• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2001년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.80-83
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• 2001

In this study, we investigated irrigation effect for the paddy plot irrigated by pipeline with two types of hydrants: automatic and manual. The automatic hydrant have been introduced to the paddy field to save water and reduce the labor for water management. The automatic hydrant is automatically opened and closed according to the water depth of a paddy plot. The water management labor to close manual hydrant in the afternoon of every three days can be eliminated when we use the automatic hydrant. The water requirements for the automatic hydrant plot 3.26mm/d are much less than those for manual hydrant plot 9.99mm/d.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.45-49
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• 2003

According to the rising of national economic level, domestic consumption of vegetables having high additive values is increased continuously due to increased consumption of meat in last decade. These vegetables are produced almost in this country and are limited to import from neighbor countries in due of high transportation expenses for storing in refrigerated container. It is very important to mechanize the harvest work, forming more than 30% for their production cost, in order to cultivate variable vegetables at the same time according to their harvesting seasons. In this state its former harvest methods, with using of human power or semi-automatic harvest, caused to increase their production cost due to high labor cost and low working efficiency.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.163-176
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• 1997

Sesame was one of the economical crops in Korea. However, cultivation area of sesame has been decreasing rapidly due to the lack of mechanization for this crop and the opening of agricultural product market. Sesame seed is so small that ordinary seeder can not seed properly. In rural practice, farmers seed sesame with hand and do thinning after shoot emerges. Seeding and thinning in sesame cultivation take more than 40% of total labor To reduce labor in seeding and thinning, a pellet seed machine for sesame has been developed. The pellet seed machine is very simple in structure. It utilizes the chemical reaction between alginate solution and $CaCl_2$. Two material forms a membrane when they meet The uniqueness of the pellet seed machine for sesame were 1) a counter rotating roller for metering the mixture of activated carbon and alginate and 2) swinging plate for submerging seed into the mixture. The prototype machine can produce 30, 000 pellets per hour and costs ￦6, 891 per 1 km sesame.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2000년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.629-636
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• 2000

In this study, we investigated the characteristics of labor of water management and maintenance, water requirement, water quality(T-N, T-P, COD) in the paddy plot irrigated by pipeline with two types of hydrants: automatic and manual. The automatic hydrant have been introduced to the paddy field to save water and reduce the labor for water management. The automatic hydrant is automatically opened and closed according to the water depth of a paddy plot. The automatic hydrant generally developed more troubles than the manual hydrant. The water requirements are 2.7mm/d for the automatic hydrant plot and 17.6mm/d for the manual hydrant plot. The concentrations of pollutants in the two plots are higher in the ponded water than in the irrigation water and are highest after fertilizer application.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2005

Manual transplanting Chinese cabbage needs 184 hours per ha in Korea. Mechanization of Chinese cabbage transplanting operation has been highly required because it needs highly intensive labor during peak season. This study was conducted to developed walking-type Chinese cabbage transplanter. In order to find out design factor of the transplanter, a kinematic analysis software, RecurDyn, was used. The prototype was tested in the circular soil bin and its operating motion was captured and analyzed using high speed camera system. Prototype was one row type which utilized original parts of engine, transmission and etc. from walking-type rice transplanter in order to save the manufacturing cost. Success ratio of pick-up device of hole-pin type and latch type were $96.0\%$ and $99.2\%$, respectively. which was highly affected by feeding accuracy of feeding device of seedling. Transplanting device of the prototype produced a elliptic loci which were coincident with those produced by the computer simulation. Prototype proved good performance in transplanting with mulching and without mulching operation, either. Working performance of prototype was 22 hours per ha and operation cost of the prototype was 961,757 won per ha. So, it would reduce $88\%$ of the labor and $29\%$ of operation cost.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.287-293
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• 2007

시설복숭아에서 호박별의 회분매개활동과 효과에 대하여 조사하였다. 2002년 2월 하순경 시설복숭아에서 호박벌의 방화활동은 오전 8시부터 오후 5시까지이며, 활동최성기는 오전 11시였다. 착과율은 호박벌방사구 73.4%, 인공수분구 73.1% 로서 차이가 없었으나, 무처리구는 33.9%로 매우 낮았다. 상품과 율은 호박벌방사구가 90.0% 로서 인공수분구 83.3% 보다 높았으며, 무처리구는 53.8% 로서 매우 낮았다. 호박벌 방사구가 인공수분구에 비해 착과율과 상품과율이 좋았으며, 노동력도 93% 절감되어 호박별 방사에 의한 효과가 뚜렷하였다.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.11-27
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• 2002

The objectives of this study were to categorize agriculture, to analyze perception of sustainable agriculture and to suggest the directions for improving farming practices in Korea. This study was conducted by review of literature and mail survey. The data was collected from 225 purposively sampled agricultural students by questionnaire. Major findings of the study were as follows; 1) According to the respondents, sustainable agriculture may bring positive effects on the betterment of land conservation, water management and animal protection. 2) The respondents expected that the sustainable agricultural practices may diminish the use of agricultural chemicals and increase safe agricultural products. 3) Sustainable agriculture needs more labor power, however, the number of small and middle-size farms in Korea would not be increased. 4) Even though the price of sustainable agriculture products increases, the respondents expected that rural economic condition would not be much improved because of sustainable agriculture. 5) Agricultural students responded that number of farmers in sustainable agriculture would be increased in the future.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 1987

우리나라는 지난 20년간(年間) 농촌노동력(農村勞動力)의 급격(急激)한 감소(減少)로 동력경운기(動力耕耘機), 이앙기(移秧機), 바인더 등의 농업기계(農業機械)가 대량(大量)으로 보급(普及)되어 수도작(水稻作)의 경우 대부분(大部分)의 농작업(農作業)이 기계화(機械化)되었다. 앞으로 계속적인 농촌노동력(農村勞動力)의 감소(減少)와 더불어 현재(現在)의 동력경운기(動力耕耘機) 중심(中心)의 소형기계화체계(小型機械化體系)는 잉용(剩用) 트랙터 중심(中心)의 대형기계화체계(大型機械化體系)로 발전(發展)될 것이다. 이와 더불어 전자공업(電子工業)의 발달(發達)은 농업기계(農業機械)의 자동화(自動化)를 촉진(促進)시킬 것이 확실(確實)하며 그 전망(展望)과 방향(方向)을 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 농업기계(農業機械)의 자동화(自動化)는 작업능률(作業能率) 및 작업정도(作業精度)의 향상(向上), 자원(資源) 및 에너지절약(節約), 농업노동력(農業勞動力)의 부족해소(不足解消), 작업자(作業者)의 부담경감(負擔輕減) 및 안전성(安全性) 향상(向上)을 위하여 도입(導入)되어야할 첨단기술(尖端技術)이다. 2) 농업기계(農業機械)의 자동화(自動化)는 전자공업(電子工業)의 급속(急速)한 발전(發展)에 따라 기계(機械)의 부분(部分) 자동화(自動化)로부터 궁극적(窮極的)으로 무인조종기계(無人操縱機械) 또는 농업용(農業用) 로보트로 발전(發展)되어 농업(農業)은 고도(高度)의 기술산업(技術産業)으로 전환(轉換)될 것이다. 3) 농업기계(農業機械)의 자동화(自動化)는 농가(農家)의 경제적(經濟的) 부담(負擔)을 줄이고 농업노동력(農業勞動力)을 배제(排除)하지 않도록 단계적(段階的)으로 추진(推進)되어야 한다. 또한 자동화(自動化)에 의하여 노동의욕(勞動意慾)이 감퇴(減退)되거나 인간성(人間性)이 상실(喪失)되는 일이 없어야 할 것이다. 4) 합리적(合理的)인 농업기계(農業機械)의 자동화(自動化)를 위하여 농업(農業)의 대상(對象)인 작물(作物)과 토양(土壤)의 특성(特性)을 구명(究明)하고, 이를 검출(檢出)할 수 있는 센서와 이를 이용(利用)한 제어장치(制御裝置)의 개발(開發)이 필요(必要)하다. 또한 완전자동화(完全自動化)를 위하여 인공지능(人工知能)을 갖는 농업용(農業用) 로보트에 대한 연구개발(硏究開發)이 요구(要求)된다. 5) 기존(旣存)의 개별(個別) 농업기계(農業機械)를 단순(單純)히 자동화(自動化)하려는 고정개념(固定槪念)으로부터 탈피하여 농작업(農作業) 전체(全體)를 포함(包含)한 조화(調和)된 자동화(自動化) 시스템 개발(開發)에 노력(努力)하여야 할 것이다.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.453-462
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• 2020

Purpose::This study aims to analyze the management performance and production efficiency of medicinal crop farmers. Methods: We conducted an empirical survey of medicinal crop farmers and analyzed production efficiency using DEA method. Results: First, The crops that increased the number of farms during 2010 and 2018 were Angelica tenuissima and Salvia miltiorrhiza, which was attributed to higher income per hour than other crops. Second, As for the efficiency of Liriope platyphylla, the average was 0.376, and the coefficient of variation was the lowest, 0.566. Third, Salvia miltiorrhiza and Atractylodes japonica had the highest technical efficiency after Liriope platyphylla, but the variation coefficient was high and the efficiency was relatively high. Fourth, As a result of performing variance analysis to find out the difference of each crops on the value of medicinal crop efficiency, the technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, and scale efficiency were all statistically significant. Conclusion: Based on the results above, following policy suggestions are offered. First, It is necessary to provide information on crops with high income compared to the input of labor, and to develop labor-saving cultivation technologies for each crop. Second, A stable labor supply system will be needed in rural areas. Third, Efforts should be made to close the technological gap between farmers through a lot of education and consulting for farmers who grow medicinal crops.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.II
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• pp.480-488
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• 2000

Cabbage is the most important vegetables in korea. The cabbage production was based on arduous human labor. A comprehensive research for substituting the human work by machines has been performed at present. In general, cabbage is cultivated on hillside in korea. The harvested cabbage in a field and carrying it to a vehicle for transportation are very laborious work. Hand labor in cabbage transportation to the market damages the quality of cabbage and is also a cause to increase the cost of cabbage production. This study was to design and evaluate a prototype cabbage loader for deserving efficient and safe transportation of cabbage. The developed cabbage loader was a semi-tracked vehicle operated by a hydraulic system, allowing the safe transporting and the loading of cabbage in a steep field. The maximum loading capacity of the loader was 1.0 ton. By using safety devices attached to the loader, the static slopes were 34.0% and 37.4% for the left and the rear roll-over, respectively. The maximum field speed was about 6km/hr with two cabbage pallets of 750kg at a 25% inclined field. The field capacity was about 35 pallets/hr in case of picking up, carrying and unloading two cabbage pallets. The field efficiency of the loader was analyzed to be more than 8 times in comparison of the conventional human labor. The developed loader would be applied for loading and carrying the other vegetables due to the similarity of operations. The study suggested a standard approach to the design of field machines operated in a steep field.