• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.21-34
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• 2016

There were two books on astronomy published in 1908. One is "Astronomy (天文學)" written by Jeong, Yeong-Taek (鄭永澤, 1874 ~ 1948), an educator. The other is "Introduction to Astronomy(텬문략 )" written by William Martyn Baird (裵偉良, 1862 ~ 1931), an American missionary. It was known that these two books were translated into Korean as astronomical textbooks of the Korean Empire. We investigated the life of translators, the motivation of writing textbook, and the translators' specialty in astronomy. We also compared the two books in terms of content, orthography of terminology, scale of units, and so forth. We suggest that these books were really utilized as textbooks of astronomy in the modern school in the early $20^{th}$ century in Korea. We also conclude that in astronomy education these two textbooks bridged the gap between the traditional Chinese astronomy of the middle age and modern astronomy from the West.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1994.02b
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• pp.7-11
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• 1994

Twenty years ago, the American Journal of Epidemiology published David Sackett's brief description of. clinical epidemiology and its practitioners [1]. This commentary was a useful focal point for an emerging discipline. By 1983, with clinical epidemiology already thriving in many academic medical centres, Walter Holland called into question both the term, 'clinical epidemiology', and the nature of the discipline [2]. More recently, clinical epidemiology has drawn strong criticism from John Last, a noted academician whose contributions include the editorship of the Maxcy-Rosenau Textbook of Public Health. Writing in the Journal of Public Health Policy in 1988 [3], Last referred to the 'uncritical enthusiasm' for clinical epidemiology in medical schools as 'a danger to health', and staked. a claim to the term 'epidemiology' as appropriate only to the description of what classical or population epidemiologists do. Faced with such views, practitioners and proponents of clinical epidemiology can respond in three ways. They can ignore the criticism, and go on about their business. They can reaffirm their differences and resort to defensive rhetoric. Or, the critique can become an opportunity for reflection about the nature of clinical epidemiology and its relations with sister disciplines in modem medical schools. The latter course is followed here by four physicians who-despite diverse backgrounds and interests-all consider their work to be in the field of clinical epidemiology.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.453-473
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• 2018

In this study, we analyzed the contents of speed concept presented in Korean, Japanese, Singapore, and American elementary mathematics textbooks, and drew implications for the teaching of speed concept in elementary schools. We developed a textbook analysis framework by theoretical discussions on the characteristics of the speed concept based on the proportional relationship and the previous researches on the speed in elementary mathematics. We analyzed the textbooks of four countries and drew some suggestions for improving the teaching of speed concept in Korean elementary schools.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.50-61
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• 2010

As the influence of mankind's actions grows on the earth's climate, the necessity of climate change education is increasing everyday. Therefore, this study will discuss desirable courses about climate changes education that can be used throughout the world. It is meaningful to try to compare the contents and scope of earth global warming education courses of different nations. where education and a research about earth global warming occur simlutaneously. This is key because global warming is not just a national issue, but an international issue. Therefore this study need to understand the status of environmental education is over the world to devise an improvement plan help to solve the problem of climate change on an international level. Therefore, this study compared, the global warming educational contents which appeared in Korean textbooks to Japanese and American textbooks, and analyzed commonalities and differences of each. Also, we will discuss desirable global warming educational instructional strategies. This study analyzed the present situation of nations by looking at common points and differences using an analysis form. Even though the researchers of an each nation analyzed the teaching material through common analysis forms, this study utilized a common analysis method with a colleague researcher regarding environmental education, environment, environmental science to increase the validity of the study in each nation. Also the difference and similarities were aggregated as This study collected the analysis results of each nation. The researchers utilized the results of the analyses to engage in repeated discussion and the sharing of results.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.445-459
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• 2005

Statistics education is considered within the mathematics curriculum and, thus, can be integrated into other areas of mathematics. However, statistical concepts and thinking skills have to be considered as very different from those of other areas. It is possible to make statistics more meaningful for the learner by making definitions or explanations of concepts in textbooks more clear and consistent. In 'Math I' and 'Probability & Statistics' of the 7th curriculum, the definitions of sample standard deviation are different, which might confuse students. In this study, firstly, some issues relevant to sample standard deviation concept are discussed through the analysis in terms of didactical situation and curriculum. Secondly, the characteristics of sample standard deviation concept as a scholarly knowledge are examined. Finally, the characteristics of didactic transposition of sample standard deviation concept in Japanese, American, and British textbooks are investigated and some suggestions are elicited.

• School Mathematics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.83-110
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• 2014

This study analyzed the mathematics textbooks of middle grades in the first Korean curriculum, based on the modern trends of mathematics education curriculum, comparing with present Korean curriculum's other textbooks and the American textbook, MiC. The mathematics textbooks in the first Korean curriculum are based on various situations in our real life and introduce mathematical concepts throughout a set of mathematics problems. The textbooks present mathematical concepts with connected knowledge and include mathematical activities which make students use mathematical table, graph and formula at the same time. And students are actively required to discuss together during the mathematics problem solving process. As the results of this modern review on Korean 1st curriculum and middle grades mathematics textbooks, it would provide preliminary data and meaningful implications for the next curriculum and concomitant instructional materials.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.35-55
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• 2000

There seems to be a public consensus that the content of Korean mathematics textbooks is extensive and of a high level of difficulty. However, such judgment is the result of a generalization based on individual experience or on the results from comparisons of the international levels of achievement. Therefore, a more objective and stricter approach to the determination of the quantity and level of difficulty of mathematics content is necessary. For this purpose, this study has compared the content of Koreas 6th and 7th junior high school curriculums, and the Korean mathematics curriculum to textbooks of the United States, which has a considerable influence on the making of Korean mathematics textbooks. First of all, a comparison of Koreas 6th and 7th junior high school mathematics curriculums showed a slight reduction in the total quantity of content, as more content was deleted than was added in the 7th curriculum. However, given the fact that the number of hours of mathematics classes has been reduced, the reduction in content cannot be regarded as anything more than a simple reflection of the reduction in hours, proving that the 7th curriculum has not met its revision objective of reducing the content by 30%. Meanwhile, the comparison of the United States junior high school mathematics textbooks to Korea's 7th curriculum showed that the 7th grade content in the United States was much broader, encompassing content which in Korea ranged from the 2nd grade of elementary school to the 2nd year of junior high school. Therefore, on the surface, it may appear that the overall level of content in the American mathematics textbook is lower than that of the Korean. However, there are several cafes, such as statistics and probability, where certain content was more difficult and introduced at an earlier grade in the United States than in Korea. In fact, it can be said that Korea students tend to find content of the mathematics textbooks to be harder than they actually are because they are delivered as a mere aggregate of algorithms, with little consideration to its application in their everyday lives. In this respect, there is much room for improvement on the mathematics textbooks of Korea.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.505-525
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• 2021

In this study, we investigated how multiplication by 2-digit numbers had been taught in elementary mathematics textbooks of Korea, Japan, Singapore, and USA. As a result of analysis, we found as follows. Korean textbooks do not teach the multiplication by 10 and the multiplication by power of 10, but Japanese, Singapore, and US textbooks explicitly teach related content. In the '×tens' teaching, Japanese and American textbooks teach formally the law of association of multiplication applied in the process of calculating the partial product of multiplication. The standard multiplication algorithm generally followed a standard method of recording partial product result according to the law of distribution, but the differences were confirmed in the multiplication model, the teaching method of the law of distribution, and the notation of the last digit '0'. Based upon these results, we suggested some proposals for improving the multiplication teaching.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.445-467
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• 2018

In this study, we analyzed the contents of pi and the area of a circle presented in Korean, Japanese, Singapore, and American mathematics textbooks, and drew implications for the teaching of pi and the area of a circle in school mathematics. We developed a textbook analysis framework by theoretical discussions on the concept of the pi based on the various properties of pi and the area of a circle based on the central ideas of measurement and the previous researches on pi and the area of a circle in elementary mathematics. We drew five suggestions for improving the teaching of pi and three suggestions for improving the teaching of the area of a circle in Korean elementary schools.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.37
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• pp.249-293
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• 2018

The Musical Theatre was a popular art genre that originated from the western musical tradition represented by the European opera. In the twentieth century, it bloomed around Broadway in the United States. It is also one of the commercial arts which is popularly loved by the public in the field of performing arts all over the world at present. Due to the nature of this genre, the development of dramas and the expression of characters use music, not words or gestures, as the main medium. And the style of music reacts sensitively to the taste of the public, not to a particular class. When Japan colonized Korea, the empire strongly believed modernization equaled westernization and Japan was the one who could awaken Korean. The Japanese colonial music education was intended to bring cooperation and obedience to Japan by forcibly injecting Japanese ideology and culture into Joseon people. The music education of colonialism with the textbook of the "Songs for public education(보통교육 창가집)" compiled by the Japanese government was a sparkstone for the conversion of the Korean musical identity to Japanese and Western music. In addition to the capitalistic economical mechanism for establishing a South Korean government friendly with the United States during the Cold War after liberation, and the rush of American Pop culture represented by 'the show stage in 8th US Arm' and 'movies' which are to be the influence of invisible 'new cultural imperialism', our traditional music was confined to the meaning of 'Korean music', meaning 'past music'. In Korea, after the liberation, the musical was introduced by the influx of American popular culture. In accordance with the cultural policy of Park Jeong-hee regime, which aimed to spread the 'healthy culture' through the modernization of traditional arts, 'The Yegreen(예그린악단)' was founded. However, the plan to create a contemporary performing art based on Korean national arts showed the possibility of success in 1966 with the success of , but soon after, they have been destined to fall into an institution that has lost their ability to operate on their own due to the suspension of the sponsorship of the regime. Due to the cultural imperialist strategy of the influence of Japanese imperialism's colonial music education and influx of American popular culture after liberation, in the early days of Korean musicals, our traditional aesthetic style brought about the situation of the 1960 's, which did not become an independent ethnic art through the exchange and expansion with Western music. This is the background of the western licensed musicals led by the Korean musical market in the 21st century as well as the main cause of musical creation based on western music.