• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.335-348
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• 2020

This study examines the cultural differences in Korea and the United Kingdom, and how they affect consumer complaint behavior(CCB). Technological advances allow consumers to easily access information anywhere in the world using the internet thus they demand even higher expectations from the sellers. Consumers from different cultural backgrounds, especially the millennial generation, have different ways of expressing a dissatisfying shopping experience. For this comparative study, in-depth interviews were conducted based on the methodology set by grounded theory. The results of the axial coding produced by recombining the data from open coding were visualized as a paradigm model. The main phenomenon of attitude towards complaining was formed following the causal conditions of dissatisfaction that occurred after purchasing fashion products online. The contextual condition, which is the cultural factors, affects the formation of the attitude towards complaining; and the intervening conditions, which are personal value and amplifications of dissatisfaction, had a moderating effect between the causal condition and the main phenomenon. Complaining costs, the likelihood of successful complaint, attribution, and the importance of the product were the determinants of the complaining behavior after the attitude towards complaining was formed. As a result, there were three classifications of consumer complaining behavior: no action, private action, and public action. This research will serve as a guide for online companies that wish to enter the UK fashion industry with a competitive edge.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.85-94
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• 2008

Internet shopping has been getting more rousing due to extension of supply with PC(personal computer) and a rapid rise of use of internet. Some companies have been continually researching in how to serve individuals with each ordered information, which aimed at getting ordinary customers to induce to be loyal customers. For that, there is progress of a service of a web-recommendation which considers individual attribution. This study is suggested a method which is a service of the web-recommendation by access to sensibility ergonomics approach. Previous studies established that service had a weak point. It did not manage to realize new needs of customers. Proposed service of the web-recommendation has been designed, which preferentially propose goods included customer's sensibility to the customer who wants it. This study is expected that it will encourage a rise of products' purchasing power of customers, make an increase in a profit of both sellers and people who operate electric commercial and satisfaction of customers will go up in the same. Also, products accord with sensibility of customers will be recommended customers by the suggested service of the web-recommendation. In addition, there will be a decline of time-consuming about making a choice among some products.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.3D
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• pp.347-356
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• 2009

This paper is described clustering analysis of traffic characteristics-based highway classification in order to deviate from methodologies of existing highway functional classification. This research focuses on comparing the clustering techniques performance based on the total within-group errors and deriving the optimal number of cluster. This research analyzed statistical clustering method (Hierarchical Ward's minimum-variance method, Nonhierarchical K-means method) and Kohonen self-organizing maps clustering method for highway characteristic classification. The outcomes of cluster techniques compared for the number of samples and traffic characteristics from subsets derived by the optimal number of cluster. As a comprehensive result, the k-means method is superior result to other methods less than 12. For a cluster of more than 20, Kohonen self-organizing maps is the best result in the cluster method. The main contribution of this research is expected to use important the basic road attribution information that produced the highway characteristic classification.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.935-946
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• 2016

This study aims to explore cognitive biases relating the core competences of science and instructional strategy in reducing the level of cognitive biases. The literature review method was used to explore cognitive biases and science education experts discussed the relevance of cognitive biases to science education. Twenty nine cognitive biases were categorized into five groups (limiting rational causal inference, limiting diverse information search, limiting self-regulated learning, limiting self-directed decision making, and category-limited thinking). The cognitive biases in limiting rational causal inference group are teleological thinking, availability heuristic, illusory correlation, and clustering illusion. The cognitive biases in limiting diverse information search group are selective perception, experimenter bias, confirmation bias, mere thought effect, attentional bias, belief bias, pragmatic fallacy, functional fixedness, and framing effect. The cognitive biases in limiting self-regulated learning group are overconfidence bias, better-than-average bias, planning fallacy, fundamental attribution error, Dunning-Kruger effect, hindsight bias, and blind-spot bias. The cognitive biases in limiting self-directed decision-making group are acquiescence effect, bandwagon effect, group-think, appeal to authority bias, and information bias. Lastly, the cognitive biases in category-limited thinking group are psychological essentialism, stereotyping, anthropomorphism, and outgroup homogeneity bias. The instructional strategy to reduce the level of cognitive biases is disused based on the psychological characters of cognitive biases reviewed in this study and related science education methods.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.54
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• pp.149-176
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to examine the degree of community integration of visually impaired people who have the limitation of mobility in comparison with another disabled and to find factors affecting community integration. The data were obtained through telephone interview with visually impaired people. The final sample was consisted of 1,004 respondents. The data were analyzed using statistical techniques such as crosstabulation, t-test, and hierarchical regression. In this study, the factors affecting community integration was divided into four dimensions : the attribution to disability, physical functioning, psychology and social support system. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, the factors affecting community integration of visually impaired people were age, education, economic status, social support, information support and participation of rehabilitation service. Second, the factors affecting community integration of the low vision and the blind are the limitation of daily activities and social support. But the factors affecting community integration of the blind are participation of education for braille and that of the low vision are information support and participation of rehabilitation service. Finally, the person losing eyesight since school age were the more limitation of daily activities than the person losing eyesight in babyhood. The factors affect community integration of the former are social support, information support, participation of education for braille, and rehabilitation service. The current findings suggest that intervention and policy aimed at improving social support system and formal services such as education, rehabilitation services should be considered by rehabilitation professionals and policy makers.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2020

Recently, the number of APT(Advanced Persistent Threats) attack using malware has been increasing, and research is underway to prevent and detect them. While it is important to detect and block attacks before they occur, it is also important to make an effective response through an accurate analysis for attack case and attack type, these respond which can be determined by analyzing the attack group of such attacks. Therefore, this paper propose a framework based on genetic algorithm for analyzing malware and understanding attacker group's features. The framework uses decompiler and disassembler to extract related code in collected malware, and analyzes information related to author through code analysis. Malware has unique characteristics that only it has, which can be said to be features that can identify the author or attacker groups of that malware. So, we select specific features only having attack group among the various features extracted from binary and source code through the authorship clustering method, and apply genetic algorithm to accurate clustering to infer specific features. Also, we find features which based on characteristics each group of malware authors has that can express each group, and create profiles to verify that the group of authors is correctly clustered. In this paper, we do experiment about author classification using genetic algorithm and finding specific features to express author characteristic. In experiment result, we identified an author classification accuracy of 86% and selected features to be used for authorship analysis among the information extracted through genetic algorithm.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.50-62
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to develop scale of test taker to affect on process of selection of college. The study procedures were performed as follow : establish of study model, item generation, verification of content validity, 1st and 2nd pilot test and verification of construct validity and reliability. In order to verification of validity and reliability, 230 freshman were surveyed and the data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, skewness. kurtosis, Pearson correlation, Verimax factor analysis and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. As result of factor analysis, the 15 factors(61 items) that explain 68.37% of the total variance were extracted and each factors were classified by attribution as follow : Information collection-mass media(4items), college activity (3items), support and environment(4items), education(5items), Influential person on decision making(3items), education quality(4items), education service(5items), reputation(3items), accessibility(2items), personal circumstances(2items), college's mass media(5items), promotion (4items), on-line(4items), person's PR (3items), College image(10items). Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ of total items was 0.916 and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ of each factors were showed range between 0.694~0.878. Measurement scale of this study may be utilized to collect basic data be required to establish policy strategy of local college be faced with difficulty of admission recruitment.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.63-73
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• 2008

Recent years have seen an explosion of interest in interactive agents motivating human learners to engage in edutainment systems which are designed to be entertaining and educational at the same time. Especially, work on socio-emotional processes has focus on understanding of human's social behavior in training and entertainment a applications. In contrast with work on social emotion, where research groups have developed detailed models of emotional processes, models of personality have emphasized shallow surface behavior. Here, we build on computational appraisal models of emotion to better characterize dispositional differences in how people come to understand social situations. Known as explanatory style, this dispositional factor plays a key role in social interactions and certain socio-emotional disorders, such as depression. Building on appraisal and attribution theories, we model key conceptual variables underlying the explanatory style, and enable agents to exhibit different explanatory tendencies with respect to their personalities. Furthermore, we developed an interactive AR agent based on our framework and applied it into an interactive teaming system that allows participants to explore individual differences in the explanation of social events, with the goal of encouraging the development of perspective laking and emotion-regulatory skills.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.59-74
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze reasonable green area ratios for mitigating urban heat island considering various land use types. Land uses of 5 types such as single residential, multi residential, commercial area, public facility, and industrial area were considered. Green areas were extracted from the tree attribution of land cover. Effect of urban heat island was analysed by the surface temperature of ASTER thermal infrared radiance scanned daytime and nighttime. Mitigation effect of green area at daytime was higher than nighttime. Surface temperature of green area was low in single residential at daytime. But the difference of surface temperature by each land use type was small. The effect of surface temperature mitigation of green area was lower in industrial area. The results of reasonable green area ratios for mitigating urban heat island indicate that surface temperature was the lowest with green area ratio of 40~50% in single residential, multi residential, and commercial area at daytime. Surface temperature of nighttime was not changed much by green area ratios. Therefore, the results of this study will be suggested in urban development planning to construct effectively green area for mitigating urban heat island.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.52
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• pp.69-89
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• 2010

We investigated the frames represented in the news media coverage in Korean daily newspapers during dismissal procedure of the director-general of the public service broadcaster, KBS. We analyzed 470 newspaper stories in the period surrounding the dismissal. The use of news frames in newspapers depended on the disposition of outlets, conservative or progressive. Conservative newspapers, ChoSun and DongA, described the dismissal of the director -general with a generally favorable or supportive view, but progressive outlets, Hankyoreh and KyeongHyang, reported more and non-favorable for the issue. Our results showed that conservative newspapers more often used episodic and cause for dismissal frame in the presentation of news, whereas progressive more often used thematic and media independence frames. Main frames commonly used in the news are the cause for dismissal, conflict, media independence, and regime maintenance, respectively, which are formed by 9 minor news frames. Conservative newspapers concentered on the cause attribution; management responsibility, conflicts, and dismissal procedures, but progressive focused on media independence and dismissal procedures. All newspapers selectively quoted groups, institutions and actors to enhance their messages and frames. Finally, there was significant difference between stories in each newspapers and the court's ruling for the dismissal.