• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.353-366
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• 2021

Objectives: An appropriate level of cost support is being proposed to maximize the participation rate. In addition, as the amount of support is highly concentrated at the level of the limit under the current level of supports, the level of cost support is low when the actual level of cost of measuring the working environment exceeds the limit. This paper describes the adjustment of an appropriate cost support rate. Methods: First, this paper analyzes the current cost support status using data from the KOSHA. Second, an alternative for adjusting the cost support rate is presented in consideration of the incentive aspect. Third, we present simulation results for the average cost support rate, the impact of each alternative on finance, and more. Fourth, the most desirable adjustment method is presented after comparing and analyzing the results of various alternatives. Results: In this paper, we present a new scale model. This model is a mixture of flat-rate, fixed rate, and subside cap. It is expected that the new model will not only facilitate participation in businesses with low measurement costs, but also have the effect of controlling measurement costs for institutions that incur greater costs. It is also expected that setting a cap will have the effect of considering government finances and inducing excessively costly institutions to reduce costs. Thus, the new model is likely to be superior to others. If the fourth plan is applied to new businesses and the fifth plan is applied to sustainable businesses, the average cost support rates will be 87.68 percent and 65.18 percent, respectively, and the needed finances will be 2.5 billion won, 18.8 billion won, and 21.3 billion won in total. Conclusions: It seems most desirable to introduce a new model that combines flat-rate, fixed-rate, and subsidy cap systems and achieve an appropriate cost support rate through this model.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.155-167
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• 2022

Purpose : Accumulation of accurate data regarding the use and adequacy of subsidies is important to provide optimal development rehabilitation services. However, no reports have discussed the status regarding the use and adequacy of subsidies available for motor development rehabilitation as a part of development rehabilitation services in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. In this study, we investigated the current use and subsidy adequacy of motor development rehabilitation as an essential part of development rehabilitation services in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. Methods : The study included parents of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy, who underwent motor development rehabilitation of development rehabilitation services (n=148). The participants were administered a questionnaire to investigate the current use and subsidy adequacy of the motor development rehabilitation part of development rehabilitation services. Results : Most respondents indicated that 310,000-410,000 /month was an appropriate subsidy and agreed that the subsidy should be extended to adults with cerebral palsy. We observed a significant difference in the appropriate subsidy based on age groups (p=.029), as well as type of development rehabilitation service most needed (p=.005) and whether or not agree to extend the subsidy to adults according to gross motor function classification system level (p=.015). There were significant relations of appropriate subsidy (p<.001) and appropriateness of copay (p=.004) according to degree of transportation cost burden. Moreover, there were significant relations of appropriateness of current subsidy (p=.015) and appropriate subsidy (p<.001) according to degree of inconvenience of using transportation. Conclusion : This study highlights the need to increase subsidies for motor development rehabilitation of development rehabilitation services and that the subsidy should be determined based on the burden of transportation costs and the inconvenience of using transportation. Development rehabilitation service for adults with cerebral palsy should also be supported.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.531-542
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• 2022

As buildings become taller, the strength of structural materials must increase and the amount of rebar reinforcement also increases while the application of an appropriate rebar splice method in the construction process become one of the essential factors. In this research, the current status of quality check for rebar coupler is identified by an expert questionnaire and an appropriate quality check method is proposed through a quality test on specimens similar to actual on-site construction. In the test results, it was revealed that, among the quality check methods for rebar coupler joints, the coupler tightening method and face to face degree of between upper and lower rebar did not affect the strength the specimen. Therefore, it is considered to be an appropriate way to check the coupler quality check to check whether the threads are completely assembled during on-site construction through manufacture the number of threads of rebar and coupler with a margin beyond the calculated thread number.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.13-27
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• 2023

This study analyzed the reasons for extending the construction period considering factors such as the quality of construction materials, safety and cost-effectiveness of construction, size of construction, academic schedule, and local conditions (complaints) when determining the appropriate period for school construction projects tailored to a specific region or educational office. Based on the example of construction projects for school facility improvement by education office A, this study conducted a case study to identify the motives for construction period extension. To determine the appropriate construction period for school facilities, this study conducted a comprehensive review of construction projects under the jurisdiction of education office A, examined data from the Meteorological Data Open Portal, and performed advanced statistical analysis. Future case studies must determine the appropriate construction period for school facilities in a rational and systematics.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.46-53
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• 2019

It should be supported by the ease and economic production in terms of appropriate technology to be widely used in the real applying fields. In particular, the diagnosis of diseases is one of the most difficult areas to apply to the developing countries compared to other fields because of the high costs of professional manpower, equipment, and medial reagents. In recent years, paper, which is one of the most common materials around, has been used to fabricate the disease diagnostic chips, particularly without any special facilities or the equipment. These new technologies lead the possibility of using point-of-care testing devices that can be manufactured quickly in the field by lowering the production cost. These paperbased technologies will contribute to solve many of the deadliest medical problems in developing countries and ultimately improve the quality of human life.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.96-107
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• 2018

Korea is the only country which had been helped from developed countries and is now helping developing countries. Various ODA programs have been actively conducted by Korea after joining the OECD in 1999. Recently, Korea increases the ODA funds to achieve the goal of ODA/GNI ratio 0.2% until 2020. Science and technology ODA (so called appropriate technology) is a huge issue because the departments or agencies of Korean government also increase ODA funds. This research will provide the information of Korean science and technology ODA according to the research areas and funding sources since 1999.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.231-241
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• 2023

Purpose: Overtriage and undertriage rates are critical metrics in trauma, influenced by both trauma team activation (TTA) criteria and compliance with these criteria. Analysis of undertriaged patients at a level I trauma center revealed suboptimal compliance with existing criteria. This study assessed triage patterns after implementing compliance-focused process interventions. Methods: A physician-driven, free-text alert system was modified to a nonphysician, hospital dispatcher-guided system. The latter employed dropdown menus to maximize compliance with criteria. The preintervention period included patients who presented between May 12, 2020, and December 31, 2020. The postintervention period incorporated patients who presented from May 12, 2021, through December 31, 2021. We evaluated appropriate triage, overtriage, and undertriage using the Standardized Trauma Assessment Tool. Statistical analyses were conducted with an α level of 0.05. Results: The new system was associated with improved compliance with existing TTA criteria (from 70.3% to 79.3%, P=0.023) and decreased undertriage (from 6.0% to 3.2%, P=0.002) at the expense of increasing overtriage (from 46.6% to 57.4%, P<0.001), ultimately decreasing the appropriate triage rate (from 78.4% to 74.6%, P=0.007). Conclusions: This study assessed a workflow change designed to improve compliance with TTA criteria. Improved compliance decreased undertriage to below the target threshold of 5%, albeit at the expense of increased overtriage. The decrease in appropriate triage despite compliance improvements suggests that the current criteria at this institution are not adequately tailored to optimally balance the minimization of undertriage and overtriage. This finding underscores the importance of improved compliance in evaluating the efficacy of TTA criteria.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.113-120
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• 2007

For the cases of constructing reinforced earth and gabion walls on the soft ground, an appropriate replacement area of soft ground required to maintain the stability of walls was investigated by FEM analyses. Incremental analyses were performed in FEM, in which construction sequences including consolidation of soft soil layer were simulated. As a first step to suggest the appropriate replacement area, a series of analyses for cases varying the replacement depth were conducted to examine the behaviors of wall and adjacent ground according to the construction sequence. The analysis results were, then, evaluated with the proper limiting values of displacements of wall, settlements and shear strains of ground to guarantee the stability of walls, which were specified based on the literature review. Consequently, the typical construction drawings could be suggested, in which appropriate replacement areas for varying wall heights for the ground condition investigated in this study were represented in terms of the ratio of replacement depth to the height of wall.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.297-305
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate knowledge, attitude, and compliance regarding hand hygiene according to the profession of ICU health care providers. Method: Data were collected by questionnaires and by recording of direct observations of 143 health care providers in 4 intensive care units. With SPSS/WIN 12.0 t-test, ANOVA, and ${\chi}^2-test$ were used to analyze the data. Results: The level of knowledge regarding handwashing among the nurses was higher and a more positive attitude was shown compared to physicians. Overall handwashing compliance was low among all ICU health care providers, but nurses had better compliance than any other health care providers and significantly higher frequency for handwashing before care and after care activities. All of professions had lower scores on the appropriate length of time for handwashing and areas that need to be scrubbed. The level for nurses was medium and for physicians, the lowest of all professions. The appropriate agent for handwashing and the method of drying for handwashing compliance was high in all professions. Conclusion: The results suggest that multidisciplinary interventions are needed to develop an environment for appropriate handwashing as well as to reinforce importance of handwashing compliance for health care providers.

• International Journal of Railway
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.60-69
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• 2009

In recent years, technology developments in different countries, especially in newly industrialized countries, are extremely indebted to appropriate technology transfer by these countries. Nevertheless the technology transfer process in the present situation is complex, and its success is related to the coordination rate with the political, economic, social, and environmental objectives of countries. Today debates related to the transfer of the technical know how accompanied by equipment hardware has found remarkable importance such that countries seek increasing comprehensive capabilities in the field of transferred technology for which Preventive Maintenance (PM) is one of the aspects. This research with the purpose to determine the technological capability level and to study the role of PM in the effective & appropriate technology transfer in subway industry is carried out for presenting a suitable model for the technology transfer in this industry with an attitude towards the effects of principal PM factors. For this purpose, after the study of different and relevant models existing in the field of suitable methods for technology transfer, some equipment PM theories and models were selected as the base for the compilation of the questionnaire. With the help of questionnaire, main PM factors that are effective in the field of technology transfer were extracted, and finally, their effects on technology transfer were analyzed, identified and a comprehensive model suggested in this connection.