• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.49-63
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• 1995

The purpose of the present study was to investigate effective parental controls by age of child. The subjects participating in this study were 10, 12, 15, and 18-year-old school boys residing in Seoul. A total of 1,468 boys was used in the final analysis. Factor analysis and multiple regression of SPSS $PC^+$ were utilized to test the hypotheses. The findings of the analysis showed that the impact of various parental controls on antisocial behavior varied with developmental stages of the children. Younger boys were more susceptible to direct controls, while indirect controls proved more effective for older youngsters.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.40-49
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• 1999

This study was conducted with 20 female gymnasts and 23 age-matched controls to examine pattern, weight control behavior and nutritional status. Most gymnasts(95.0%) reported that they used weight-control methods, while relatively few age-matched controls employed these methods. These methods included sauna(95.0%), food restriction(90.0%), excess exercise (70.0%), laxative abuse(10%) and use of diet pills(10%). Gymnasts had significantly (p<0.05) lower scores for statements related to 'sneaking food', 'vomiting after overeating', showing more negative eating behavior than age-matched controls. Energy intake of gymnasts was 968.9$\pm$421.4kcal while energy expenditure was 2,091$\pm$361kcal, showing negative evergy balance(-1,1225$\pm$534.6kcal). Female gymnasts consumed less than 70% of the RDA for protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin and niacin, which reflects their low energy intake. The average intakes of calcium, iron, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin and niacin did not meet the recommended dietary allowances for their age groups. Adolescent athletes who train vigorously and consume a low-energy diet may be exposed to an increase in potential health risks. Therefore, individuals who advise athletic adolescents regarding training and dietary habits need to emphasize the importance of consuming an appropriate energy intake to support performance as well as growth and development. The sports nutritionist is in a position to convey such information to coaches, physicians, parents and to the athletes themselves.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1415-1420
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• 2015

Background: We compared the health-promoting behavior of long-term cancer survivors with those of the general population to identify necessary behavioral interventions to reduce the health risk among cancer patients. Materials and Methods: We used data from the 2007 and 2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES IV [2007~2009] and KNHANES V [2010~2012]) on smoking status, alcohol use, physical exercise, and disease screening. We compared long-term cancer survivors with members of the general population; the controls were matched by propensity score matching. A multiple logistic regression model was used to investigate the association between cancer status and health-promoting behavior. Results: Long-term cancer survivors had a lower risk of smoking than the general population controls (OR: 0.42, 95%CI: 0.25-0.71). In addition, the long-term cancer survivors had a lower risk of alcohol use than the general population controls (OR: 0.70, 95%CI: 0.50-0.98). However, in terms of physical exercise and disease screening, no statistically significant differences were detected (physical exercise OR: 1.01, 95%CI: 0.75-1.35; disease screening OR: 1.27, 95%CI: 0.93-1.74). All covariates were adjusted. Conclusions: The long-term cancer survivors had a much lower risk of smoking and alcohol use than the general population controls. However, almost no differences in physical exercise and screening for cancer recurrence or secondary disease were detected between the long-term cancer survivors and general population controls. To reduce the health risks and challenges facing long-term cancer survivors, interventions to encourage physical exercise and screening for cancer recurrence and secondary disease should be implemented.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.230-238
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate predictors of nurses' patient safety behavior during inter-hospital transfer. The study was based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Methods: A descriptive survey design was used. Data were collected with a self-administrated 39-item questionnaire completed by 111 nurses from a university hospital in Seoul, South Korea. The questionnaire was developed based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) guideline and included measure of self-reported past patient safety behaviors, intentions, attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral controls. Ethical approval was granted by the hospital review board. Hierarchical regression analyses were carried out. Results: The average score of patient safety behavior was $4.21{\pm}0.63$ (5 point scale). The TPB variables explained 49.9%of the variance in patient safety behavior. Intention and subjective norm were the most significant predictors of nurses' patient safety behavior. Attitude was related to nurses' patient safety behavior. Conclusion: TPB variables predicted the nurses' patient safety behavior during inter-hospital transfer of patients except for perceived behavioral controls. The results of this study suggest that better strategies for subjective norms and intentions related to patient safety behavior will be helpful in safety culture reform.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.31-45
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• 2018

The study aims to predict the behavior of tourists in Hadong County, which is registered as KIAHS. Based on the theory of planning behavior, we intend to verify the theory of planned behaviour, which adds descriptive parameters of the perceived value and prior knowledge of an agricultural heritage. In detail, first, the perceived value and prior knowledge of tourists about an agricultural heritage understand the influence of tourists' Attitude. Second, we could see the role of the behavioral factors in the causal relationship of the planned behavioral theory. We have identified the planned behavioral theory that attitudes, subjective norms, and perceptual behavior controls affect the intention of the revisit. Hadong should remember that by sending and providing various information about Hadong Green Tea and World Agricultural Heritage sites, it is possible to elicit changes in visitor attitudes and revisit visits.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.32B no.7
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• pp.943-951
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• 1995

In this paper the projective controls, previously derived to preserve the dynamic modes of a state-feedback reference system, are extended to allow the preservation of the modes of a general output-feedback reference system. In general, the extension allows projective controls to be used as a controller approximation technique, where a reduced-order controller is designed to approximate the closed-loop behavior of the higher-order reference controller. This extension is useful if the best available reference control for the system is an output-feedback control. An example shows that the increased design freedom of proposed design method allows the stabilization of a given plant using a lower-order controller than the projective controls with state-feedback reference.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.230-237
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• 2015

Purpose: Various gastrointestinal factors may contribute to maladaptive behavior in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). To determine the association between maladaptive behavior in children with ASD and gastrointestinal symptoms such as severity, intestinal microbiota, inflammation, enterocyte damage, permeability and absorption of opioid peptides. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study compared children with ASD to healthy controls, aged 2-10 years. Maladaptive behavior was classified using the Approach Withdrawal Problems Composite subtest of the Pervasive Developmental Disorder Behavior Inventory. Dependent variables were gastrointestinal symptom severity index, fecal calprotectin, urinary D-lactate, urinary lactulose/mannitol excretion, urinary intestinal fatty acids binding protein (I-FABP) and urinary opioid peptide excretion. Results: We did not find a significant difference between children with ASD with severe or mild maladaptive behavior and control subjects for gastrointestinal symptoms, fecal calprotectin, urinary D-lactate, and lactulose/mannitol ratio. Urinary opioid peptide excretion was absent in all children. Children with ASD with severe maladaptive behavior showed significantly higher urinary I-FABP levels compared to those with mild maladaptive behavior (p=0.019) and controls (p=0.015). Conclusion: In our series, maladaptive behavior in ASD children was not associated with gastrointestinal symptoms, intestinal inflammation (no difference in calprotectin), microbiota (no difference in urinary D-lactate) and intestinal permeability (no difference in lactulose/manitol ratio). ASD children with severe maladaptive behavior have significantly more enterocyte damage (increased urinary I-FABP) than ASD children with mild maladaptive behavior and normal children.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.153-160
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• 2010

Objectives : Recurrence of mood episodes associated with a specific season has been described in various mood disorders. Seasonal change in mood and behavior as a lifetime trait is also observed in healthy individuals. This study aimed at comparing the lifetime trait of seasonal variations of mood and behavior between bipolar disorder patients and controls as well as investigating associated factors of seasonality. Methods : Subjects were ninety-four clinically stable patients with bipolar disorder and 188 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Seasonality of mood and behavior was assessed retrospectively on lifetime basis using Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire(SPAQ). Results : The patient group showed a higher median global seasonality score(GSS) of SPAQ and a higher rate of seasonal affective disorder(SAD) compared to the control group(p < 0.0001). For subjects showing prominent seasonality, the seasonal symptom profile and seasonal pattern was similar in both patient and control groups. In addition to the diagnosis, female gender was shown to be a predictor of seasonality in the multiple linear regression analysis(p = 0.045). Conclusion : This study suggests that lifetime trait of seasonality may be related to the susceptibility of bipolar disorder.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.835-844
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the dietary behaviors, nutritional status and hematological status of female ballet majors a university. The study was conducted from May 11 to June 20, 2004 by questionnaires, anthropometry and blood analysis and data analyzed by SPSS program. The results are summarized as follows: The body mass index (BMI) and body fat rate of the ballet majors were significantly lower than those of the controls. Eighty-six point four percent of the ballet majors and $58.3\%$ of the controls had weight control experiences. Intakes of the nutrients were lower than those of the Korean recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) , except vitamin C in the ballet majors. Intakes of calories, calcium and iron were lower than those of the RDAs in the controls. Serum triglyceride levels of the ballet majors were significantly lower than that of the controls. HDL-cholesterol concentration was higher in the ballet majors than in the controls. No differences were found in the serum total cholesterol level, hemoglobin level, and hematocrit value between the groups. Total iron binding capacity of the ballet majors was higher than that of the controls. Serum iron level was significantly lower in the ballet majors than in the controls. Nutrition knowledge scores and dietary attitude scores were lower in the ballet majors than in the controls. Self esteem and body-cathexis of the ballet majors were higher than that of the controls. These results indicate that the ballet majors should be given more nutritional education to improve their nutritional status and the dancing Performance. (Korean J Community Nutrition 10(6) : $835\∼844$, 2005)

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.95-102
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• 2011

Objectives : This present study examined the power of the Korean Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL) subscales to predict a DSM-IV diagnosis of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Methods : The sample included 37 children and adolescents with ODD and 46 normal controls. The participants and their parents were interviewed for clinical diagnosis using the Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) and the parents completed the K-CBCL. Logistic regression analysis was used to predict the diagnosis of ODD. Results : Among the CBCL subscales, Delinquent and Aggressive Behavior scales significantly predicted ODD diagnosis. The means of these CBCL subscales were significantly higher in the ODD group when compared to the controls. Conclusion:Two CBCL subscales (Deliquent and Aggressive Behavior) displayed good diagnostic efficiency for assessing ODD in children and adolescents. Through combining information from the CBCL, an empirical-quantitative approach to psychopathology in children and the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, the results demonstrated that a clinical diagnostic approach is an effective diagnostic paradigm for children with ODD.