• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.323-329
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• 2008

The feeding, clearance rate, ingestion rate and body composition of Jicon scallop, Chlamys farreri was investigated under combination in water temperature (24, 27, 30$^{\circ}C$) with salinity (24, 27, 30 %o). The Maximum feeding, Clearance rate showed 8.88 L h$^{-1}$ g$^{-1}$ and 25.42 $\times$ 10$^7$ cells h$^{-1}$ g$^{-1}$ under the experiment condition of 24$^{\circ}C$ and 30%o. While, the minimum feeding, clearance rate and ingestion rate were 0.15 L h$^{-1}$ g$^{-1}$ and 0.73 $\times$ 10$^7$ cells h$^{-1}$ g$^{-1}$ under the experiment condition of 30$^{\circ}C$ and 24%o, respectively. It was indicated that body composition of C. farreri were affected by water temperature and salinity.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.147-164
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• 2009

Objectives : We investigated the effects of Sopungsungi-won(Shu!engshunqiyuan) (SSEx1, SSEx2) to treat the metabolic syndrome by the molecular mechanism of regulation of PPAR and modulation of mitochondrial MCAD, VLCAD mRNA expression. Methods : Mouse NMu2Li liver cells and C2C12 skeletal muscle myogenic progenital cells were transiently transfected with expression plasmids for PPAR(PPAR${\alpha}$, PPAR${\delta}$), a luciferase reporter gene construct containing 3 copies of the PPRE from the rat acyl-CoA oxidase gene and ${\beta}$-galactosidase gene. Cells were treated with several concentrated kinds of SSEx1, SSEx2 at the initial time of culture and analyzed PPAR${\alpha}$, PPAR${\delta}$ reporter gene activity using spectrophotometer (405 nm). Total RNA was extracted from SSEx1, SSEx2 and measured mRNA levels of mitochondrial MCAD, VLCAD. Representative RT-PCR bands are shown. Results : 1. SSEx1 increased the expression of PPAR${\alpha}$ reporter gene activities at 0.1 ${\mu}$g/ml (p${\mu}$g/ml (p<0.05), SSEx2 at 0.1 ${\mu}$g/ml (p${\mu}$g/ml (p<0.05) significantly in NMu2Li liver cell lines. 2. SSEx1 increased the expression of PPAR${\alpha}$ reporter gene activities at 1 ${\mu}$g/ml (p${\mu}$g/ml (p${\alpha}$ reporter gene activities in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. 4. SSEx1 increased the modulation of mitochondrial MCAD mRNA expression (p<0.05) significantly in NMu2Li liver cell lines. 5. SSEx1, SSEx2 both increased the modulation of mitochondrial MCAD mRNA expression (p<0.05) significantly in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. Conclusions : These results show the SSEx1, SSEx2 can be used as therapeutic agent for metabolic syndrome and it's molecular mechanisms of PPAR more contribute to the activation of PPAR${\alpha}$ then PPAR${\delta}$ reporter gene activities and it's total RNA more contribute to the modulation of mitochondrial MCAD then VLCAD mRNA expression.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.418-427
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• 1997

The effect of $La_2O_3$ as a dopant on the microstructure structure, crystal structure and electrical properties was studied. $0.05Pb(Sn_{0.5}Sb_{0.5})O_3＋0.11PbTiO_3＋0.84PbZroO_3＋0.4Wt%MnO_2$ (=0.05PSS ＋0.11PT＋0.84PZ+0.4wt%$MnO_2$) systems doped with 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1, 3, 5 mole% $La_2O_3$ were fabricated and investigated sintering density, crystal structure and micro-structure. The sintered 0.05PSS＋0.11PT＋0.84PZ+0.4wt%$MnO_2$ system doped with $La_2O_3$showed sintering density of the range of 7.683 g/㎤ of 0 mole% doping to 7.815 g/㎤ of 0 mole% doping. The average grain sizes in the range of 0 to 5 mole% $La_2O_3$were decreased from 9.0 $\mu\textrm{m}$ to 1.3 $\mu\textrm{m}$. X-ray diffraction investigation of sintered bodies showed that solid solutions were formed between 0.05PSS＋0.11PT＋0.84PZ+0.4wt%$MnO_2$ system and $La_2O_3$ in the range of 0 to 1 mole% but second phases were formed in case of 3, 5 mole%. Dielectric constants at 1 kHz were increased with 0 to 3 mlole% $La_2O_3$ before and after poling at the condition of 5 $KV_{DC}$/mm at $120^{\circ}C$ or $140^{\circ}C$ during 20 minutes. All Dielectric losses at 1 kHz were less than 1%, Curie temperatures were $208^{\circ}C$, $183^{\circ}C$, $152^{\circ}C$ and $127^{\circ}C$ at 0, 0.5, 1, 3 mole% $La_2O_3$ respectively. The values of $K_p$ were increased from 0 to 3 mole% $La_2O_3$ after poling at condition of 5 $KV_{DC}$mm at the condition of $120^{\circ}C$ or $140^{\circ}C$. The case of 0.7 mole% $La_2O_3$doped 0.05PSS＋0.11PT＋0.84PZ+0.4wt%$MnO_2$ system showed $K_p$ of 14.5% by poling at $140^{\circ}C$ during 20 minutes.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.127-135
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• 1990

Characteristics of the sol-gel derived (Ba1-xPbx)TiO3 powders are compared with those of powders prepared by the calcining ofmixed oxides method (CMO) and molten salt synthesis method(MSS). The sol-gel derived powder has a higher surface area (50$m^2$/g) than those of CMO(3.8$m^2$/g) and MSS(11.5$m^2$/g) derived powders. In the sol-gel method, the (Ba1-xPbx)TiO3 was synthesized at $600^{\circ}C$ for 1hr, indicating that this method has a crystalline temperature 20$0^{\circ}C$-30$0^{\circ}C$ lowr than those of the CMO and MSS methods.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.07a
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• pp.1152-1153
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 Ketjen black을 이용한 DSCs (Dye-sensitized solar cells)용 다공질의 $TiO_2$ nano-powder 제작기술을 제안한다. $TiO_2$ powder는 sol-gel법에 의해 Ti-isopropoxide와 2-propanol을 사용하여 제작되었으며, Ketjen black의 함량(0g$\sim$2g)을 달리하여 제작된 $TiO_2$ nano-powder의 다공성과 입자의 크기, 결정성등의 특성을 고찰하였다. 또한 이러한 $TiO_2$ powder를 paste로 만들어 다른 열처리 온도($100^{\circ}C{\sim}600^{\circ}C$)에서 $TiO_2$ 박막을 이용한 DSCs를 제작한 후 그 효율을 측정하였다. 그 결과 Ketjen black 1g을 함유시켜 만들어진 $TiO_2$ powder의 다공성과 입자 크기가 가장 우수한 것으로 FE-SEM의 측정결과 나타났으며, 500$^{\circ}C$의 열처리 공정을 거쳐 제작된 셀의 효율이 가장 높은 효율인 5.46%를 나타내고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.4 no.2 s.10
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• pp.27-32
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• 2000

In this study, $Mn_3O_4$ was synthesized by the different equivalent ratios using solution of $MnCL_2 {\cdot} 4H_2O$ and NaOH. We have investigated the crystal structure and surface area by XRD, BET Method, studied on the decompositon and adsorption of carbon dioxide with synthesized $Mn_3O_4$. As the results, we surveyed that main peak was $Mn_3O_4$, some Peaks were $MnO_2$ and $Mn_5O_8$ The specific surface area was ranged from $13.92m^2/g$ to $32.33m^2/g$. The decomposition of $CO_2$ was observed by the differential equivalent ratios at $450^{\circ}C$. $CO_2$ was well decomposed at equivalent ratio of 0.75. The amount of chemisorption of $CO_2$ was ranged from 2.885 to 19.628cc/g. Optimal equivalent ratio was 1.00 for the chemisorption of $CO_2$.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.219-225
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• 2017

An aqueous chlorine dioxide ($ClO_2$) treatment combined with highly activated calcium oxide (CaO) and mild heat was tested for inactivating naturally existing bacteria and Escherichia coli O157:H7 inoculated on fresh-cut kale. Kale samples were treated with different concentrations of $ClO_2$ (10, 30, and 50 ppm), CaO (0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2%), and mild heat ($25^{\circ}C$, $45^{\circ}C$, $55^{\circ}C$, and $65^{\circ}C$) as well with combinations of 30 or 50 ppm $ClO_2$ and 0.2% CaO at $55^{\circ}C$ for 3 min. An increasing concentration of $ClO_2$ and CaO significantly reduced the microbial population compared with the control. In addition, mild heating at $55^{\circ}C$ elicited greater microbial reduction than the other temperatures. A combined treatment of 50 ppm $ClO_2$ and 0.2% CaO at $55^{\circ}C$ reduced the population of naturally existing bacteria on kale by 3.10 log colony forming units (CFU)/g, and the counts of E. coli O157:H7 were below the detection limit (1 log CFU/g). In addition, no significant differences in the Hunter color values were evident in any treatment during storage. Therefore, a combined treatment of $ClO_2$ and active CaO at $55^{\circ}C$ can be an effective sanitizing method to improve the microbiological safety of fresh-cut kale without affecting its quality.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.77-80
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• 1986

Radiochemical synthesis of $N^{G}$-mono［$^{14}$ C-methyl］-L-arginine is described. The compound was synthesized from radio-active mono［$^{14}$ C］-methylamine as easily and purified by strong cation-exchange resin (NH form) liquid chromatography using a gradient of ammonium hydroxide, and crystallized as flavianate. The free amino acid was successfully prepared by strirring its flavianate and strong anion-exchange resin (OH- form), which could remove the flavianic acid from its salt in water below room temperature. Purity of the compound was tested by thin-layer chromatography, thin-layer electro-phoresis, and scintillation spectrometry.y.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.138-143
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• 1997

The crystal structure of isoimperatorin, f-[(3-methyl-2-butenyl)oxy]-7H-furo[3,2-g][1] benzopyran-7-one, has been determined from single crystal x-ray diffraction study; C16H14O4, Monoclinic, P21/c, a=8.865(1) Å, b=9.331(1) Å, c=16.156(1) Å, β=98.12(1)', V=1322.9(2) Å3, T=293(2)K, z=4, Cu Kα(λ=1.5418 Å). The structure was solved by direct method and refined by full-matrix least squares to a final R=5.72% for 1922 unique observed Fo>4o(F0) reflections and 182 parameters.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.701-704
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• 2001

The dielectric and sintering properties of LaAlO$_3$ceramics synthesised with La$_2$O$_3$-Al$_2$O$_3$(LAO) and La$_2$O$_3$-Al(OH)$_3$(LAH) were investigated. In case of LAH samples, a single phase of LaAlO$_3$powders was formed at 100$0^{\circ}C$, density of the ceramics sintered at 140$0^{\circ}C$ was 6.41g/㎤, and the dielectric constant and loss were 22.4 and 0.003, respectively. In case of LAO samples, a single phase of LaAlO$_3$powders was formed at 130$0^{\circ}C$, density of the ceramics sintered at 150$0^{\circ}C$ was 6.35g/㎤, and the dielectric constant and loss were 22.16 and 0.009, respectively.