Biomass Energy in the USA: A Literature Review (II) - Marketing and Policies for Green Power Production with Environmental Attributes -

미국 에너지 시장에 공급되는 바이오에너지에 관한 연구(II) - 환경친화적 녹색전기의 마케팅 및 정부지원책에 대하여 -

  • Kim, Yeong-Suk (Dept. of Forest Products, College of Forst Science, Kookmin University) ;
  • Gorman, Thomas (Dept. of Forests, College of Natural Resources, University of Idaho)
  • Received : 2004.11.23
  • Accepted : 2004.12.07
  • Published : 2005.01.25

Abstract

This paper is the second part of a literature review describing the current status of biomass energy use in the USA. The bioenergy technologies that convert biomass resources to a form of energy were presented, in particular focused on existing coal fired boiler, high efficiency gasification combined cycle. We presented latest biomass power energy supply, economic issues such as its production and plant investment cost in the Part I. In the Part II, our review summarized policy and market issues for electricity consumers, benefits from biomass power which could offer an alternative to conventional energy sources in the form of environmental, rural economic growth, and national energy security in the USA.

본 연구는 최근 미국 에너지 시장에서 바이에너지가 차지하는 위치와 공급상황에 대하여 조사 연구되었다. 특히 제 1보에서는 미국에서 실용화되고 있는 목질 바이오매스를 이용한 바이오매스 전기제조기술(직접 연소 발전, 산업체의 폐열발전, 가스터빈과 스팀터빈 연합 발전 및 모듈화된 발전시스템등), 전기생산 시설 및 공급가의 경제성등에 대하여 검토하였고, 제 2보에서는 바이오매스 전기에 대한 미국의 정책 및 마케팅전략, 그리고 바이오매스 전기 사용이 가져오는 환경적 경제적 이익 및 발전 장벽(Benefit and Barriers)등에 대하여 조사 연구되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. 김영숙, 2004. 미국 에너지 시장에 공납되는 바이오에너지에 관한 연구(I)- 바이오매스 전기 생산 및 제조 기술에 대하여-. 산림과학. 제16집, 71-88
  2. Aabakken J. and W. Short, 2003. Domestic Energy Scenarios, NREL/TP-620-32742
  3. Bain, R. L., R. P. Overend, and K. R. Craig. 1996 Biomass-fired Power generation, Conference Paper: 'Biomass Usage for Utility and Industrial Power, Engineering Foundation, NY. NY
  4. Bain, Richard. t , Wade A. Amos., Mark Downing and Robert L. Perlack. 2003. Highlights of the Biopower Technical Assessment, State of the Industry and the technology, NREL/TP-51O-33502
  5. Bain, Richard. L., Wade A. Amos., Mark Downing and Robert L. Perlack. 2003. Highlights of the Bio-power Technical Assessment, State of the Industry and the technology, NREL/TP-51O-33502
  6. Bergman, R. 2003. Small Timber products and Markets Outlook: A focus on Wood Energy, Forest Products Laboratory, Forest Service. Http://www. fpl.fs.fed.us
  7. Bird, Lori and Blair Swezey. 2003. Green Power Marketing in the United States: A Status Report (6th), NREL/TP-620-35119
  8. Bird, Lori and Blair Swezey. 2003. Estimates of Renewable Energy Capacity Serving Green Power Markets in the United States: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, http://www.eere energy.gov
  9. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energe. 2003a. Renewable Energy Technologies, http://www.eere.energy.gov
  10. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energe. 2003b. Utilities Offering Green Pricing Programs, http:// www.eere.energy.gov
  11. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energe. 2003c Green Power Network, http://www.eere.energy gov
  12. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energe. 2003d. Competitive Electricity Markets, http://www. eere.energy.gov
  13. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energe. 2003e Green Power Policies, http://www.eere.energy gov
  14. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energe. 2003f Bioenergy Feedstock Development Program, http://www.eere.energy.gov
  15. Energy Information Administration. 2002. An- nual Energy Out look 2002, DOE/EIA-0383
  16. Etra, Daniel. 2003. Powerful Choices IV: A Survey of Retail Green Power Programs in the Pacific Northwest, Renewable Northwest Project, http://www.RNP.org
  17. Etra, Daniel. 200,'S. Powerful Choices IV: A Survey of Retail Green Power Programs in the Pacific Northwest, Renewable Northwest Project, http:// www.RNP.org
  18. Fedetal Energy Management Program. 2003. Western Area Power Adminostration Unveils Federal Green Power Purchasing Program, FEMP News and Events, Nov. 11
  19. Graham, R. L. and M. E. Walsh. 1995. Evaluating the Economic Costs, Benefits and Traeoffs of Dedicated Biomass Energy Systems: The Importance of Scale, The Proceedings, Second Biomass Conference of the Americas: Energy, Environment, Agriculture, and Industry, 207 - 215 National Renewable Energy Laboratory
  20. Graham, R. L., D. D. Huff, M. R. Kaufmann, W. D Shepperd, and J. Sheehan. 1998. Bioevergy and Watershed Restoration in the Mountainous regions of the West:What are the Environmental/ Community Issue?, Bioenergy '98, Expanding Bioenergy Partnerships, Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory http:// www.thegreenpowergroup.org
  21. International Energy Agency. 2002. Renewable in Gloval Energy Supply, http://www.iea.org
  22. Mann Margaret K. and Pamela L. Spath. 2003. A Comparison of the Environmental Consequences of Power from Biomass, Coal and Natural gas, Natinal Renewable energy Laboratory
  23. Morris, G. 2000. Biomass Energy Production Inb California: The Case for a Biomass Policy Intiative: Final Report, NREL/SR-570-28805, National Renewable Energy Laboratory
  24. National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 2003. Biomass Power Research
  25. Oregon Department of Energy, 2003. Oregon Incentives, http://www.energy.state.or.us
  26. Overend, Ralph P. and Richard L. Bain. 2003 Technical Support of the U.S. DOE Biomass Power Program in the Development of Biomass to Electricity technology, 210th ACS Meeting Fuel Division Paper, National Renewable Energy Laboratory
  27. Temperate Forest Foundation. 2003. Biomass for Energy and Forest Fuel Reduction, Eco-Link Vol. 13, No.3, Temperate Forest Foundation
  28. U.S. Department of Energy. 2003. http://www. eere.energy.gov
  29. World Resources Institute. 2003. Renewable Energy Certificates: An Attractive Means for Corporate Customers to Purchase Renewable Energy, http://www.wri.org