• Title/Summary/Keyword: Biomass bioenergy

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Strategic Planning for Bioenergy Considering Biomass Availability in Rural Area (바이오매스 부존특성을 고려한 농촌지역 바이오에너지 보급전략)

  • Hong, Seong-Gu
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.50 no.4
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    • pp.51-58
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    • 2008
  • Unit costs for energy production in bioenergy facilities are dependent upon both fixed cost for facility construction and operational costs including biomass feedstock supply. With the increase of capacity, unit fixed cost could be decreased while supply cost tends to increase due to the longer transportation distance. It is desirable to take into account biomass availability in planning bioenergy facilities. A cumulative curve relationship was proposed to relate biomass availability and cumulative products of biomass amount and transportation distance. Optimum size of gasification facilities was affected by collection cost, biomass cumulative relationship. Based on biomass availability of Icheon-City, optimum sizes were about $400kW_{th}$ for gas production, and about $200kW_{el}$ for power generation. Unit cost of bioenergy production could be substantially reduced by reducing collection cost through supplying biomass from diverse sources including land development areas where significant amount of waste wood is generated. When planning bioenergy facilities, however, biomass availability and spatial distribution are key factors in determining the size of capacity.

Reduction of Green House Gases by Bioenergy Supplying in Korea (국내 바이오에너지 보급에 따른 온실가스 저감 평가)

  • Hong, Yeon Ki
    • Journal of Institute of Convergence Technology
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.15-20
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    • 2014
  • Recently, the development of renewable energy sources in Korea has been needed due to climate change. One of powerful alternative energy resources to mitigate emission is to switch conventional fuels to renewable energy, such as bioenergy. In this study, current status of bioenergy conversion technology and its supply in Korea was investigate. Based on theoretical, technical and realizable potential of biomass in Korea, the amount of reduction of green house gases was estimated. The results shown that the contribution of biomass on 2020 reduction target of green house gases emission in power generation was $513,000\;tCO_2/yr$ and utilization ratio of technical potential of biomass was 6.4%. For the effective supply of bioenergy in Korea, more exact estimation of realizable potential of biomass in Korea and stable supply sources are needed.

Utilizing method for Bioenergy (바이오에너지의 극대활용방안)

  • 진수웅
    • Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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    • v.34 no.5
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    • pp.63-68
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    • 2001
  • The terminology of bioenergy means the biomass. The urge to make biomass more Quantitative has led to the wide spread Inclusion of plants, grains and all organic substances. Biomass for nonelectrical uses In the our country accounts for approximately 2∼3% of the total energy consumption In 1999. Biomass also generally produces lower gas pollutant omission than fossil energies and to attractive because It's a renewable energy source .

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Genomic Analysis of Actinomyces sp. Strain CtC72, a Novel Fibrolytic Anaerobic Bacterium Isolated from Cattle Rumen

  • Joshi, Akshay;Vasudevan, Gowdaman;Engineer, Anupama;Pore, Soham;Hivarkar, Sai Suresh;Lanjekar, Vikram Bholanath;Dhakephalkar, Prashant Kamalakar;Dagar, Sumit Singh
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.46 no.1
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    • pp.59-67
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    • 2018
  • A xylanolytic and cellulolytic anaerobic bacterium strain CtC72 was isolated from cattle rumen liquor. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain CtC72 shared only 97.78% homology with its nearest phylogenetic affiliate Actinomyces ruminicola, showing its novelty. The strain could grow on medium containing xylan, carboxymethyl cellulose and avicel producing $CO_2$, acetate, and ethanol as major fermentation products. The whole genome analysis of the strain CtC72 exhibited a broad range of carbohydrate-active enzymes required for the breakdown and utilization of lignocellulosic biomass. Genes related to the production of ethanol and stress tolerance were also detected. Further there were several unique genes in CtC72 for chitin degradation, pectin utilization, sugar utilization, and stress response in comparison with Actinomyces ruminicola. The results show that the strain CtC72, a putative novel bacterium can be used for lignocellulosic biomass based biotechnological applications.

Estimation Method of Potential Biomass Resources in Korea (국내 바이오매스 자원 잠재량 산정방법)

  • Lee, Joon-Pyo;Hwang, Kyung-Ran;Park, Soon-Chul
    • 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2008.11a
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    • pp.332-336
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    • 2008
  • The resource potentials biomass resources of South Korea are estimated as Preliminary stage using relevant National statistics. Biomass resources possibly be collected, used and converted to bioenergy in Korea are forest biomass, agricultural residue, livestock manure and municipal solid wastes. The potential biomass resources are classifying into total potential, available potential and technically feasible biomass resources, Total potential biomass resources in Korea are estimated to be around 140million tons of oil equivalent (toe). Available potentials are estimated to be around 11million annually. The technically feasible biomass resources with current technologies are estimated to be 2.3million toe annually. These estimated values are the minimum of all potentials since they are all estimated from explicit statistics. Although actually there exist huge amount of biomass on the land as well as in the sea, potential resources for bioenergy are believed to be limited. The potentials are to be inclosed with the improvement of bioenergy technologies.

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Biomass Energy in the USA: A Literature Review (II) - Marketing and Policies for Green Power Production with Environmental Attributes - (미국 에너지 시장에 공급되는 바이오에너지에 관한 연구(II) - 환경친화적 녹색전기의 마케팅 및 정부지원책에 대하여 -)

  • Kim, Yeong-Suk;Gorman, Thomas
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.33 no.1 s.129
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    • pp.97-110
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    • 2005
  • This paper is the second part of a literature review describing the current status of biomass energy use in the USA. The bioenergy technologies that convert biomass resources to a form of energy were presented, in particular focused on existing coal fired boiler, high efficiency gasification combined cycle. We presented latest biomass power energy supply, economic issues such as its production and plant investment cost in the Part I. In the Part II, our review summarized policy and market issues for electricity consumers, benefits from biomass power which could offer an alternative to conventional energy sources in the form of environmental, rural economic growth, and national energy security in the USA.

Verification of a Relationship between Ultraviolet Radiation and Initial Microalgal Cell Density Using a Floating Marine Photobioreactor (부유형 해양 광생물반응기를 이용한 자외선과 초기 미세조류 접종 농도와의 상관관계 규명)

  • Kim, Z-Hun;Park, Hanwool;Jung, Seong-Gyun;Kim, Su-Kwon;Kim, Hee-Yun;Park, Yong Sung;Hong, Han Ma Roo;Lee, Choul-Gyun
    • Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.52-57
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    • 2015
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate a relationship between ultraviolet radiation and initial cell density (ICD) of microalgae using a floating marine photobioreactor (PBR). To examine the effect of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in sunlight on biomass productivity as a function of ICD, 0.5-L floating PBRs covered with or without UV cut-off film were placed in an outdoor rectangular tank containing 200 L of water. At the lower ICDs, 0.01 and 0.05 g/L, biomass productivities in the PBRs without UV cut-off film decreased by $278{\pm}21%$ and $222{\pm}3%$ compared with those with the film, respectively. In contrast, the presence of UV cut-off film did not have a significant effect on biomass productivities at the higher ICDs, 0.25 and 1.25 g/L. When the differences in biomass productivity made by the UV cut-off film were plotted against the sum of cell projection area per light receiving area of the PBR, the results revealed that the inhibitory effect of UV on biomass productivity can be negligible when the sum of cell projection area is equal to the light receiving area of the PBR. These results show that photoinhibition caused by UV radiation could be eliminated via operating the PBR with a proper ICD.

Preparation and Characterization of Poly(lactic acid) Nanocomposites Reinforced with Lignin-containing Cellulose Nanofibrils (리그닌 함유 셀룰로오스 나노섬유로 강화된 폴리락틴산 나노복합재의 제조 및 분석)

  • Sun, Haibo;Wang, Xuan;Zhang, Liping
    • Polymer(Korea)
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    • v.38 no.4
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    • pp.464-470
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    • 2014
  • A chemo-mechanical method was used to prepare lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils(L-CNF) from unbleached woodpulps dispersed uniformly in an organic solvent. L-CNF/PLA composites were obtained by solvent casting method. The effects of L-CNF concentration on the composite performances were characterized by tensile test machine, contact angle machine, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The tensile test results indicated that the tensile strength and elongation-at-break increased by 50.6% and 31.8% compared with pure PLA. The contact angle of PLA composites decreased from $79.3^{\circ}$ to $68.9^{\circ}$. The FTIR analysis successfully showed that L-CNF had formed intermolecular hydrogen bonding with PLA matrix.

Seasonal Assessment of Biomass and Fatty Acid Productivity by Tetraselmis sp. in the Ocean Using Semi-Permeable Membrane Photobioreactors

  • Kim, Z-Hun;Park, Hanwool;Lee, Choul-Gyun
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.26 no.6
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    • pp.1098-1102
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    • 2016
  • A green microalga, Tetraselmis sp., was cultivated in the coastal seawater of Young-Heung Island using semi-permeable membrane photobioreactors (SPM-PBRs) in different seasons. The microalgae in the SPM-PBRs were able to grow on nutrients diffused into the PBRs from the surrounding seawater through SPMs. The biomass productivity varied depending on the ion permeabilities of the SPMs and environmental conditions, whereas the quality and quantity of fatty acids were constant. The temperature of seawater had a greater influence than solar radiation did on productivity of Tetraselmis sp. in SPM-PBRs. SPM-PBRs could provide technologies for concurrent algal biomass and fatty acids production, and eutrophication reduction in the ocean.

Renewable Energy Policy in the UK - with Focus on Biomass (영국의 신재생에너지 정책-바이오매스를 중심으로)

  • Ryu, Chang-Kook
    • Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.260-265
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    • 2008
  • As one of renewable energy sources, biomass is playing a major role in reducing the greenhouse gas emission in the UK. The country currently produces about 4.5% (18.1TWh in 2006) of the total electricity generation from renewables, where biomass-based sources accounts for 50% of the amount and the remainder mostly from hydro and windpower. In 2007, the UK government has announced its new energy policy through the Energy White Paper, which includes an ambitious national target of 60% cuts in carbon emission by 2050. Complementary strategic plans in key renewable energy technologies accompanied the Energy White Paper, including biomass strategy, waste strategy and low carbon transportation strategy. This paper summarizes the current status and policy of UK for renewable energy production with focus on the use of biomass and bioenergy.