• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.05
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• pp.249-252
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• 1997

A study on static and dynamic socket pressure distributions on a trans-femoral amputee with a suction socket was performed in order to assess an optimal socket fitting and function. Even for the amputee's static neutral position, pressure concentrations were observed in the lateral, medial, and posterior planes of the socket. During free walking, a significant movement of pressure concentration areas was observed. Large socket pressure was observed in the lateral, medial-anterior and posterior walls during mid-stance or push-off period. Socket pressure measurement will be one of the good tool to determine the optimal socket-limb interface.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.194-199
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• 2016

EMG has specific information which is related to movements according to the activities of muscles. Therefore, users can intuitively control a prosthesis. For this reason, biosignals are very useful and convenient in this kind of application. Bioimpednace also provides specific information about movements like EMG. In this study, we used both EMG and bioimpedance to classify the typical hand gestures such as hand open, hand close, no motion (rest), supination, and pronation. Nine able-bodied subjects and one amputee were used as experimental data set. The accuracy was $98{\pm}1.9%$ when 2 bio-impedance and 8 EMG channels were used together for normal subjects. The number of EMG channels affected the accuracy, but it was stable when more than 5 channels were used. For the amputee, the accuracy is higher when we use both of them than when using only EMG. Therefore, accurate and stable hand motion estimation is possible by adding bioimepedance which shows structural information and EMG together.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.82-85
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• 2013

If the replantation on the original position is not possible, the amputated tissue of a hand may be used as a donor for recovering hand functions at other positions. This procedure is termed 'heterodigital replantation'. An 63-year-old male patient who was in press machine accident came to Our Hospital. He had large dorsal soft-tissue defects ($5{\times}3cm$) on his left long finger and complete amputation on his left index finger through the proximal interpharyngeal joint. Replantation was not indicated because crushing injury of index finger was severe. So we decided to use index finger soft tissue as heterodigital free flap for the coverage of the long finger defect. The ulnar digital artery and dorsal subcutaneous vein of the free flap were anastomosed with the radial digital artery and dorsal subcutaneous vein of the long finger. The heterodigital free flap provided satisfactory apperance and functional capability of the long finger. The best way to treat amputation is replantation. But sometimes surgeon confront severely crushed or multi-segmental injured amputee which is not possible to replant. In this situation, reconstructive surgeons should consider heterodigital free flap from amputee as an option.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.80-87
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• 1995

The purpose of this case study was to introduce a myoelectric hand prosthesis for upper extremity amputee and prosthetic training program. Limb loss can result from disease, injury, or congenital causes. Trauma has been increasingly important role as the cause of amputaion in young, vigorous, and otherwise healthy individuals. The higher the level of amputation the greater the functional loss of the part, and the more the amputee must depend on the prostheis for fuction and cosmesis. Myoelectrical control of prostheses is a recent development and has been steadily gaining in clinical use over the past 20 years. Such a prosthesis uses signals from muscle contraction within the stump to activate a battery driven moter that operates specific component fuctions of the prosthesis. This twenty years old male case was operated a right above-elbow amputation due to tracffic accident and admitted to Yonsei Rehabilitaion hospital for the preprosthetic and prosthetic training. The case was able to successfully complete his myoelectric hand prosthesis training in the February of 1995.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.11
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• pp.369-372
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• 1997

Socket pressure distributions with gait analyses of a transfemoral and a transtibial prostheses were measured in order to assess an optimal socket fitting and unction. Ankle joint was aligned by the neutral and the dorsi/plantar flexed positions. Compared to dorsi and plantar flexed positions of ankle joint, cadence and walking speed increased with the neutral ankle joint alignment. Other gait parameters were close to the normative data with the neutral ankle joint alignment. For the transfemoral amputee, dorsiflexed alignment of the ankle joint created high pressure on the lateral aspect of the socket, on the other hand, plantarflexed alignment resulted in increased pressure on the medial aspect of the socket. For the transtibial amputee, dorsiflexed alignment of the ankle resulted in high pressure on the antero-lateral aspect of the socket during mid-stance, but plantarflexion of the ankle joint showed slight increases in pressure at the same location in the socket. The present study clearly demonstrated that malalignment of a prosthesis results in localized increasing pressure within the socket. Proper alignment of the prosthesis is required in order to acquire an appropriate socket-limb interface as well as the proper gait.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.74-82
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to provide guideline of muscle strengthening exercise for preparing ambulation by presenting suitable ratio of muscle power of agonist & antagonist, and that of concentric & eccentric contraction on behalf of amputee's normal ambulation training and it's strenthening as well. 7 Subjects who have femur amputee for experimental group were able to ambulate naturally without inconvenience and 20 adult subjects of comparison group for comparison were considered to be free from disturbance of ambulation. The method of study was to measure the muscle power of hip pint, was to figure out the ratio of agonist & antagonist, concentric contraction & eccentric contraction, and was to find out mean and standard deviation of each measurement. Every numerical value of comparison was tested by Mann-whitney and comparison group's comparison between left & right value was done with t-test. Results are as followings : 1) Extension force was stronger than flexor force and had no remarkable difference(p<0.05) 2) For normal adults, adduction farce was stronger than abduction force and for amputees, abduction force was stronger while adduction force was the same as the normal without showing remarkable difference(p<0.05) According the result above, I make an assumption that maintaining a proper ratio of muscle power on strengthening exercise for amputee's ambulation training & rehabilitation and finally bring out an improvement of transfer and ambulation.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.228-235
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• 2019

This paper presents a multiple DoFs (degrees-of-freedom) prosthetic forearm and sEMG (surface electromyogram) pattern recognition and motion intent classification of forearm amputee. The developed prosthetic forearm has 9 DoFs hand and single-DoF wrist, and the socket is designed considering wearability. In addition, the pattern recognition based on sEMG is proposed for prosthetic control. Several experiments were conducted to substantiate the performance of the prosthetic forearm. First, the developed prosthetic forearm could perform various motions required for activity of daily living of forearm amputee. It was able to control according to shape and size of the object. Additionally, the amputee was able to perform 'tying up shoe' using the prosthetic forearm. Secondly, pattern recognition and classification experiments using the sEMG signals were performed to find out whether it could classify the motions according to the user's intents. For this purpose, sEMG signals were applied to the multilayer perceptron (MLP) for training and testing. As a result, overall classification accuracy arrived at 99.6% for all participants, and all the postures showed more than 97% accuracy.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1998 no.11
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• pp.88-89
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• 1998

In this paper, a transfemoral prosthesis with a microprocessor controlled pneumatic knee developed at KOREC is presented. The resistance of the knee is changed automatically via a microprocessor as the amputee's gait speed changes, so that the prosthetic side of the amputee can follow the sound limb. Gait analysis has been conducted to evaluate the performance of the developed prosthesis and the improvement of the gait pattern including the gait symmetry was observed.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate characteristics of foot pressure distribution with or without partial prosthetic foot in transmetatarsal amputee. Materials and Methods: The subjects were 9 transmetatarsal amputees. Foot pressures were measured at hallux, the $1^{st}-5^{th}$ metatarsal head (MTH), mid-foot, condyle area by F-scan system in amputated or contralateral foot during active walking. Results: In amputated foot, mean peak pressure was greatest in midfoot without prosthetic foot but it was greatest in hindfoot with prosthetic foot. In unaffected foot, although mean peak pressure was higher in hallux, and $1-5^{th}$ MTH compared to amputated foot, it was greatest in hind foot both with and without prosthetic foot. However, in unaffected foot, mean peak pressure significantly decreased in hallux and $5^{th}$ MTH after wearing the prosthetic foot. There was a significant difference in mean peak pressure in hallux and $5^{th}$ MTH between amputated and unaffected foot after wearing prosthetic foot. However, other region had no significant difference with or without prosthetic foot between feet. Conclusions: The use of partial prosthetic foot tends to shift weight bearing from the heel area to forefoot and could significantly reduce hind foot peak pressure and redistributed to peak pressure. The partial prosthetic foot can also offer the peak pressure to reduction both amputated foot and unaffected foot and help to toe off during walking.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.33-41
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• 2005

The purpose of this report was to describe the gait pattern and parameters of the complicated bilateral amputee with right transtibial and left tarsometatarsal amputation. Using a Vicon 370 three dimensional gait analysis system, the gait analysis was performed at pre and post-test. Treadmill Training with 15 degree, incline was practiced for 8weeks, 3times per week. In linear parameters, the Velocity, Stride length and Single limb support were increased than pre-test. but Cadence and Double limb support were less post-test than pre-test. In kinematics, the maximal pelvic tilt angle showed right side $21.87^{\circ}$, left side $20.67^{\circ}$ at pre-swing phase, and decreased as compared with pre-test. Especially, the inimal hip flexion angle showed right side $-6.83^{\circ}$, left side $1.52^{\circ}$ at pre-swing phase and increased as compared with pre-test. The maximal knee flexion angle disclosed right side $2.66^{\circ}$, left side $21.71^{\circ}$ at stance phase, and decreased as compared with pre-test. In kinetics, the hip extension moment on initial contact stage was right side 0.938NM/Kg, left side 0.09NM/Kg, which was impaired compared with normal person.