• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.177-191
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• 2022

Objectives: Recent epidemiological data reported that young adults in their 20 ~ 30s are a vulnerable population with unhealthy dietary practices and a few signs of deteriorated health indicators. However, there are no dietary guidelines that are specifically developed for the young adult population. This study introduces some data collection tools that are mostly used in the service design field, and demonstrates how these tools can be used in nutrition research for developing dietary guidelines for specific target groups. Methods: To understand the context of food choices among young people, 39 people were enrolled to complete a probes booklet. Thematic analysis and word cloud were performed to capture the main themes from the probes and a persona was developed based on the findings. Results: Data from the probes enabled us to grasp the various contextual meanings of eating practices among young people. Most participants understand what a healthy diet is and often have a willingness to practice it. However, there were very few participants who were following the practices. We created four types of persona for developing dietary guidelines: healthy eating, emotional eating, convenient eating, and trendy eating. Conclusions: Probes and persona were used in order to understand the lives of young adults and develop targeted messages. We hope that this introduction will be helpful to researchers who are looking for new ways of understanding their target population in the field of community nutrition.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.537-543
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• 2023

This study monitored the caffeine content of ready-to-drink coffee and verified the appropriateness of the labeling. The caffeine content was analyzed using HPLC. The average caffeine content of cold brew coffee was 0.31-1.04 mg/mL, with an average of 0.55 mg/mL. The average content of product was 147.27 mg/bottle, and taking into account the recommended daily intake, an adult can consume 2.7 bottles. Americano coffee was 0.15-0.38 mg/mL, with an average of 0.28 mg/mL. The average content of product was 110.42 mg/bottle, and considering the recommended daily intake, an adult can consume 3.6 bottles. The caffeine content of decaffeinated cold brew coffee was 5.14 mg/bottle and compared to Americano coffee, more than 95% of the caffeine was removed. In addition, we verified the tolerance level of the total caffeine content in ready-to-drink coffee, and none of them exceeded 120%, signifying that all commercial products were effectively managed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.261-275
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• 2013

This study aims to explore the utilizing experience of public support service of the single mothers, who have been assessed as inability in aspect of labor. For this purpose of this study, we had in-depth interview five interviewees who had adolescent children or non-adult children. The participants were from 20s to 50s. From the outcomes of this study, we figured out that they had attempted to escape from the poor realities of life and to help the family budget through their work. However, they could not have plans to fulfill their aims, because of the unhealthy body conditions, the high working costs, the burdens for parenting or child-rearing, and the low levels of working ability. It has been shown that their parenting stresses and depressions from their hard realities have been reinforced, and those psycho-emotional pressures have been projected to connect with the inappropriate disciplines and parenting or child-rearing. And it has been reinforced through utilizing public support service. Consequently, they have become chronic through the repeated disappointment and unhealthy psycho-emotional condition. In this study, we discussed and proposed the labor policies and practical suggestions which have had a close relationship with the efficient judgement systems for work inability.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.244-249
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate the toxicities of 22 insecticides to Dichromothrips smithi. Insecticidal activity was evaluated by testing systemic action and residual effect in laboratory. All insecticides used in this study did not affect on the egg of D. smithi, although organophosphates such as fenitrothion, fenthion, methidathion, phenthoate, and phenthoate+ethofenprox suppressed the egg hatchability completely. On D. smithi larva fenitrothion, fenthion, methidathion, phenthoate, ethofenprox, thiamethoxam, abamectin, chlorfenapyr, emamectin benzoate, fipronil, spinosad, and phenthoate+ethofenprox showed 100% insecticidal activity. On D. smithi adult fenitrothion, fenthion, methidathion, phenthoate, ethofenprox, abamectin, emamectin benzoate, fipronil, spinosad, and phenthoate+ethofenprox showed 100% insecticidal activity. Root-uptake systemic effects of phenthoate on the larva of D. smithi was 43.3%. Whereas, systemic effect of other insecticides was less than 20%. Insecticide with more than 80% residual effect for 7 days after treatment were fenitrothion, fenthion, methidathion, phenthoate, ethofenprox, emamectin benzoate, fipronil, spinosad, and phenthoate.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.133-154
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• 2011

This study aimed to examine the relationship between the expectation of independent life in old age and intergenerational downward transfer of Korean old people. It was focused on old people who did not live with their adult children by using the raw data of "2008 the Korean study of Welfare Services for the Elderly". The data were analysed by multiple regression analysis. The results showed the degree of the expectation of independent life in old age had positive effect on economic and service downward transfer of old people. Concretely, the degree of the expectation of economic and physical independence had positive effect on economic and service downward transfer of old people. The degree of the expectation of emotional independence had positive effect on service downward transfer of old people, while it had no effect on economic downward transfer.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.97-102
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• 2020

Background: It is well known that the prevalence of obesity in Korea is increasing over time, however it is not known how the trends among occupational groups and sex differ in such increasing trends. This study was designed to provide recent trends of obesity among workers in Korea and to identify whether there were differences among occupational groups. Methods: We used data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, Phases I to VI (19982015), to analyze trends in the prevalence of obesity in adult Korean workers. Obesity was defined as a body mass index of 25 kg/㎡ or higher. Occupations were classified into 3 groups: (a) nonmanual workers, (b) service/sales workers, and (c) manual workers. Results: During the period of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Phases I to VI, the prevalence of obesity in male workers increased in all occupations (31.1% to 39.5% in manual workers, 32.3% to 38.2% in service/sales workers, and 25.3% to 39.7% in manual workers). However, female workers did not show any particular tendency toward obesity, except for a significant decrease in the prevalence rate in service/sales workers (30.8% to 23.9%, p for trend = 0.0048). Conclusion: The trends of obesity prevalence by sex and occupation were different. For male manual workers, the prevalence rate increased steadily during the data period, while it decreased steadily in female sales/service workers.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.469-478
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• 2018

This study is aimed to examine effects of sociodemographic, social relation, and health related factors on risky drinking among early, middle, and older adulthoods. Using the sixth(2013-2016) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, separate logistic regression analyses were conducted for women's early adulthood (n=1,143), middle adulthood (n=1,306), and older adulthood (n=875) to test factors associated with risky drinking. For study results, as for women's early adulthood, education, marital status, employment, depressive feeling, and smoking were statistically associated with risky drinking. As for women's middle adulthood, only subjective stress level and smoking were associated with risky drinking. As for women's older adulthood, education, suicidal ideation, and subjective health condition were associated with risky drinking. These results found different factors influenced risky drinking according to life stages. Based on these results, convergent implications about reducing risky drinking according to life stages of women were discussed.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of nurses staffing level on patient health outcomes in intensive care units (ICUs) in Korea. Methods: The study was retrospective in nature. Information on patients and their outcomes, as well as nurse cohort data, were obtained from Korea's National Health Insurance Service Database. The observation period was from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2018, and data for 2,964,991 patients were analyzed. Independent variables included patient' age and sex and hospital type, intensivist, and nurses staffing level. Results: The mortality rate in ICUs was significantly higher at tertiary hospitals with a level 3~4 (HR, 1.21; 95% confidence interval, 1.19~1.22) or level 5~9 nurse staffing (HR, 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.27~1.34) compare to that of tertiary hospitals with a 1~2 level. 28-day mortality rate was also higher at general hospitals with a level 3~4 (HR, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.12~1.14), level 5~6 (HR. 1.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.32~1.36), level 7~9 nurse staffing (HR, 1.38; 95% confidence interval, 1.38~1.42), using level 1~2 as reference. Conclusion: Nurses staffing level is a key determinant of healthcare-associated mortality in critically ICUs patients. Policies to achieve adequate nurse staffing levels are therefore required to enhance patient outcomes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.464-480
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• 2022

With the steady development of Artificial Intelligence (AI), online stores are adopting chatbot services as virtual shopping assistants. This study proposes the concept of para-social presence to explore the undiscovered role of fashion chatbots' emotional and relational characteristics on service acceptance. Based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this study investigates the effect of a chatbot's para-social presence on service acceptance intention through consumers' beliefs. The web-based experiment was conducted on adult consumers who experienced chatbot services in an online shopping situation. A total of 247 responses were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and multi-group SEM by AMOS 21.0 and SPSS 23.0. The findings illustrate that the chatbot's intimacy positively influenced consumers' perceived enjoyment, while the chatbot's understanding had a significant effect on perceived usefulness and ease of use. The chatbot's involvement had a positive effect on all consumer beliefs. Moreover, perceived ease of use had a positive influence on usefulness. A greater level of perceived usefulness and enjoyment positively heightened consumers' service acceptance intention. This study also verifies the moderating role of a need for human interaction. Consumers with a high need for human interaction have a relatively low tendency to perceive chatbot services as useful.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.245-252
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• 2021

Background: In patients with total elbow arthroplasty (TEA), the soft-tissue around the elbow can be vulnerable to soft-tissue complications. This study aims to assess the outcomes after soft-tissue reconstruction following TEA. Methods: We retrospectively included nine adult patients who underwent soft-tissue reconstruction following TEA. Demographic data and disease characteristics were collected through medical chart reviews. Additionally, we contacted all four patients that were alive at the time of the study by phone to assess any current elbow complications. Local tissue rearrangement was used for soft-tissue reconstruction in six patients, and a pedicle flap was used in three patients. The median follow-up period was 1.3 years (range, 6 months-14.7 years). Results: Seven patients (78%) underwent reoperation. Four patients (44%) had a reoperation for soft-tissue complications, including dehiscence or nonhealing of infected wounds. Five patients (56%) had a reoperation for implant-related complications, including three infections and two peri-prosthetic fractures. At the final follow-ups, six patients (67%) achieved successful wound healing and two patients had continued wound healing issues, while two patients had an antibiotic spacer in situ and one patient underwent an above-the-elbow amputation. Conclusions: This study reports a complication rate of 78% for soft-tissue reconstructions after TEA. Successful soft-tissue healing was achieved in 67% of patients, but at the cost of multiple surgeries. Early definitive soft-tissue reconstruction could prove to be preferable to minor interventions such as irrigation, debridement, and local tissue advancement, or smaller soft-tissue reconstructions using local tissue rearrangement or a pedicled flap at a later stage.