• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.302-307
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• 2010

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal factors on body weight at hatching (day-old) and at six weeks of age in a commercial broiler line. A total of 6,765 records on body weight at day-old (BWTDO) and 115,421 records on body weight at six weeks of age (BWT6W), originated from a commercial broiler line during 14 generations, were used to estimate genetic parameters related to the effects of maternal traits on body weight of chicks immediately after hatch or six weeks thereafter. The data were analyzed using restricted maximum likelihood procedure (REML) and an animal model with DFREML software. Direct heritability ($h^{2}{_a}$), maternal heritability ($h^{2}{_m}$), and maternal environmental variance as the proportions of phenotypic variance ($c^{2}$) for body weight at day-old were estimated to be 0.050, 0.351, and 0.173, respectively. The respective estimated values for body weight at six weeks of age were 0.340, 0.022, and 0.030. The correlation coefficient between direct and maternal genetic effects for six-week-old body weight was found to be -0.335. Covariance components and genetic correlations were estimated using a bivariate analysis based on the best model determined by a univariate analysis. Between weights at hatching and at six week-old, the values of -0.07, 0.53 and 0.47 were found for the direct additive genetic variance, maternal additive genetic variance and permanent maternal environmental variance, respectively. The estimated correlation between direct additive genetic effect influencing weight at hatch and direct additive maternal effect affecting weight at six weeks of age was -0.21, whereas the correlation value of 0.15 was estimated between direct additive maternal effect influencing weight at hatch and direct additive genetic effect affecting weight at six-week-old. From the present findings, it can be concluded that the maternal additive genetic effect observed for weight at six weeks of age might be a factor transferred from genes influencing weight at hatch to weight at six-week-old.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.937-942
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• 2009

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects on growth and muscle development during the growing period of the sex-linked dwarf gene in the background of a Taiwan Country chicken strain, L2, selected for egg production. Eight crossbred males, heterozygous for the DW*DW mutation, were each backcrossed to six females of the L2 strain to produce two genotypes of BC females, either normal (DW*N+/-) or dwarf (DW*DW/-). The experiment included 251 normal and 207 dwarf pullets. The effect of the dwarf gene on body weight and shank length was highly significant from 2 weeks of age. The reduction of body weight by the dwarf gene reached 34.8% and 37.4% as compared to normal sibs at 16 and 20 weeks of age, respectively. Parameters of the growth curve were estimated: the age at inflection (TI) was higher in normal pullets (66.9 days) than in dwarf pullets (61.2 days). A significant effect of the dwarf gene on single muscle fiber cross-section area was found from 12 weeks of age onwards, whereas the dwarf gene had no effect on the total number of muscle fibers. Comparing the effect of the dwarf gene on shank length at different ages revealed an earlier effect on skeleton growth, observed from 2 weeks of age, than on muscle development, which was affected from 8 to 12 weeks of age.

• 복식
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• 제43권
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• pp.187-202
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• 1999

The objectives of this study were to analyze the effect of dress(Korean traditional dress and suit) of elderly Women and situation on impression formation. The experimental design was $10\times{2}\times{2(dress}\times{perceiver's age}\times{situation)}$ factorial design by 3 independent variables. The stimuli of color photographs of female in her 60's model and the semantic differential scale were used. Six variables of impression formation were used: preference: elegance: potency: activity: feminine: and modernity. Samples were 400 women 200 were in their twenties and 200 in their forties and fifties. The data were analyzed by $\alpha$-reliability t-test ANOVA and duncan's multiple range test. The Korean traditional dress with the combination of Korean traditional color(light blue upper dress with dark red purple collar and string.dark blue skit) had the most positive effect on impression of elegance. Pink traditional dress and light blue traditional dress had a negative effect on impression of potency activity and modernity. Red purple suit had a positive effect on potency and modernity. The interaction between dress perceiver's age and stituation was significant for the impression of activity. Women in their 40's and 50's perceived the activity of red purple suit positively in the situation of alumnae meeting more than in the wedding ceremony. The perceived age of the stimulus person was different according to dresses. Traditional dresses was perceived older than suits were. Women in their 40's and 50's evaluated preferences of the dresses positively more than 20's did. This means that 40's and 50's feel similarity with the stimulus person more than 20's as the age of model was in their 60's The result supports the theory that similarity is basic factor in interpersonal attraction.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.122-129
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• 2005

With Zohar(1980)'s research on safety climate and industrial safety, occupational safety and health literatures begin to emphasize the influence of organizational context. Based on this research trend, this paper tried to review the relationship between individual/ organizational factors and occupational accidents. Based on the responses from 294 manufacturing workers, this paper reviewed the relationships among safety climates, safety performance, and age. The results of statistical analysis showed that all safety climate factors have affirmative effects on safety participation and safety attitudes negative effect on accident number, and job load affirmative effect on accident number. Job load and management commitment showed interactive effects on accident number with age.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.213-219
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• 2022

This study tried to find various alternatives to live the rest of life positively by examining whether satisfaction with work in old age has a positive effect on psychological adjustment in old age. Using the 15th (2020) data of the Korea Welfare Panel Study (KOWEPS), 117 men and 355 women were analyzed as a sample to verify the effect of job participation satisfaction among the elderly on psychological adjustment. The results of the regression analysis in this paper (F=11.680, p<.001) were analyzed to be significant. The results showed gender (β=-.192, p<.001), age (β=2.004, p<.001), and job participation satisfaction (β=-3.726, p<.001). Therefore, it was found to have an effect on psychological adaptation. In terms of gender, it was found that men had higher psychological adaptability than women, and that the lower the age, the higher the psychological adaptability. As a result, it was confirmed that the elderly's job participation is a simple economic part of the elderly, and the psychologically positive influence increased. The higher the job participation satisfaction, the higher the psychological adaptability.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.259-268
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• 2016

Objective : Accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE) and mitochondrial glycation is importantly implicated in the pathological changes of the brain associated with diabetic complications, Alzheimer disease, and aging. The present study was undertaken to determine whether sildenafil, a type 5 phosphodiesterase type (PDE-5) inhibitor, has beneficial effect on neuronal cells challenged with AGE-induced oxidative stress to preserve their mitochondrial functional integrity. Methods : HT-22 hippocampal neuronal cells were exposed to AGE and changes in the mitochondrial functional parameters were determined. Pretreatment of cells with sildenafil effectively ameliorated these AGE-induced deterioration of mitochondrial functional integrity. Results : AGE-treated cells lost their mitochondrial functional integrity which was estimated by their MTT reduction ability and intracellular ATP concentration. These cells exhibited stimulated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, induction of mitochondrial permeability transition, and release of the cytochrome C, activation of the caspase-3 accompanied by apoptosis. Western blot analyses and qRT-PCR demonstrated that sildenafil increased the expression level of the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). CoPP and bilirubin, an inducer of HO-1 and a metabolic product of HO-1, respectively, provided a similar protective effects. On the contrary, the HO-1 inhibitor ZnPP IX blocked the effect of sildenafil. Transfection with HO-1 siRNA significantly reduced the protective effect of sildenafil on the loss of MTT reduction ability and MPT induction in AGE-treated cells. Conclusion : Taken together, our results suggested that sildenafil provides beneficial effect to protect the HT-22 hippocampal neuronal cells against AGE-induced deterioration of mitochondrial integrity, and upregulation of HO-1 is involved in the underlying mechanism.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.188-194
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• 2019

Objectives: Outbreaks of scarlet fever in Mexico in 1999, Hong Kong and mainland China in 2011, and England in 2014-2016 have received global attention, and the number of notified cases in Korean children, including in Jeju Province, has also increased since 2010. To identify relevant hypotheses regarding this emerging outbreak, an age-period-cohort (APC) analysis of scarlet fever incidence was conducted among children in Jeju Province, Korea. Methods: This study analyzed data from the nationwide insurance claims database administered by the Korean National Health Insurance Service. The inclusion criteria were children aged ${\leq}14years$ residing in Jeju Province, Korea who received any form of healthcare for scarlet fever from 2002 to 2016. The age and year variables were categorized into 5 groups, respectively. After calculating the crude incidence rate (CIR) for age and calendar year groups, the intrinsic estimator (IE) method was applied to conduct the APC analysis. Results: In total, 2345 cases were identified from 2002 to 2016. Scarlet fever was most common in the 0-2 age group, and boys presented more cases than girls. Since the CIR decreased with age between 2002 and 2016, the age and period effect decreased in all observed years. The IE coefficients suggesting a cohort effect shifted from negative to positive in 2009. Conclusions: The results suggest that the recent outbreak of scarlet fever among children in Jeju Province might be explained through the cohort effect. As children born after 2009 showed a higher risk of scarlet fever, further descriptive epidemiological studies are needed.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.96-106
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in the quality of dietary and life across age groups of Korean adults. According to life cycle, four age groups (20~29, 30~49, 50~64, ≥65) were created. Anthropometric indices showed significant differences according to age group (p<0.001). Energy intake significantly decreased according to age group as a result of decreased protein and fat intake (p<0.001). The intake levels of minerals, vitamins, and dietary fiber per 1,000 kcal were the lowest in the 20~29 age group (p<0.001). Whereas saturated fatty acids, MUFA, and PUFA intake levels were the highest for those in the 20~29 age group (p<0.001). The quality of dietary (DQI-I) increased with age group, but the quality of life (EQ-5D index) decreased (p<0.001). The quality of dietary showed 5.8% explanation power on the quality of life (p<0.001). Additionally, diet moderation was shown as having a negative effect, but the diversity and balance of diets had a positive effect on the quality of life. By age group, the relationship between quality of dietary and quality of life was the highest in ≥65 age group. These results suggest that practical dietary education is needed from the 20's to ensure the quality of healthy life for the elderly.

• 한국인구학
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.75-97
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• 2008

최근 우리나라는 고령화가 급속도로 진전되면서 향후 생산가능인구의 감소와 더불어 인구구조, 특히 연령구조(age structure) 또한 급격한 변화를 겪을 것으로 예상되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 이러한 인구구조의 변화가 임금구조에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 연령별 세대규모(cohort size)에 초점을 맞추어 세대규모효과로 인해 연령-임금 프로파일이 어떻게 변모하였는지를 분석하였다. 실증분석은 Wright(1991)의 모형을 기초로 노동부의 '임금구조기본통계조사' 원자료($1990년{\sim}2006$년)의 남성 근로자 데이터를 활용한 Weighted OLS 회귀분석으로 이루어졌다. 추정결과에서는 고졸 근로자 및 대졸이상 고학력 근로자에게서 세대규모효과가 발견되었는데, 고졸 근로자의 경우 기존 Welch(1979)나 Wright(1991)의 연구와 유사한 결과가 나타났지만, 대졸이상 근로자의 경우 반대로 정(+)의 신규진입효과와 부(-)의 지속효과가 나타났다. 따라서 고졸 근로자는 임금수준에서 세대규모로 인한 불이익을 받는 반면, 고학력 취업자의 경우 최근 청년실업 및 취업난의 상황에도 불구하고 상대적으로 작은 세대규모로 인해 임금수준에서 이득을 보고 있다는 것을 보여주고 있다. 이는 기존의 연구가 주로 노동수요 측면에 치우쳐 있다는 점에서 노동공급측면에서 인구 고령화에 따른 인구구조의 변화에 관심을 둔 연구가 필요하다는 것을 시사한다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2012

This study investigates influence of parental attachment on school adjustment using self-perceived competence as a mediating variable for perceived school age children. The subjects were 760 children who are 4, 5, and 6 grades in 4 elementary schools at Daegu. The collected data were analyzed by single and multiple regressions that used SPSS win 19.0 The results were as follows: (1) The parental Attachment perceived by school-age children was positively associated with on school adjustment. The parental attachment level of school-age children becomes higher as the perception of school adjustment increases. (2) The parental attachment perceived by school-age children was positively associated with self-perceived competence. That is, the parental attachment level of school-age children becomes higher as the self-perceived competence increase. (3) The effect of parental attachment in the school adjustment by children was reducing explanation when controlled for the self-perceived competence. The Parental attachment that influenced the school adjustment is partially mediated by self-perceived competence. The results of this research indicates that both the quality improvement of inter-relationship between children and parents for school adjustment of school-age children and training for strengthening self-perceived competence of school-age children are important.