• Korean Architects
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• v.3 no.8 s.8
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• pp.27-32
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• 1968

This article discusses at a basic level the process of chimney construction. The concept, design, and operation can be understood easily. This, of course, is the first step to orderly construction. The selection of the boiler as to type, capacity, etc. was summarized in brief. The over all planning of the boiler and chimney together was the main object of this article. The architectural books covering this subject are very technical and this article tries to make the understanding of the basic principles more easy for the beginner in architecture.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.36.3-36
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• 2001

Imitating animal behaviors is one of the research projects in robotics. This paper presents basic concepts and implementation of ant robots. Our ant robots refer to the robots that are designed and built by imitating ants´ behaviors. ant robot is 5${\times}$5${\times}$6 cm3. A special feature of our ant robot is low cost, we spend under 30 $US for this project.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.52-65
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• 2006

Sling exercises therapy can speak as appliable comprehensive exercises therapy technique efficiently in general exercise field for injured worker's rehabilitation process and health improvement patient or athlete, injury or disease that have pain or dysfunction to neuromuscular system using that shake. At 1990 an early stage, because physical therapist and doctors of medical treatment developed country norway of north europe cooperate sling exercises therapy's concept trend spreading worldwide establishing theory newly based on scientific basic be. Musculoskeletal system, old man and young child's nervous system injurer's treatment and exercise and industry worker's rehabilitation process, athlete's rehabilitation etc. several fields introduced in early 2000s to Korea apply. Sling exercises therapy neuromuscular system disease continuous abatement as general concept of active exercise and treatment that use sling exercises equipment by purpose know can. This review article wishes to introduce about neuromuscular activation, "Neurac" technique that can speak as step developed more concept based on application principle etc, of basic sling exercises effort's change by suspension point's change that is concept, stability exercises principle, open kinetic chain exercises and closed kinetic chain exercises. Arranged about Plateau potential's characteristic and working mechanism and Neurac technique's application method that can say as Neurac technique's neuro-physiologic base, and presented treatment method of lumbar part disease and cervical part, shoulder joint part disease to application example. Because plateau potential forward player that induce using Neurac technique in part muscles that act role that keep spine surrounding stability in this article keeps muscle's contraction continuously, between global and local muscles, presented several study findings that can cause affirmative change in insufficient muscle adjustment state such as imbalance of muscles' action order. Expect that case studies that use this Neurac technique here after consist continuously.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.261-282
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• 2019

The research related to testing pupils' achievement in the field of Measurement and Measure in initial teaching of geometry points to an insufficient adoption of the basic components of the length measurement concept among pupils. In order to discover the cause, we looked at the basic components on which the procedure of measuring length using a ruler is based, highlighted the possibilities of introducing the procedure in measuring length, and determined pupils' achievement during the procedure of measuring length using a ruler. The research sample consisted of 145 pupils, out of which 72 were the 2^nd grade pupils and 73 were the 4^th grade pupils. A descriptive method was applied in the research. The technique we used was testing, and for the statistical data processing we used a χ² test. The results of the research show that, when drawing a straight line of a given length using a ruler, there is no statistical difference in achievement between the 2^nd and 4^th grade pupils, nor in the pupils' knowledge regarding drawing a ruler independently, while drawing a straight line of a given length using a "broken" ruler 4^th grade pupils are statistically better. The results of the research indicate that pupils' achievement is better in doing standard tasks than in non-standard ones, given that the latter require conceptual knowledge. The components of the concept of length measurement using ruler have not been sufficiently developed yet, and these include: zero-point, partitioning a measured object in a series of consecutive measurement units and their iteration. We shed more light on the critical stage in the procedure of length measurement - the transition from non-standard to standard units and the formation of the length measurement scale. For further research, we propose to look at the formation of the concept of length measurement using the ruler through all its components and their inclusion in the mathematics curriculum, as well as examining the correlation of pupils' achievement in the procedure of measuring length with their achievement in measuring area (and volume).

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.304-311
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• 2021

The relevance of the research involves outlining the need for modern professionals to acquire new competencies. In the conditions of rapid civilizational progress, in order to meet the requirements of the labor market in the knowledge society, there is a readiness for continuous training as an indicator of professional success. The purpose of the research is to identify the impact of various forms of application of information technologies for lifelong learning in order to provide the continuous self-development of each person without cultural or age restrictions and on the basis of rapid digital progress. A high level (96%) of need of the adult population in continuing education with the use of digital technologies has been established. The most effective ways to implement the concept of "lifelong learning" have been identified (educational camps, lifelong learning, mass open online courses, Makerspace activities, portfolio use, use of emoji, casual game, scientific research with iVR game, implementation of digital games, work in scientific cafes). 2 basic objectives of continuing professional education for adults have been outlined (continuous improvement of qualifications and obtaining new qualifications). The features of ICT application in adult education have been investigated by using the following methods, namely: flexibility in terms of easy access to ideas, solving various problems, orientation approach, functional learning, group or individual learning, integration of leisure, personal and professional activities, gamification. The advantages of application of information technologies for continuous education (economic, time, and adaptive) have been revealed. The concept of continuous adult learning in the context of digitalization has been concluded. The research provides a description of the structural principles of the concept of additional education; a system of information requests of the applicant, as well as basic technologies for lifelong learning. The research indicates the lack of comprehensive research in the relevant field. The practical significance of the research results lies in the possibility of using the obtained results for a wider acquaintance of the adult population with the importance of the application of lifelong learning for professional activities and the introduction of methods for its implementation in the educational policy of the state.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.35-47
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to make dental technicians recognize the importance of their professional self-concept, and to provide basic data to devise the educational programs and policies of establishing their positive professional self-concept. In addition, the investigator tried to present some improvement measures for dental technicians' actual services by examining their job satisfaction. Study findings are as follows: First, the score of study subjects' self-concept is 3.41($\pm$.58) (perfect score=5), middle or high in rank. As for the mean score of professional self-concept by realms, the self-concept of communication is 3.59($\pm$.67), the highest; the self-concept of leadership in the realm of professional service is 3.54($\pm$.75); the self-concept of skills is 3.50($\pm$.75); the self-concept of adaptability is 3.47($\pm$.69); and the recognizant level of satisfactory self-concept is 2.95($\pm$.81), below the normal. Second, as for the difference of professional self-concept according to general characteristics, such variables as age, marital states, and the length of one's service have a significant influence upon the recognition of self-concept. First, the self-concept of those whose age is between 31 and 35 is the highest (3.64$\pm$.49), and it is followed by that of those whose age is 36 and above (3.57$\pm$.77) and then that of those whose age is between 26 and 30 (3.31$\pm$.56)). And that of those whose age is below 25 is the lowest. The obove results show us that the professional self-concept of older study subjects is higher than that of younger ones in general(p<.01). As for marital states, that of married persons(3.54$\pm$.64) is higher than that of unmarried ones(3.35$\pm$.55)(p<.05). As for the length of one's service, that of longtime employees is higher than that of short-period workers(p<.01). In relation to positions, a manager's professional self-concept is the highest(3.89$\pm$.55) and that of an assistant technician is the lowest(3.17$\pm$.58). Study findings show that the professional self-concept of higher ranking technicians is higher than that of lower ones in general (p<.001). Based on the study findings, the investigator suggests followings: First, studies on the professional self-concept that is appropriate to the characteristics of dental technicians must be carried out with a new point of view. Second, a tool must be researched and developed in order for the professional self-concept of dental technicians to be measured. Third, if a new professional self-concept is established and a measuring tool is developed, a study on the relationship between dental technicians' professional self-concept and practice performance can be carried out again.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.287-296
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• 2008

Purpose: This study is descriptive survey to offer basic data of nursing management practice as identify the relationship between Professional Self-Concept, Organizational Commitment and Job satisfaction, whom nurses work general hospitals less than 250 beds. Methods: The subjects in this study were random sampling 320 nurse who worked in 9 general hospital in G city that had less than 250 beds, data was collected from 10 to 30 in Apr, 2007. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson‘s correlation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test. Results: Level of Professional Self-Concept of nurses was average 2.60 point, level of Organizational Commitment of nurses showed 2.83 point, level of Job Satisfaction of nurses showed 2.73 point. There was a statistically significant difference at Professional Self-Concept of nurses as general characteristics showed a marriage state, position, work place, clinical career. There was a statistically significant difference at Organizational Commitment of nurses as general characteristics showed a marriage state, position, clinical career. There was a statistically significant difference at Job Satisfaction of nurse as general characteristics showed a marriage state, position, clinical career. There were highest correlation Organizational Commitment with Job Satisfaction(r=.536, p<.001), also high correlation Organizational Commitment with Professional Self-Concept(r=.478, p<.001). And there were high correlation Job Satisfaction with Professional Self-Concept(r=.422, p<.001). Conclusions: As integrate of the study result showed the Professional Self-Concept had correlation to Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction, specially as relation those valuables with general characteristics of subjects, it strongly need to develop educational program for improving Professional Self-Concept with supporting of variety administration for developing human resource for nurses who are not married, low position in hospital, short career, or worked in inpatient wards.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.241-255
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• 2011

The purpose of this research was to analyze the concept map of kindergarten teachers concerning their levels of contents knowledge and their overall level of competency in terms of multi-cultural education. The participants were 104 teachers from 11 kindergartens in Busan. Data were analyzed by Sim's (2008) method based on Novak & Gowin (1984) and Morine-Dershimer (1993). The results were as follows. First, a majority of participants made a limited concept map and used 22 representative categories regarding multi-cultural education and the category of 'various nations' was the most popular superordinate concept. Second, the level of knowledge in terms of the maps were generally low in so far as most of maps reached hierarchy 1. The results of the research suggested that kindergarten teachers were lacking in basic knowledge of multi-cultual education and therefore there is a real need for both conceptualization and teacher training for multi-cultual education, reviewing of current 'teachers', 'manuals', and follow-up research aimed at analyzing teacher's multi-cultual education competence.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.2 s.61
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• pp.347-356
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• 2007

The concept of time-space to be seen in the modem society has complex features at the points of scientific, philosophical, artistic, religious point of view. It has been brought up at a points of neo centric religious, philosophical view and then after, phenomenal approach and scientific approach were rendered through Newton and Einstein and so many scholar approaches affected the artistic field significantly. With such visual expression, it has affected the paintings for a long time till the 19th century, and then has affected various fields such as photography, film, video, computer, architecture and has currently affected the various space expressive of our daily lives and virtual space of digital. This study is to extract a visual and expressionistic characteristic through historical examination and multi-scholar analysis of time-space concept. Especially, by expanding the previous time and space concept, experimental cases and expressionistic characteristics has come up on the media art that offers various experience and by analyzing the expressionistic characteristics of the time-space concept expressed in media art, it is to extract the basic factors for the diversity of space experience.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.169-178
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• 2010

In this study, the concept of environmental-friendly architecture, where environment is importantly regarded as a design concept in modern architecture and the meaning of boundary are examined, To apply properly design methodologies along with the importance of environment, the concept of environmental-friendly architecture should be first correctly established. And as the recent rapid development of technologies provides new possibilities for environmentally-friendly architecture, it is needed to have a new boundary concept and the interpretation of the meaning of boundary differentiated from the one of existing architecture. Recently the meaning of boundary is expanding its range to the relations with its neighboring environment beyond the relations with in and out of a space and has also the role as a medium for exchange and communication instead of breaking-off. Therefore, the boundary of environmental-friendly architecture alongside physical boundary is extended to the area for communication. Here, a basic boundary of architecture is maintained, but its meaning and expressions get natural shapes. The study deals with the analysis of the concept of environmental-friendly architecture and its changes from the perspective of times, environment and social backgrounds and seeks its appropriateness centered on environmental-friendly architecture Since 1980s when the issues of human and environment were raised in earnest.