• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.139-149
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• 2013

Anthropogenic increases in greenhouse gas concentrations, primarily through radiative forcing from carbon dioxide, continue to challenge earth's climate. This study quantified $CO_2$ storage and uptake by dominant forest types and age classes in the middle region of Korea. In addition, the role of forest landscapes in reducing atmospheric $CO_2$ against $CO_2$ emissions based on energy consumption was evaluated. Mean $CO_2$ storage and uptake per unit area by woody plants for three forest types and four age classes were estimated applying regression equations derived to quantify $CO_2$ storage and uptake per tree; and computations per soil unit area were also performed. Total $CO_2$ storage and uptake by forest landscapes were estimated by extrapolating $CO_2$ storage and uptake per unit area. Results indicated mean $CO_2$ storage per unit area by woody plants and soils was higher in older age classes for the same forest types, and higher in broadleaved than coniferous forests for the same age classes, with the exception of age class II (11-20 years). $CO_2$ storage by broadleaved forests of age class V (41-50 years) averaged 662.0 t/ha (US$331.0 hundred/ha), highest for all forest types and age classes evaluated. Overall, an increased mean $CO_2$ uptake per unit area by woody plants was evident for older age classes for the same forest types. However, decreased $CO_2$ uptake by broadleaved forests at age class V was observed, compared to classes III and IV with an average of 27.9 t/ha/yr (US$14.0 hundred/ha/yr). Total $CO_2$ storage by woody plants and soils in the study area was equivalent to 3.4 times the annual $CO_2$ emissions, and woody plants annually offset the $CO_2$ emissions by 17.7%. The important roles of plants and soils were associated with 39.1% of total forest area in South Korea, and $CO_2$ emissions comprised 62.2% of the total population. Therefore, development of forest lands may change $CO_2$ sinks into sources. Forest landscape management strategies were explored to maintain or improve forest roles in reducing atmospheric $CO_2$ levels.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.111-115
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• 2005

화석연료소비로 인하여 대기 중의 온실가스농도가 계속해서 증가하고 있는 추세이며, 이에 따른 기상이변, 생물다양성감소와 해수면 상승등 예상치 못한 기후 변동이 계속 발생하고 있다. 본 기술논문에서는 온실가스의 대부분을 차지하는 $CO_2$를 심해양(2,000 m이상)에 친환경적으로 처리하는 기술(심해분사법, 해저저류법, 해저지중처리법)에 대해 비교연구를 수행하였다. 뿐만아니라 $CO_2$ 처리기술의 유효성 평가, $CO_2$ 처리기술의 환경영향 평가기술, $CO_2$ 해양처리에 관한 국제법적, 사회적 수용여부와 국내 연구방향 및 기대효과등에 관하여 논하였다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 CBM의 1차 생산뿐 아니라 $CO_2$나 $N_2$ 주입을 통한 ECBM, 혹은 지중저장을 목적으로 석탄층에 $CO_2$를 주입할 때 발생할 수 있는 암체의 부피변화 영향을 고려하여 기존의 Langmuir 흡착 관계식을 개선하였다. 본 모델의 검증을 위해 $CO_2$나 $CH_4$, $N_2$의 단일성분 흡착실험 데이터에 기존 Langmuir 모델값과 본 모델의 결과값을 비교하였다. 그 결과, 기존 모델에서는 흡착용량이 큰 석탄일수록, 흡착친화도가 큰 가스일수록 실험값과 모델값 사이의 오차가 커지는 경향이 나타났지만 본 모델에서는 모든 조건에서 실험결과를 잘 묘사하였고 본 모델을 통해 예측한 부피변형률 역시 실험값과 유사함을 확인하였다. 이렇게 개선된 단일성분 흡착모델을 혼합가스의 흡착모델인 IAS 모델에 적용하여 부피변화가 고려된 IAS모델로 개선하였다. 그 결과 혼합가스에 대한 흡착거동 역시 기존 모델에 비해 정확도를 높였고 이는 Hall 등(1994)이 수행한 혼합가스의 흡착실험결과와의 매칭을 통해 확인하였다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.477-483
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• 2011

Climate changes and environmental pollution problems are continuing every year. In Korea, the carbon dioxide(CO2) emissions by the transport sector reached around 20% of pollution. Many countries are enforcing the pollution-control policy. Korean government has introduced the modal shift grants as well as in other countries. In case of nation's transportation plan, the policy basis of green distribution is emphasized. However, the shipper and logistics company have low interests in the modal shift as the massive transportation system. The purpose of this paper is that I studied the policy alternatives for the modal shift of foreign railways., And also I studied the difficult problems at altering the railway freight from domestic road freight and I suggested the alternatives of modal shift to solve those problems.

• 한국생물환경조절학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물환경조절학회 2005년도 세계의 친환경 시설원에 기술동향 및 춘계 국제학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.100-104
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• 2005

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.178-186
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• 2017

Air travel has become an essential part of the global society and its sustainable development is expected. Airlines profit structure and network operation will be influenced by internalization of external costs like emission charge. This additional cost of the airlines will be directly pose air ticket fare increase and demand of air passenger will be decreased. EU-ETS is a part of environmental binding to airlines fly to EU territory airports. This study analyzes the impact of emission charges by application of EU-ETS on airlines network change. For long-term forecast, a reliable estimation of the future price of carbon dioxide (CO2) will be used.

• 한국유기농업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국유기농학회 2009년도 상반기 학술대회
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• pp.343-366
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• 2009

Biogas can be generated out of a variety of organic substances and is suitable for different utilizations. It is very efficient in technical application and has a good balance between energy input and output (1 : 7). Moreover there is a great reduction of carbon dioxide (6 - 7 t $CO_2$/ ha). By means of biogas energy can be produced locally and allows maximum energy utilization. Therefore in the next years biogas will become more important in Germany, also for the scientific research area. In the future we have to deal with questions about the improvement of efficiency of the biogas process intensified.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.724-732
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• 2012

The microchannel evaporator with louver fin using carbon dioxide are analyzed according to the frost growth. To predict the performance of microchannel evaporator with the frost growth under low temperature, the simulation condition of previous studies was applied. As a result, the frost thickness increases and its increasing rate is reduced when the operating time increases. Frost thickness increases gradually below the quality of 0.74, and then it decreases rapidly. In addition, the frost growth of present model under same surface temperature is very similar trends with Moallem's test results. In case of low temperature application, the dimensionless frost thickness increases dramatically and it is about 0.86 after 10 minutes.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.2813-2816
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• 2011

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1406-1409
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• 2003

There is a great demand for reducing the amount of material used in mass-produced plastics parts, for material cost constitutes a large percentage of the total cost of 60%. It may be noted that the price of plastics is directly rotated to the price of petroleum. Material reduction therefore decreases the amount of oil needed for the manufacture of plastics and thus help conserve this natural resource. Therefore microcellular foaming process(MCPs) was studied for solving this problems alternatively in 1980's at M.I.T Until now in MCPs carbon dioxide gas was mainly used for microcellular foaming. Besides, Talc was used for reducing the price of plastics. Consequently, we must certificate using the Talc in MCPs according to contents of the Talc.