, ego-resilience as environment things. Finally, the authors remarked the limits of this study and the suggestions for the further research directions.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.35-43
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• 2007

This study aims at providing some basic material to be made use of for establishing plans through which one can reduce job-related stress, through conducting a survey on the sources of stress and then distinguishing its symptoms by the sources. As the methods of the study, we conducted a questionnaire survey of some selected medium enterprises' employees in the National Capital region and analysed the results. The questionnaire was designed by using the dynamic stress model of Cooper and Eaker and consisted of 85 questions to examine the sources of stress, the characteristics of personalities, and symptoms by each type of stress. The total valid respondents were 392 persons indicating 65.3% of the response rate. For analysing the results, a rating scale was used, and the reliability and validity were tested by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. As the result of the study, those workers in medium enterprises were found to be put under much stress by responsibility, physical environment factors and career development factors and so on. As physical symptoms of job-related stress, eye fatigue, stiffness in their shoulders, headache, worry or anxiety, and waist ache presented most in the respondents. In addition, as behavioral symptoms, chronic fatigue was most indicated. In organizational symptoms, dissatisfaction about the company and lack of self-motivation for the job performance were found to show most. Moreover, the results indicated that the closer personalities to those appearing in persons mostly of type A they had, the more they were put under intensive stress by the vagueness of their roles and responsibility among all the job characteristics.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.327-334
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was done to examine the awareness and management practice of operating room nurses, to prevent nosocomial infection, to identify problems and to propose solutions. Method: The research tools used were the hospital infection control guideline and a modified version of the measurment tools used in the study of Cho (1998). The questionnaire consisted of questions on hand washing, personal hygiene and clothes control, cleaning and environment control, sterilizing supplies and disposal of contaminated materials. The collected data were analysed with the SPSS program. Results: The mean score for domain-specific awareness of nosocomial infection control was 4.81 out of a possible 5 points. The highest score was for sterilizing supplies and disposal of contaminated materials. The mean score for domain-specific practices of nosocomial infection control was 4.40, out of a possible 5 points. Sterilizing supplies and disposal of contaminated materials had the highest scores. The mean score for awareness in all domains was higher than mean score for practice. Among the general characteristics of the nurses, high awareness was found only in the provision of infection control guidelines and it had shown statistically significant difference. Examination of relation of general characteristics to practice showed that for age, career, the provision of infection control guidelines, and experience in infection control education there were statistically significant differences in the scores. For the relation between awareness of nosocomial infection control and practice, positive correlation was found in all domains, thus high awareness leads to high practice. Conclusion: Considering the result of this research, plans are needed that promote virtual practice of hospital infection control.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.479-490
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• 2014

In this study, we investigated the characteristics of the reading materials in the elementary school science textbooks in order to obtain implications for the effective use of them. The reading materials in the elementary school science textbooks developed under the 7th and the 2007 revised National Science Curricula were analyzed. The criteria for classifying the reading materials were the type of theme, purpose, students' activity, the type of presentation, the type of images, the role of images, and readability. The results indicated that the reading materials in the 2007 revised science textbooks are more systematic than those in the 7th science textbooks in terms of their length and their distribution among energy, matter, life, and earth areas. It was also found that various types of reading materials are presented in the 2007 revised science textbooks covering new themes such as frontier science, job opportunity and career, and environment. In addition, the reading materials in the 2007 revised science textbooks introduce more visual images and the readability of them are also better than their counterpart. However, several limitations were still found to exist in the reading materials of the 2007 revised textbooks; most of them are non-inquiry and explanatory; most of the visual images are illustration and/or pictures. Educational implications are discussed.