• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.3525-3537
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• 1996

This paper presents a CAD program develpoed on a microcomputer in order to support graphic and computational assessment of ergonomic problems associated with the design of a man-in-cab system. The program is coded to help workspace designers with ergonomic evaluations needed in the design stage. This paper proposed a biomechanical -ergonomic evaluations needed using man and workplace models. The human model is developed to have dimensions obtained from the Korean anthropometric data reported in 1992. Its graphical representation is based on a wire-frame model but, whenever necessary, body segments can be represented by a solid model with hidden line/faces removed and shaded. Workplace models are presented for cabs of the excavator, one of the most popular construction vehicles. A workplace model consists of an operator seat, a steering wheel. two control levers, two pedals, and a control panel. The workplace elements can be modified in their sizes, positions, and orientations by changing the reference point and design parameters. An algorithm for the view test is suggested and loaded to provide a visual evaluaiton of the overall layout of a workplace model.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.638-647
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• 2004

This study surveyed some general fit problem of the ready-to-wear slacks of women in 20＇s. A questionnaire survey was administered to 80 women in 20＇s. 14 body dimensions were measured fer 53 women among the subjects who participated in this survey. Their anthropometric data were analyzed and the difference between actual and perceived body shape was compared. The results of this study showed that the subjects experienced poor slacks fit at thigh, crotch, and hip areas. Occasionally subjects altered the waist size of slacks after purchasing them. Despite the subjects＇ waist measurement was ranged from 22 to 33 inches, most of them purchased slacks with size 26 or 27 inches. The researchers claimed that the manufacturers did not provide various slacks sizes for women in 20＇s. The subjects, who had problems with poor slacks ft, preferred to buy customized slacks. The most of subjects preferred to buy mass customized slacks to have chance to choose their own style from pool of various styles. The subjects tended to perceive their body size larger than actual at hip and thigh. The most critical body dimension reflected their perception on lower body fitness was waist circumference.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.416-426
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• 2019

This study measured and analyzed male firefighters hand sizes as well as suggested data for developing firefighting gloves with a good fit. Accordingly, body dimensions related to the hand were measured for 100 male firefighters. Twenty-three measuring items related to the hand and lower arm were selected. The firefighters' measurement data were compared to general adult male measurements from the 6th Korean Anthropometric data to analyze the hand sizes characteristics of firefighters. As a result, height, hand circumference, hand breadth, wrist circumference, elbow-wrist length, forearm-fingertip length and firefighter weight were significantly larger than adult males. A correlation analysis for 23 items was conducted to select items used as standards for setting a size when manufacturing firefighting gloves. Hand length and circumference were selected as representative hand parts for making firefighting gloves. Cross analysis between hand length and circumference were conducted to find the section showing the highest distribution ratio. As a result, the highest sections were between 19cm and 21cm for hand circumference and between 18.5cm and 19.5cm for hand length, which may be suggested as the most important ranges.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.443-450
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• 2022

This study developed a three-dimensional helmet mold design software that can design helmets for treating the infant plagiocephaly (flat head syndrome) using three-dimensional head scan data. For this, the three-dimensional head data of sixth SizeKorea body measurement project as well as the data produced by a head modeling software were used to prepare the head shape data of plagiocephaly patients. A total of 14 landmarks and 10 dimensions of heads required for helmet mold shape design and plagiocephaly diagnosis were automatically measured using an anthropometric analysis software. Using the software developed in this study, plagiocephaly can be diagnosed not only visually by three-dimensional head data visualization but also quantitatively by calculating the medically defined indices such as cranial index, which measures the proportions of the head, and the cranial vault asymmetry index, which measures the asymmetry of the head. The basic shape of the helmet mold was automatically generated based on the head scan data. Additionally, it is possible to fine tune the shape of the mold to reflect individual characteristics by using a free form deformation technique. Finally, the designed helmet mold was converted into the data that can be printed on a three-dimensional printer for generating the actual prototype.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.21-37
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• 2023

This study aimed to classify the hand types of adult males aged 20 to 69 years using three-dimensional measurement data from the 2020 8th Korean Anthropometric Survey, the latest measurement data from the National Institute of Standards and Technology Size Korea, and explore the characteristics of each type. Through this, I aimed to draw implications for the development of work gloves. The factors that make up an adult male's hand were categorized into hand and finger thickness factors, palm length factors, and finger length factors. Adult male hands were categorized into four types: small, thin hands and long fingers; thick, long fingers; medium, short hands and fingers; and large, thin, short fingers. The analysis showed that the younger the age, the more slender and long the hands and fingers, and as age increased, hands and fingers became shorter and thicker. Implications for the development of work gloves included the need for size segmentation based on the age of the work glove user, changes in the way glove dimensions are set based on hand length and hand circumference, and the need to segment gloves by the type of work. Hand typing in future research should be done according to occupational groups, and glove patterns should be developed for each type of work based on the results of this study.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.511-530
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• 2023

This study aims to analyze middle-aged men's frontal body shape asymmetry by measuring the left and right body dimensions and angles of 388 middle-aged men aged 40 to 59 using 3D body scan data and comparing the measured values. The study also compares the measured values of width, height, and angle and their relationships using Size Korea's anthropometric measurement and posture index of the New York Posture Rating Scale. The results confirm that the asymmetric shape characteristics of the upper and lower body appear differently. In addition, the asymmetrical characteristics between the upper and lower body differed, indicating that the close parts of the body affect each other. Similar to the difference in the left and right frontal body shapes and the average angle distribution, the asymmetrical upper and lower body characteristics also are found to be dissimilar when the correlations are examined. In contrast, there is no asymmetry in the width, height, and angle considering the age and BMI groups. Finally, the study classifies three body types and identifies their asymmetric characteristics. Overall, this study contributes primary data for further research on pattern production for asymmetric and unique body types and the development of customized apparel products.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.489-497
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• 2002

This study was conducted to determine if Mehrabian's eating-related characteristics questionnaire could be effectively applied in predicting obesity and eating disorders among Korean college students by examining the correlations between eating-related characteristics and anthropometry, nutrient intakes, psychological aspects of depression, and personality dimensions. The data were collected from 151 female students in classes of nutrition or psychology in Kyungnam University. Measurements of height, weight and triceps skinfold thickness (TSf) were made by well-trained interviewers, and BMI was calculated. Daily nutrient intakes were obtained from the self-reported three-day dietary records for the kinds and the amounts of foods consumed by the student subjects. The students were also asked to complete three questionnaires : Mehrabian's eating-related characteristics questionnaire, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, and the Berk Depression Inventory. The results of the study were as follows : 1) Reliability of factored homogeneous item dimensions (FHIDS) of the translated version of the eating-related characteristics questionnaire showed a similar profile compared with the original. Moreover, the loading values of Cronbach-$\alpha$ for some FHIDs, which were excluded in order to constitute primary-level factors (for example, 'predisposition to obesity' etc) with a high reliability, were much lower than Mehrabian's. Therefore the eating-related characteristics questionnaire could be effectively used for Korean students for predicting predisposition to obesity and eating disorders. 2) With regard to the relationship between anthropometric indices and eating-related characteristics, BMI measurements showed a high and a positive correlation with 'predisposition to obesity' and 'uncontrollable urges to eat', and a negative correlation with a 'predisposition to anorexia'. The heavier body weight and the more fat mass that the subjects had, the higher the probability that the subjects were overeating. 3) The intakes of some minerals (Fe, K, Na) and Vitamin C showed significantly negative correlations with a 'predisposition to obesity' and a 'predisposition to anorexia'. But the intakes of vitamin B$_2$, niacin, and retinol were positively correlated with'uncontrollable urges to eat'. 4) Among personality dimensions, neuroticism had a positive correlation with a 'predisposition to obesity', 'uncontrollable urges to eat', and 'predisposition to anorexia'. 5) Neuroticism was negatively correlated with intakes of calories, carbohydrates, K, Fe, Vitamin C, etc. On the contrary, all personality dimensions were positively correlated with intakes of retinol. In conclusion, the translated version of Mehrabian's eating-related characteristics questionnaire appears to be effective for nutritional or psychological assessments of any predisposition to eating disorders among Korean college students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.12 s.138
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• pp.1605-1616
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the commonly accepted ease for a custom-fit business jacket, which provides all customers with the optimum fit regarding their individual body sizes, shapes as well as their personal preference, and also to characterize the factors which affects the ease amount, thereby, supply the reference data to manufacturers of the apparel industry. This study consisted of anthropometric measurements as well as sensory evaluations, and analysed ease amount by body sizes, ages, fit satisfaction, self-perception of body, and the prefered fit levels. There were 272 subjects for anthropometric measurement of which 128 subjects were applied for ease analysis and sensory evaluation. The subjects were males of 20 to 65 years old. The ease at chest was the most sensitive to body sizes and shapes, while waist and hip were easily modified to accommodate the silhouette of the jacket. The main dimensions affecting individual perceptions of fit and ease were the characteristics of body shape, in particular, girth, followed by age. Customers paided most attention to the shoulder fit while customers who preferred a more fitted line showed more concern with ease for jacket fit. It was clearly observable in case of waist fit preference. In addition, the preferred fit at chest, waist and hip would be changed by the perception of ons's hip size.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.73-87
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• 2018

As men in their 30s are spending more money on clothing, it is becoming increasingly important to first conduct an anthropometric study and then develop garment patterns accommodating the changes found in body sizes and types of men in their 30s, in order to effectively address their fit dissatisfaction. Thus this study aims to explore changes in upper body sizes and body types of men in their 30s, which provide basic measurements for designing major garment items including jackets and shirts. To this purpose, key anthropometric dimensions of the upper body of men in their 30s, taken from the 6th (2015) and 7th (2016) surveys conducted by Size Korea, were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 for Windows. Independent sample t-tests were conducted on major upper body sizes to track changes with measuring time. Factor and cluster analyses were used to classify body types. By comparing the two surveys, it was found that the overall body sizes of men in their 30s were increasing in height-related items, circumference, thickness, and width, -as well as body weight and BMIs. Upper body height-related items, in particular, showed a higher average value in the 6th survey than in the 7th, indicating that the overall body types of men are becoming "westernized" with longer legs and shorter torso. Finally, five factors were derived to determine the typical upper body types of men in their 30s and the body types were classified into three categories according to the cluster analysis. First, those with a relatively small build with short stature and torso. Second, those with the highest stature and vertical dimension with the smallest torso volume and least body fatness. Third, those with the biggest torso volume and most body fatness with bigger width between armpits and shoulders. The distributional pattern analysis showed that men in their 30s tend to have increasingly higher stature but lower body weight and BMIs than in the past, implying that their body types are becoming close to those of men in their 20s.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.6 s.165
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• pp.892-901
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• 2007

This research is the initial step for establishing a convertible body sizing table applicable to the Korean and American female apparel industry. All 3D female measurement data of the two countries were obtained from Size Korea Project and SizeUSA Project. The sample subjects used in this study were 1,988 Korean and 6,306 American females. Thirty-four(34) variables were chosen as the principal measurements in making garments. The conclusion of this research was as follow: First, it was determined that American women were larger and longer than Korean women in all measurement except shoulder slope measurement. Second, according to the differences analysis of the each age group in Korean Females, all measurements except hip girth had significant differences among the age groups. In case of American females, all measurements except arm length(shoulder to wrist) had significant differences among the age groups. Third, in the comparison of differences between the age groups of the two countries' women, some dimensions varied significantly with age, while others did not show any statistical significance among the age groups. Fourth, according to the t-tests of same age groups between Korean & American female measurements, American female measurements were larger and longer than Korean in all measurements except crotch length total, shoulder slope, hip girth-bust girth and hip girth-waist girth.