• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.1 s.139
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• pp.114-123
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to see how Korean American people use and negotiate appearance in the US. 22 Korean American women at the age of 20s to 50s were interviewed and the verbatim texts from the interviews were interpreted. Discourses on appearance style followed by consumer stories such as American vs. Korean culture, gender, class, generation as well as personal background were recorded. The results of this study revealed that Korean Americans had diverse interpretations about their appearance and styling to fit the condition of their everyday lives. Korean immigrants did not simply assimilate dominant culture over time but maintained transcultural identities depending on contexts. This study showed that researches dealing with cultural variables could have more insights about personal experiences and social meaning processes through interpretative approach.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.101-118
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• 2003

This paper describes pop stars' fashion style by the changes of pop music from the 1950's of the formative Period of a rock-n-roll to the 1990's. The author could examine the features of pop music as follows : the 1950's rock-n-roll, the 1960's rock and Psychedelic rock. the 1970's punk rock, the 1980's new wave and the 1990's reggae·hip-hop. Based on the examination, the author could do sampling of the fashion style, on which current pop music had influence, by rock style, new wave style, and reggae hip-hop style. The rock style makes appearance again as a new style when it is recently accepted to be a fashion. The 1960's hippie, which contains long-cherished desire of antiwar and peace after September 11, 2001 Attack on America and the Afghan War. reappeared as luxurious hippie, and the hybrid punk has been made because barriers between cultures have been collapsed to mix items and combine contradicting components at fashion field. The new wave style destroys sex difference of clothes. and men's clothes style has introduced women's dress style, so that androgynous style, which has handsome boy image with womanlike hair style and makeup, and the lingerie style without distinction of underwear and outer garment has made appearance through new cloth wearing ways and overexposure. The reggae and hip-hop style makes appearance to overcome social strata, groups, ages, regions and gender, etc and become one of the 21s1 century culture codes. In conclusion, pop music have played very important roles until expansion and popularity of new fashion style, and has been quickly expanded by mass media development. When the pop music fashion styles are introduced to high fashion, fashion styles have become more polished and high-qualify to expand them at main fashion world again.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.79-91
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of women's attitudes toward women's underwear on image-creation efficacy and appearance management attitude. A total of 405 surveys of women working at an industrial complex in the Daegu-Kyoungbuk area were used for data analysis. Frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis were used for data analysis. The findings were as follows. The sub-factors of women's attitudes regarding women's underwear were found to be 'aesthetics/body-style compensation', 'ostentation', 'functionality', and 'manner estimation' and the sub-factors of image-making efficacy were 'display confidence', 'face-image confidence' and 'display ability'. Appearance management attitude had factors such as total coordination, weight management, skin management, and pursuit of change. Aesthetics/body-style compensation, functionality, and ostentation, which were sub-variables of attitudes toward underwear, had a significant influence on image-creation efficacy. Aesthetics/body-style compensation and ostentation had significant influences on appearance management attitude. Aesthetics/body-style compensation was found to have a significant influence on all sub-variables of both image-creation efficacy and appearance management attitude.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.307-318
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• 1997

I observed the important factors of clothing transition - Changes of Korean clothing & reception of Western-style dress - through the survey of the clothing of girl students during the period of enlightenment(1900∼1945) in this study as follows. 1) Stop to use of a long hood an old-fashioned woman shawI(once used to cover th head and upper body when going out). 2) Appearance of same colored Korean costume of the upper and lower sides. 3) Appearance of a short seamless one-piece skirt with a pair of shoulder girdles. 4) Appearance of school uniform, upper white lower black-Korean costume. 5) Appearance of school uniform, Western style. 6) Appearance of sports-wear. 7) Reformation of under-wear. 8) Appearance of short hair. 9) Appearance of socks & stockings and shoes.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.799-807
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examined which the pursuing image, make-up and hair style desire on their wedding day and how the future brides managed their appearance for the wedding. This qualitative research was based on the data collected by in-depth interviews with 15 brides in their 20s, 30s and 40s who reside in Daegu and Gyeongbuk. The results of the study are shown follow: The images that the brides most pursued for the wedding day were elegant images and refine images. The favorite wedding-dress styles of brides were elegant, refine, lovely, classical, and natural style in order of preference. The design of the dress was top priority when selecting the wedding-dress and it was followed by the function that complements anyones' shape. The brides liked natural style wedding make-up most and refine and young one followed. They considered eye make-up most important after skin expression, that is, covering defects of their skin. Concerning wedding hair styles, an up-style which is typical for wedding is desired most and a natural flowing hair style second. Regarding fitness, they mainly took physical exercise and went on a diet which is not unreasonably harsh.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.28
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• pp.137-150
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• 1996

The objectives of this study were to classify daily clothing selection motives and to group men into life style types and to examine the differences in daily clothing selection motives according to the life style types. Questionnaire comprised of three sections: 36 Likert type items of life style measure; 29 Likert type items of daily clothing selection motives measure: and 4 demographic variables. Samples were 267 salary men in gheir 20's to 30's in Seoul Korea. The data were analyzed using factor analy-sis cluster analysis one-way ANOVA Dun-can's multiple range test and t-test. 1. Five factors of life style were derived by factor analysis ; F. 1 'appearance oriented' f. 2. 'positive activity' F. 3 'economy oriented': F.4 'active-leisure';F. 5 'contemporary' Four types of life style of men were defined by cluster analysis of the five factors: T. 1'posi-tive activity'; T. 2.'economy interest'; T. 3'contemporary' : T 2'economy interest' T.3'contemporary' ; T. 4 'appearance interest' 2. Four factors of daily clothing selection motives were derived by factor analysis: F.1 'clothing harmony'; F.2 'clothing utility'; F.3 'psychological influence'; F.4 'exogenous situ-ation adaptation 3. There were significant differences in daily clothing selection motives according to the life style types. The types of positive activity economy interest and contemporary had 'clothing utility' motive more than appearance interest type. Economy interest type had 'hpsychological influence' motive more than other three types. Economy interest type and appearance interest type had 'exogenous situ-ation adaptation' motive more than other two types 4. 20's and unmarried men had'psychological influence' motive more than 30's and married. Upper class had 'clothing harmony' and 'ex-ogeneous situation adaptation' motives more than middle and low. Men with less education had ' clothing utility' and 'exogenous situation adaptation' motives more than did more edu-cation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.87-98
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• 2002

The purpose of this research is to investigate the difference on c1othing image evaluation in the ratings between men and women. For this study, pilot test was conducted to 50 clothing majored university students to explore the stimulus of 'cute', 'casual', 'sexy', 'elegant', 'intelligent', 'formal', 'romantic', 'individual', 'refined' for the 9 each image styles from the 32 spring wears in fashion magazine $\ulcorner$FARBE$\lrcorner$(March. 2000). On the basis of the preliminary survey, the question items explored the 15 pairs of polar adjectives as seven-point Likert Scale. The main survey was preceded 94 female and 111 man of university students from March 13 to 24 in 2000, twice for 7-days interval. There were significant differences between the two sexes for each style image ratings. It was found that the female was recorded mote ordinary, stable. refined. superior, plain, like than the male for intelligent style. Meanwhile, the intelligent style was evaluated well on in years by female, but male young. The female tended that elegance style was more stable, warm and less young than the male. The cute style was evaluated more light, tender, feminine, young by the female than the male, find the female looked warm while the male cool. The formal style was more stable, unrefined. solid, unfamiliar dislike, old by the female than the male. The casual style was revealed plain and warm by the female while splendor and cool by the male, the female more active, tender, familiar than the male and individual, attractive and poor quality than the female. The sexy style was evaluated more active, good appearance, young than the female, tender than the male and the female dislike a bit while the male like. The female evaluated the refined style for more stable. refined. superior good appearance and nature than the male. The romantic style was evacuated more like, refined, superior, good appearance nature and familiar by the male, but the female a bit unfamiliar. The individual style was revealed that the female evaluated cool and a bit dislike while the male warm and like, and the male more refined, feminine, young than female.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.877-884
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• 2007

Today the number of economically independent women are increasing in Korea, they have a tendency to pay more attention to their appearance in their social life. Female university students show a high tendency of that kind, especially when they prepare for their job interviews. They purchase beauty products, visit beauty salons and skin care centers to improve their looks. Above all, their interest in nail art is amazingly increasing for maintaining their self-image. This study thus aims at surveying the relationship between college woman's life style and their interest in nail care, by analysing life styles of college women pursuing up-to-date style. The results show that an 'egoistic' type has a high interest in and a high frequency of using a nail care center, and 'egoistic' type's demand for the nail service is equal to or quite higher than 'appearance-oriented' type's. That means that the 'egoistic' type seems to pay much attention to how they look, because they think their neat appearance help to accomplish their ego.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.68-77
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• 2012

Hair style takes a large part in emphasizing to the appearance and the effect of image transformation with fashion to the modern people whose competition is appearance in 21 century. According to the development of mass media and the exchange of the life style. Image creation which correspond to T.P.O is needed and style-up is also required in modern costume, as the coordination for special day is routinized. In this study, the expression of a fine and organic line shown as a motive in Art Nouveau style's works is applied to style-up design and a new view sight to the style-up design through the art history is suggested with developing style-up design to satisfy the upgraded customer's requirements. The feminine beauty is appeared as a various image by applying style-up design from Art Nouveau style through this study. and the infinite possibility to the design development can be found with activated motive of Art Nouveau. These Art Nouveau trend will be a foundation to the inspiration of high artistic design and will be helpful to the aesthetic satisfaction of the elegance modern people. Therefore, I hope this study will be a fundamental data for creative development of hair design through the art history which may be forgetting.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.227-238
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of women's life-style on image evaluation of clothing styles, and on their selection of clothing styles by situations. The subject of investigation was 441 women above 20 living in Daegu. 6 types of clothing styles including classic, casual, elegant, dramatic, romantic, and mannish and 7 social situations including shopping near house, shopping in a busy street, cultural center, wedding ceremony, eating out, alumni meeting or fraternity meeting, and couples meeting were used for this study. Data analysis was performed using SPSS package, which included factor analysis, reliability test, cluster analysis, frequency, percentage, ANOVA, and $\chi$$^2$-test. The results are summarized as follows; 1. Adult women could be classified into 5 groups including activist, in-activist, the leisured well-off, the wholesomely economical, and the appearance showing-off by their life-styles. 2. The clothing image according to the 6 clothing styles was different. In the image evaluation of each clothing style by life-style groups, in-active group thought classic style most functional and leisured well-off group, mannish style. Elegant style and dramatic style were estimated positively by the leisured well-off and the appearance showing-off. 3. Selection of clothing style differed according to situations. More formal the situation was, more formal style tended to be selected and for less formal situation, active and mannish style was selected.