• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.395-401
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• 2013

In a situation of crisis, an ambulance is dispatched according to the given emergency management information system(EMIS). However, the problem of past EMIS is that they did not concentrate on the reliable communication between the ambulance and medical specialists, thereby causing some needless casualties. This paper presents HEMIS, a highly-reliable emergency management information system, to solve such flaws. The effects showed that HEMIS was superior in data packet size, data safety and quality of service(QoS) to that of typical EMIS. Therefore, HEMIS is expected to increase the quality of medical service in ambulances, thereby decreasing casualties of patients carried in ambulances.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.19-35
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aimed to improve the quality of prehospital emergency care for elderly patients by determining current prehospital care status based on run sheets and level of knowledge, and prehospital care confidence toward the elderly through questionnaires answered by 119 emergency medical technicians (EMTs). Methods: This study was conducted with 4,946 elderly patients who were transferred to the hospital by 119 ambulances in D city from March 1, 2013 to February 28, 2014. This study was a descriptive study of 119 run sheets. The questionnaire was completed by 160 EMTs working in D city. All data were analyzed by using SPSS 21.0. Results: 74.2% was due to disease among the 4,946 elderly patients who were transferred by 119 ambulances, and a rest was due to injury. The mean knowledge score of the 119 EMTs regarding elderly patients was low. Their confidence on prehospital care of the elderly patients statistically significantly differed according to career at hospital and education. Conclusion: Theoretical knowledge, education on prehospital care of the elderly, and repeated technical prehospital care education and training accompanied by feedback assessment by 119 EMTs are needed.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.99-112
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• 2021

Purpose: The study aimed to analyze the current status of traffic accident victims who were transported by 119 ambulances within the administrative district of Chungnam province and provide essential data for accident prevention. Methods: The pre-hospital care records of patients who called the 119 emergency service in 2019 were obtained from the Chungnam Fire Department. Data pertaining to 13,663 traffic accident victims who were transported to hospitals were analyzed. Results: Patients in those aged ≥60 years accounted for 49.8% of the total cases. In patients aged ≥80 years(n=2,154), motor cycle accidents were highest as 28.3%. In addition, cultivator (n=135) and buggy car (n=79) accident victims were the highest in aged ≥80 years as 66.7% and 67.1%, respectively. Traffic accident victims-population ratio in Chungnam was 0.65%, wherein 2.03% included population aged ≥80 years. Conclusion: It was clear that accidents varied across administrative districts depending on the age group of population distribution. Thus, safety measures for preventing motorcycle, cultivator, and buggy car accidents are necessary for areas with many older people aged ≥80 years.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.137-143
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• 2017

A sufficient number of ambulances are critical for preventing delayed vehicle dispatch for emergency patients. This study presents effective methodologies for evaluating the effects of ambulance quantities on availability. The statistical properties of the emergency requests and responses were analyzed for a city in Korea. The inter-request times were modeled by statistical distributions. The ambulance dispatch was modeled using simulation, reflecting the shared dispatch among the city districts. The simulation results revealed that the existing ambulance quantity could successfully meet the majority of the requests, but more vehicles were desirable for improvement. The locations of the additional vehicles were determined efficiently by simulations with a greedy approach. The simulations with added vehicles showed a significantly better coverage of the emergency calls. This research can help design improved emergency vehicle operations, and help save lives.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.79-86
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• 2015

This research proposed a design direction for the ambulance interior storage space based on the placement and access to the equipment to facilitate an emergency medical practice taking into account the safety and efficiency by the emergency medical technician ergonomic factors. Therefore, through a field survey for the current derivation of the storage space problem 'placement', 'enable', 'management' like these three items resulting clarity, accessibility, simplicity and functionality of the four functional elements by targeting ambulances in operation in this country. First, there is a need to improve standardized of cabinet sizes fit to loaded meet emergency equipment standards. Currently, the equipment designed to use a simple storage cabinet has had problems in the usability. Second, it must be located in the continuous exposure in progress to the user's traffic line. Third, the problem was the insufficient function of the cabinet to ensure the safety of patients by paramedics from the emergency rescue equipment and due to the leaning of the ambulance driving. Besides, it was pointed out that in addition to the proposed alternatives, including the agenda, states that safety belt replacement equipment, emergency personnel and patients with the handle of a guardian for the efficient use storage space within the 119 ambulance. However, in the present study suggest that there is a state proceeds mainly limited usability in the field, having been installed.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2003

The purposes of this study which was conducted by applying three projection formulae to the data from admission quota for paramedic of the Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development the number of ambulances the number of emergency medical centers of the Ministry of Health & Welfare and rate of successful candidates of annual report of the National Health Personnel Licensing Examination Board were to find out demand and supply of paramedic from 2002 to 2045 and to expand scope of practice of paramedic in Korea. The conclusions from this study were summarized as follows; (1) The simple formulae derived from the projection formula of the Economic Planning Board were applied under the present Emergency Medical Services Act including qualifying over 3-years experienced EMT-Basic for paramedic examinee, stationing paramedic or EMT-Basic or physician or nurse per ambulance, stationing paramedic or EMT-Basic per emergency medical center and under the amended Emergency Medical Services Act including qualifying only paramedic graduate for paramedic examinee, stationing 4.5 paramedics per ambulance, stationing 10 to 2 paramedics per emergency medical center. (2) It was estimated that on the American basis of 5.6 EMTs per 10,000 in 1996, the number of paramedics under the present act will reach the basis before 2020, the number of paramedics under the amended act will reach the basis about 2040. (3) It was estimated that on the basis of 22,000 paramedics demanded from the number of ambulances, the number of emergency medical centers in 2001, the number of paramedics under the present act will reach the basis before 2015, the number of paramedics under the amended act will reach the basis about 2030. (4) There was relationship between requirements for emergency medical centers scope of practice of paramedic in the act and demand-supply of paramedic, this necessitates surveys, studies, amendment of the act, legalization for expanded scope of practice of paramedic including EMD, instructor, teacher of safety. (5) This study which includes only expanded scope of practice of paramedic and projection for paramedic in the act needs complementary studies such as decision-making process in health manpower policy and so on.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.121-129
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• 2016

Ambulances are an important element of pre-hospital emergency medical services, and also an important space for improving the work efficiency of paramedics. Paramedics use the interior environment to maximize the capabilities of the space, but ambulances need to be improved to help with the responsibilities of paramedics. A Seamless space was constructed in accordance with the placement of first-aid emergency medical equipment and drugs, and a patient room was loaded in the interior space of an ambulance. This study was to improve the treatment space of an ambulance to improve the efficiency of work by paramedics The new design provides safety and efficiency for emergency medical services through planning of interior storage suitable for the duties of paramedics and through identification and analysis of the problems in the environment.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2019

Purpose: The study aims to provide basic data to enhance the health of paramedics responsible for patient transport and treatment by analyzing the exposure level of paramedics to electromagnetic waves generated by electric devices used in ambulances. Methods: The study measured electromagnetic waves in ambulances in N region from July to December 2018. ME3030B produced by German Gigahertz Solutions was used to measure these waves and the maximum value was selected by moving it slowly in various directions. Each measurement part was selected and the mean value was calculated by repeatedly measuring at 10-minute intervals three times in total: $1^{st}$, $2^{nd}$, and $3^{rd}$ phase. Results: Among the electrical devices installed in the patient room of the ambulance measured at distances of 1 cm or 30 cm, results showed a high level of electric waves at the inverter ($26.25{\pm}39V/m$) and high level of electromagnetic waves ($564.00{\pm}31.75nT$) at the ozone sterilizer. According to measurements toward the front near the driver's seat, results indicated high levels of electric waves ($3.67{\pm}1.15V/m$) and electromagnetic waves ($450.00{\pm}19.52nT$) at the black box hard drive. Conclusion: Electromagnetic waves within the ambulance were stable and not beyond the range that might impact human health. However, in the case of the black box hard drive ($3.67{\pm}1.15V/m$, $450.00{\pm}19.52nT$) located under the passenger seat, it may have a direct effect on the human body and, thus it is necessary to move it to a storage area further away from the paramedics to minimized the impact.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.44-51
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• 2021

In general, golden time refers to the most important time in the initial response to accidents such as saving lives or extinguishing fires. The golden time varies from disaster to disaster, but is aimed at five minutes in terms of fire and first aid. However, for the actual site, the average dispatch time for ambulances is 9 minutes and the average transfer time is 17.6 minutes, which is quite large compared to the golden time. There are various causes for this delay, but the main cause is traffic jams. In order to solve the problem, the government has established emergency car concession obligations and secured golden time to prioritize ambulances in places with the highest accident rate, but it is not a solution in rush hour when traffic is increasing rapidly. Therefore, this paper proposed a deep learning-based emergency vehicle priority signal system using collected sound data by installing sound sensors on traffic lights and conducted an experiment to classify frequency signals that differ depending on the distance of the emergency vehicle.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.101-110
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• 2005

In Korea, EMS Fund Operation seems to move the opposite direction to right way. The most initial EMS fund was consumed loan for some emergency patients without any particular results. Since 2002, the use of EMS fund also has shown a tendency to shift one side. By the results, it was 44.3% to support emergency medical centers, so called hospital EMS system and 28.4% to purchase ambulances and helicopters, and 1.6% to operate Central Medical Center, prehospital base in the EMS fund consumed in 2004. It was never supported for the environmental improvement and development of universities, colleges, and private EMS units having the primary responsibilities. The initial EMS fund using should be used for prehospital base, e.g., prehospital staffs, communications, and facilities and balanced development between public and private EMS units than any other fund using.