• 제목/요약/키워드: C(t)-integral

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플라스틱 IC 패키지의 습열 파괴 해석 (Hygrothermal Cracking Analysis of Plastic IC Package)

  • 이강용;양지혁
    • 한국정밀공학회지
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.51-59
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    • 1998
  • The purposes of the paper are to consider the failure phenomenon based on delamination and crack when the encapsulant of plastic IC package under hygrothermal loading in the IR soldering process is on elastic and viscoelastic behavior due to the temperature and to show the optimum design using fracture mechanics. The model for analysis is the plastic SOJ package with a dimpled diepad. The package model with the perfect delamination between chip and diepad is chosen to estimate the resistance to fracture by calculating J-integrals in low temperature and C(t)-integrals in high temperature with the change of the design under hygrothermal loading. The optimum design to depress the delamination and crack in the plastic IC package is presented.

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재료의 소성 거동을 고려한 용접 계면균열의 Ct 매개변수 (Evaluation of Ct-parameter for Weld Interface Crack Considering Material Plastic Behavior)

  • 윤기봉;이진상
    • 대한기계학회논문집A
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    • 제24권3호
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    • pp.676-684
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    • 2000
  • In this study, behavior of $C_t$ which is a well-known fracture parameter characterizing creep crack growth rate, is investigated for weld interface cracks. Finite element analyses were per formed for a C(T) specimen under constant loading condition for elastic-plastic-creeping materials. In modeling C(T) geometry, an interface was employed along the crack plane which simulated the interface between weld and base metals. The $C_t$ versus time relations were obtained under various creep constant combinations and plastic constant combinations for weld and base metals, respectively. A unified $C_t$ versus time curve is obtained by normalizing $C_t$ with $C^*$ and t with $t_T$ for all the cases of material constant variations.

Oscillation Criteria for Certain Nonlinear Differential Equations with Damping

  • Zheng, Zhaowen;Zhu, Siming
    • Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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    • 제46권2호
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    • pp.219-229
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    • 2006
  • Using the integral average method, we establish some oscillation criteria for the nonlinear differential equation with damped term $$a(t)|{x}^{\prime}(t)|^{\sigma-1}{x}^{\prime}(t)^{\prime}+p(t)|{x}^{\prime}(t)|^{\sigma-1}{x}^{\prime}(t)+q(t)f(x(t))=0,\;{\sigma}>1$$, where the functions $a,\;p$ and $q$ are real-valued continuous functions defined on $[t_o,{\infty})$ with $a(t)>0,\;f(x){\in}C^1(\mathbb{R})$ and $\frac{f^{\prime}(u)}{|f^{({\sigma}-1)/{\sigma}}(u)|}{\geq}k>0$ for $u{\neq}0$.

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생물학적 하수처리시스템에 적용된 Proportional, Integral 및 P-I 조절 시스템에 대한 비교 (Comparison of Proportional, Integral, and P-I Control Systems in Biological Wastewater Treatment Plants)

  • 김성표
    • 한국물환경학회지
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.410-415
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    • 2005
  • The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the characteristics of three sets of traditional control methods (proportional, integral, and proportional - integral controls) through lab-scale biological reactor experiments. An increase in proportional gain ($K_c$) resulted in reduced dissolved oxygen (DO) offset under proportional control. An increase in integral time ($T_i$) resulted in a slower response in DO concentration with less oscillation, but took longer to get to the set point. P-I control showed more stable and efficient control of DO and airflow rates compared to either proportional control or integral control. Developed P-I control system was successfully applied to lab-scale Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) for treating industrial wastewater with high organic strength.

GRADED INTEGRAL DOMAINS AND PRÜFER-LIKE DOMAINS

  • Chang, Gyu Whan
    • 대한수학회지
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    • 제54권6호
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    • pp.1733-1757
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    • 2017
  • Let $R={\oplus}_{{\alpha}{\in}{\Gamma}}R_{\alpha}$ be an integral domain graded by an arbitrary torsionless grading monoid ${\Gamma}$, ${\bar{R}}$ be the integral closure of R, H be the set of nonzero homogeneous elements of R, C(f) be the fractional ideal of R generated by the homogeneous components of $f{\in}R_H$, and $N(H)=\{f{\in}R{\mid}C(f)_v=R\}$. Let $R_H$ be a UFD. We say that a nonzero prime ideal Q of R is an upper to zero in R if $Q=fR_H{\cap}R$ for some $f{\in}R$ and that R is a graded UMT-domain if each upper to zero in R is a maximal t-ideal. In this paper, we study several ring-theoretic properties of graded UMT-domains. Among other things, we prove that if R has a unit of nonzero degree, then R is a graded UMT-domain if and only if every prime ideal of $R_{N(H)}$ is extended from a homogeneous ideal of R, if and only if ${\bar{R}}_{H{\backslash}Q}$ is a graded-$Pr{\ddot{u}}fer$ domain for all homogeneous maximal t-ideals Q of R, if and only if ${\bar{R}}_{N(H)}$ is a $Pr{\ddot{u}}fer$ domain, if and only if R is a UMT-domain.

CONDITIONAL FOURIER-FEYNMAN TRANSFORMS AND CONVOLUTIONS OF UNBOUNDED FUNCTIONS ON A GENERALIZED WIENER SPACE

  • Cho, Dong Hyun
    • 대한수학회지
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    • 제50권5호
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    • pp.1105-1127
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    • 2013
  • Let C[0, $t$] denote the function space of real-valued continuous paths on [0, $t$]. Define $X_n\;:\;C[0,t]{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ and $X_{n+1}\;:\;C[0,t]{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}^{n+2}$ by $X_n(x)=(x(t_0),x(t_1),{\ldots},x(t_n))$ and $X_{n+1}(x)=(x(t_0),x(t_1),{\ldots},x(t_n),x(t_{n+1}))$, respectively, where $0=t_0 <; t_1 <{\ldots} < t_n < t_{n+1}=t$. In the present paper, using simple formulas for the conditional expectations with the conditioning functions $X_n$ and $X_{n+1}$, we evaluate the $L_p(1{\leq}p{\leq}{\infty})$-analytic conditional Fourier-Feynman transforms and the conditional convolution products of the functions, which have the form $fr((v_1,x),{\ldots},(v_r,x)){\int}_{L_2}_{[0,t]}\exp\{i(v,x)\}d{\sigma}(v)$ for $x{\in}C[0,t]$, where $\{v_1,{\ldots},v_r\}$ is an orthonormal subset of $L_2[0,t]$, $f_r{\in}L_p(\mathbb{R}^r)$, and ${\sigma}$ is the complex Borel measure of bounded variation on $L_2[0,t]$. We then investigate the inverse conditional Fourier-Feynman transforms of the function and prove that the analytic conditional Fourier-Feynman transforms of the conditional convolution products for the functions can be expressed by the products of the analytic conditional Fourier-Feynman transform of each function.

CHANGE OF SCALE FORMULAS FOR FUNCTION SPACE INTEGRALS RELATED WITH FOURIER-FEYNMAN TRANSFORM AND CONVOLUTION ON Ca,b[0, T]

  • Kim, Bong Jin;Kim, Byoung Soo;Yoo, Il
    • Korean Journal of Mathematics
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.47-64
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    • 2015
  • We express generalized Fourier-Feynman transform and convolution product of functionals in a Banach algebra $\mathcal{S}(L^2_{a,b}[0,T])$ as limits of function space integrals on $C_{a,b}[0,T]$. Moreover we obtain change of scale formulas for function space integrals related with generalized Fourier-Feynman transform and convolution product of these functionals.

GENERALIZED ANALYTIC FEYNMAN INTEGRAL VIA FUNCTION SPACE INTEGRAL OF BOUNDED CYLINDER FUNCTIONALS

  • Chang, Seung-Jun;Choi, Jae-Gil;Chung, Hyun-Soo
    • 대한수학회보
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    • 제48권3호
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    • pp.475-489
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    • 2011
  • In this paper, we use a generalized Brownian motion to define a generalized analytic Feynman integral. We then obtain some results for the generalized analytic Feynman integral of bounded cylinder functionals of the form F(x) = $\hat{v}$(($g_1,x)^{\sim}$,..., $(g_n,x)^{\sim}$) defined on a very general function space $C_{a,b}$[0,T]. We also present a change of scale formula for function space integrals of such cylinder functionals.