• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.127-136
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• 1999

The purpose of this research was to investigate the difference between perceptions of the nude body and of the clothed body as measured by body cathexis scale. Subjects were 274 college male and female between 20~30 yrs. Data were analyzed by using frequency, T test, cluster analysis, Duncan test by using Spss for window 8.0 PC program. Significant difference were found between mean scores of male and female on the nude body cathexis (NBC) and clothed body cathexis (CBC) Scales for hair texture, hair color, face, face color, shape of head, eye, lips, forehead, back, trunk, waist, bust, leg of shape, chest, hip. On the difference between male and female, significant differences were found between NBC and CBC scales for all body parts except hair texture, face color, ears, eyes, teech. Male had higher satisfaction than female in both body cathexis. The taller men, the higher body satisfaction with face shape, body shape, height in both body cathexis. Before appearence management, the bigger men, the higher body satisfaction with musle, waist, height, chest, body shape in both body cathexis. Male had higher satisfaction than female in both body cathexis. The taller women, the higher body satisfaction with neck, body shape, height in before appearence management. The bigger women, the higher body satisfaction with heights, weight distributions, waist, height in both.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.5-16
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• 2001

The purpose of the study was to investigate the body cathexis, ideal body shape, clothing satisfaction and their interrelationships. The subjects were 445 middle- and high- school girls. The findings were as follows : the subjects were more satisfied with their face appearance than body parts. They were very unsatisfied with thigh. leg and weight. Generally they were more satisfied with upper body than lower body, and more satisfied with length measurements than girth measurements. They accepted 169.19cm as ideal height and 49.18kg as ideal weight. The middle-school girls wanted to be taller than high-school girls by 3cm. But the ideal weight of both were almost same. The Rohrer indices indicated that the subjects were normal to slender type. But the Rohrer indices calculated using ideal height and ideal weight showed that the subjects thought extremely slender type as ideal body shape. The attitude of body was evaluated by two factors. the awareness of body shape and the physical attractiveness. The awareness of body shape was deeply influenced by girth measurements and lower body parts. And physical attractiveness was severely affected by face appearance. Weight was more important than height in regard to body cathexis. The ideal body shape was independent of individual situation but was formed by social value. The satisfaction of clothing in terms of design related aspects was influenced by body cathexis. Also the more satisfied with their body. the more they felt comfortable for their clothing. The body cathexis was interrelated with the satisfaction of clothing in some aspects.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.9_10
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• pp.1072-1080
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• 2003

This study presents comparisons between 286 male and female in their 60s in terms of the perception of their body shape. The results were as follows: 1. In the perception of male and female elders in their sixties on their body shape, a larger number of female elders considered that they were fat, short and heavy than male elder did. With regard to satisfaction with the body, male elders appeared to be more satisfied with their bodies than female elders, and both male and female elders were dissatisfied most with their abdomen girth. 2. The satisfaction of male and female elders in their sixties with their body shape appeared to be influenced more by their perception than their measured sizes. They were more satisfied with their body shape when they perceived that they had small girths, they were tall and they had long legs. In addition, female elders were more satisfied with their body shape when they perceived that their thigh girth and ankle girth were large. 3. As for perception on normal body types and fat body types and satisfaction, male elders' satisfaction with their body shape appeared to be less influenced by their body types than female elders'.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.327-335
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• 2007

Purpose: The descriptive study was designed to examine the relationship of eating attitudes to the internalization of sociocultural attitudes, body shape satisfaction, anger and anger expression in college women. Method: 247 women were recruited from one college located in Seoul, Korea. The instruments used were the Internalization subscale of SATAQ-3R, BSQ for body shape satisfaction, Spielberger's state trait anger expression inventory-Korean version for anger and anger expression, and the Eating Attitude Test(EAT-26) for eating attitudes. Results: The score of EAT significantly correlated with internalization, state anger, body shape satisfaction, and anger expression except trait anger. The significant predictors of eating attitudes in college women were body shape satisfaction and anger expression, explaining 55% of the variance in eating attitudes. Conclusion: This study showed that body shape satisfaction is an important predictor for an eating disorder. Therefore, various programs for cognitive changes correcting the understanding about body and weight need to be developed in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.57-68
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• 2008

In this study, we prepared reference data needed for clothing design for middle-aged women by analyzing body satisfaction of their body shape, which had been classified by collecting body features of middle-aged women. As for the study method, we have set five scales from 'never satisfied' to 'very much satisfied,' after analyzing body features of middle-aged women by measuring their body shape through the body meter and auxiliary tools. We used the SPSS 12.0 statistics program, and the results are the following: Body shapes of middle-aged women can be classified into the following four types. A middle-age women with an 'A silhouette' has a normal height, but fat nether limbs. A 'Y silhouette' is short with a fat upper body. The 'O silhouette' is short with fat nether limbs and upper body, and 'H silhouette' is tall and thin. Body shape I has displayed satisfaction with her own body shape, and body shape II showed the most dissatisfaction compared to other body shapes. Body shape III showed satisfaction on all items except face size and breast size, whereas body shape IV was dissatisfied with her face size, neck length, shape of her breast, waist, and buttocks. The result of this study is expected to contribute in accomplishing clothing production that will satisfy the desire of the consumers in the clothing business, while being utilized as the basic data for clothing design that fits their body shape by grasping the changing patterns of their body shape.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.334-339
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• 2012

This study was conducted to compare body shape satisfaction, body image perception, weight control status, and dietary habits of Korean and Chinese female high school students in order to provide information for proper body image perception of adolescents. 221 students in Yongin, a city in Korea, and 227 students in Weihai, a city in China, were surveyed using questionnaires. Body shape satisfaction was significantly higher in Chinese students (P < 0.001) compared to Korean students. 76.2% of Korean students and 72.7% of Chinese students wanted a thinner body shape than their present body shapes. Experiences of weight control, laxative or diuretics uses, eating during weight control, and vomiting after eating were significantly higher in Korean students (P < 0.05-P < 0.001) compared to Chinese students. The score for dietary habits was significantly higher in Chinese students (P < 0.001) compared to Korean students, suggesting a more desirable dietary habit among Chinese students. Students of both countries showed a significantly positive correlation between body shape satisfaction and dietary habits, suggesting that as body shape satisfaction increases, dietary habits become more desirable. In conclusion, Korean female students showed a more distorted body image perception and had more poor dietary habits than Chinese students. Nutritional education for the establishment of normal body weight, proper body image perception, and healthy dietary habits are needed.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1223-1234
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of body weight, perception of body shape and satisfaction with body shape on obesity stress and self-esteem among middle school students. The participants in this study were 446 middle school students in K-city. The major results of this study are as follows. First, male students demonstrated higher obesity rates than female students, and female students considered themselves to be fatter and less satisfied with their body shape than male students. Female students had significantly more obesity-related stress than male students. Second, there were significant differences in physical obesity stress according to body weight status among male and female students, and there was statistically significant difference in psychological obesity stress according to body weight status among male students. Male and female students who considered themselves to be fatter and less satisfied with their body shape suffered from high obesity stress. Third, there was no significant difference in self-esteem according to body weight status, but self-esteem was affected by perception and satisfaction of body shape; male and female students who considered themselves to be fatter and less satisfied with their body shape showed low levels of self-esteem. As the result of regression analysis, psychological obesity stress was the strongest factor in explaining self-esteem among all students, and satisfaction of body shape was also found to be a significant variable among female students.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1171-1189
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• 2014

In order to provide the basic data for creating the environment which can efficiently reflect prefer fit along with body size when selecting clothes size in the indirect purchasing environment, this study analyzed the difference of ready-made jacket part-specific fit preferred by fashion models in their twenties and female college students. This study was to analyze the impact of body size, recognition of body part-specific characteristics shape, body satisfaction on prefer fit of jacket. As for the difference of prefer fit depending on the body size, female college students preferred more loose fit than models. The difference according to recognition of body part-specific characteristics shape turned out to be significant for prefer fit depending on the degree of bend of neck, arm length, bend of back recognition and matching fit was found to be preferred as they recognize their body shape to be normal and the difference according to body satisfaction appeared to be significant in the terms of bend of back, hip width/protrusion, torso size/length, sleeve length, whole body shape and they turned out to prefer matching fit as they are satisfied with their body. As shown above, body size, recognition of body part-specific characteristics shape, especially body satisfaction have a great influence on prefer fit of jacket and therefore, if preparing for a size selection step according to body shape and satisfaction in the jacket size selection process, customers' satisfaction in jacket size may be improved and it is considered to be helpful for both consumers and sellers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.43
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• pp.83-96
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• 1999

The Purpose of this study was to the basic informations about the wearing stagte according to body satisfaction of the middle aged women. For the research method the actual wearing state of the foundation and the degree of body satisfaction were checked by questionaire survey from 350 middle aged women and analyzed 280 sheets. The results were as follows: 1. At the body satisfaction survey the respondent reply lower score about the girth items especially abdominal girth. According to the body shape and age there were meaningful differences. 2. The actual wearing state of the foundation had meaningful differences according to the body shape and age. The most important was about the fit for their bodies. 3. The most important dissatisfaction was about the fit for their bodies. Also there was meaningful differences according to body shape and age. 4. for the result of the feelings of wearing the foundation the feelings of wearing the girdle were more inconvenient than the feelings of wearing the brassiere Also there were meaningful differences according to the body shape and age. older and obeser women feel more inconvenient.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.286-292
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• 2009

This study was conducted to examine the effects of an 8-week weight loss program, on body composition, body shape satisfaction, body shape esteem in 15 obese children. This program included nutritional education and regular physical fitness. After completion of this program, height and body weight increased slightly but body compositions changed. BMI, degree of obesity, and body fat levels dropped slightly, however these differences were not significant. After the 8-week program body weight increased from $63.61{\pm}8.80\;kg$ to $64.07{\pm}9.11\;kg$, degree of obesity and BMI decreased from $151.73{\pm}13.62%$, and $29.08{\pm}2.35$ to $146.60{\pm}12.92%$, and $28.57{\pm}2.26$, respectively, and the percentage of body fat decreased slightly from $42.70{\pm}4.87%$ to $41.46{\pm}4.88%$. There were slight changes in weight of body muscle and lean body mass from $19.62{\pm}3.48\;kg$ and $36.17{\pm}5.78\;kg$ to $20.30{\pm}3.64\;kg$ and $37.16{\pm}6.18\;kg$, respectively. LBM and amount of muscle were higher after this weight loss program. The body shape esteem score increased from $7.60{\pm}4.01$ to $9.00{\pm}6.20$. There was no significant difference in body shape satisfaction before and after the program, and the participants also wanted to be leaner. Finally, body weight, BMI, and body fat showed negative correlations to body shape esteem.