• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.65-80
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• 2008

Objectives: To identify the relationship between the internet addition of elementary school students, and their health behavior and VDT syndrome, and thereby to detect the impact of internet addiction on the health behavior of elementary school students, to get the basic information necessary to develop a prevention program for internet addiction and to plan for VDT syndrome prevention program. Methods: We conducted this study during the period from jun 27, 2007 through July 8, 2007. The subjects of this study were 416 children whose grades were in 4th through 6th grades of elementary schools located in the city A in Kyung Pook Providence. Data were obtained from self-rating questionnaires. The questionnaires were composed of Korean Internet Addiction Self-examination on Internet Use Patterns (K-scale), Health Behavior Profile, VDT Syndrome, and general characteristics. We used t-test, AVOVA with Ducan method for Post-hoc comparison in means comparison between groups, $X^2$-test for frequency analysis and Pearson's correlation coefficient. We used SPSS/PC(12.0 ver) program and the LISREL 8.53 Win program for covariance structural analysis. Results: Major results were as follows. 1. The internet addiction propensity distribution based on the distribution of scores were investigated according to the self diagnosis scale on internet addiction. 6.5% of them were high risk user group, 14.4% were potential risk users and 79.1% of them were common user groups. 2. Internet addictions by sex, internet use duration, frequency (days/week), time(hours/day), purpose, position, brightness of internet, attitude of parents and frequency of conversation of family members were statistically significant(p<0.01). 3. There was a statistically significant difference in VDT syndrome according to internet addiction groups(p<0.001) besides ocular symptoms, dry mouth and GI troubles. 4. The health behavior score was the lowest in high risk user group(p<0.001). There were significant differences between internet addiction groups in personal hygiene and habits of daily living(p<.002), the prevention of accidents(p<.002), the practice concerned with the prevention of infectious disease(p=.002), and mental health(p<.001). 5. There was also a significant negative correlation between internal addiction and health profile(r=-0.365, p<0.01) and a significant positive correlation between internal addiction and VDT syndrome(r=0.331, p<0.01). 6. As the result of structural model analysis, internet use time(/day), days of internet use(/1week), conversation frequency among family members, degree of brightness of internet use had significant direct effects on internet addiction. Conclusions: The results will help the development of an effective intervention program for the prevention and treatment of internal addiction by clarifying the effect of the internal addiction upon elementary school students' VDT syndrome and health behavior.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2015

As smart phone became popular, its excessive uses cause adverse effects called smart-phone syndrome such as Turtle-neck syndrome in physical side and smart-phone addiction in mental aspects. Turtle-neck syndrome incurred by incorrect posture when you watch smart-phone, which causes a serious health problems. However, these syndromes can be detected by gyro-sensor and timer, and prevented by correcting the posture and halting the function with smart-phone application (App). Thus, this paper proposes App that helps user to realize bad posture and addiction to smart-phone, and to acquire the correct habit by inducing user to stretch neck or to stop operation with warning message. If we tried to adjust bad posture and addiction in using smart-phone through this application, the social losses from smart-phone syndrome would be minimized as a result.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.91-100
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting Visual Display Terminal (VDT) syndrome for elementary school students in the digital learning environment. Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify the factors affecting VDT syndrome in the digital learning environment. This was conducted with 256 elementary school students in grades 5-6 with more than a year of experience in digital learning. The regression model explained 41% of elementary school students' VDT syndrome in the digital learning environment. Variables significantly affecting VDT syndrome include game addiction, sleep time, and air quality with game addiction as the most influential. In the digital learning environment, VDT syndrome is significant because it has physical and psychological impacts on the growth of elementary school students. Therefore, it is necessary to develop guidelines for ideal computer usage habits for this age group.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.759-770
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is through a analysis between old diagnostic tests of the Internet Addiction Syndrome to make a new test model for the physical disturbance problems for the addiction persons. Suggestion treatment for the Internet Addiction Syndrome are follows: 1. Try to decide in advance how much time you will spend on the Net time a day. 2. Decide how much you want the Internet to be a part of each area of your life and then allocate time accordingly. 3. You may decide that you want to keep the Internet at work, and shut the door on it when you leave for home. 4. To physical exercise regularly. 5. Take frequent breaks. 6. Seek out friends and acquaintances who couldn't care less about the Internet. 7. Interact with people in a non-wired world. 8. Consult a Dr. if you can't solved.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between addiction to online games and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in college students. A total of 377 (205 male and 172 female) college students completed an online game addiction scale, a Symptom Severity Scale (SSS), and a Function Status Scale (FSS) for CTS. It was found that five (1.3%) students were diagnosed with an online game addiction, 74 (19.6%) students were diagnosed with a pre-addiction to online games, and 298 (79.0%) students were diagnosed as being average users. The pre-addiction group had significantly higher scores on the SSS than did the average user group (p<.05). The average user group scored significantly lower than did the online game addiction group (p<.05). Symptoms of wrist pain and hand numbness in the daytime were common in the addiction group. There were statistically significant but poor positive relationships between the online game addiction scale and the SSS (r=.312, p<.01), and between the online game addiction scale and the FSS (r=.149, p<.01). The information about online game addiction and CTS identified in this study could contribute to the prevention of online game addiction and CTS in college students.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.31-37
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• 2015

The objectives of this study were: 1) to determine smartphone addiction, visual display terminal syndrome (VDTS) related symptoms, and state anxiety among adolescents, and 2) to identify the relationship among these variables. Data were collected via selfadministrated questionnaire survey from May to June, 2013. The survey was carried out with 540 voluntary participants at 13 to 24 years old from middle schools, high schools, and universities in Korea. The presence and severity of smartphone addiction, VDTS symptoms, and state anxiety were measured using Korean Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale, VDTS Questionnaire, and State Anxiety Inventory, respectively. Data were analyzed by Cohen’s Kappa coefficient, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U test. The mean score of smartphone addiction for all students was 2.17 ± 0.51. The mean scores of smartphone addiction depending on school grade were 2.12 ± 0.53, 2.03 ± 0.48, and 2.42 ± 0.43 for middle school, high school, and college students, respectively. Subjects who experienced minor level of VDTS symptoms had a score of 0.49 ± 0.49 for VDTS symptoms. The score was increased when the level of addiction was higher. There were significant differences in VDTS subjective symptoms among smartphone addiction groups (p<.001). High-risk group of smartphone addiction had the highest scores in every subdomain of VDTS symptoms. Differences were also found in state anxiety among the three groups with smartphone addiction. The findings of this study showed that approximately one out of three adolescents might be classified into problematic smartphone users. Therefore, it is important to educate problematic smartphone users about smartphone addiction and VDTS symptoms to prevent further addiction and aggravation of anxiety.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.89-96
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• 2020

Purpose: The aim of the research was to define the effects of lifestyle habits, smartphone addiction, and mental health on irritable bowel syndrome in college students Methods: The data was collected through convenience sampling of 185 college students. To draw conclusions from the data, we used statistical analysis of independent t-test, χ² test, Fisher's exact test, and multiple logistic regression using SPSS/WIN 24.0. Results: There were significant differences in gender, grade, major, mental health, and smartphone addiction according to the presence of irritable bowel syndrome. Variables identified as influencing factors were gender (OR=4.03, CI: 1.42~11.49) and mental health (OR=1.05, CI: 1.01~1.08). Conclusion: In order to alleviate and improve the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome, it is necessary to assess and continuously manage mental health, such as stress, anxiety and depression of college students, which are the factors that could be intervened.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.139-146
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to confirm the relationship between the subjective symptoms of smartphone addiction and visual display terminal syndrome in nursing college students and learning flow in the COVID-19 pandemic. For the collection of materials, the materials of the final 134 people were analyzed by collecting the students at the nursing colleges located in S city and M city for convenience. The collected materials were subjected to descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficients using the SPSS / WIN 26 program. As a result of this study, the learning flow of nursing college students was negative correlated to the tendency of smartphone addiction and the subjective symptoms of visual display terminal syndrome. Therefore, to improve the learning flow of nursing college students, it is necessary to reduce the symptoms of smartphone addictive use and visual display terminal syndrome. The need for intervention and development of various effective programs for smart phone addiction management and display terminal syndrome management was suggested.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.51-56
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to make a new diagnostic test model for the physical disturbance signs for the overuser or addiction persons in internet. Variations of Somato-diagnostic testR for Internet Addiction Syndrome(Park V1.0) are follows ; 1. Are you hurt in your elbow or shoulder? 2. Do you feel stiffness in your neck? 3. Do you feel numbness of wrist on drive? 4. Are you hurt in your fingers on touch a keyboard or mouse? 5. Are you hurt in your back? 6. I feel taut on my legs sometimes. 7. I feel dim or bloodshot in my eyes. 8. I feel dry in my eyeball. 9. I feel heavy and ache on my head. 10. I can't sleep very well. 11. I have a digestive upset often. 12. My hand's full with sweat on computing. 13. I feel tremble or heavy in my heart. 14. I'm tired easily. 15. I'm not concerned about a sex impulse at all.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.941-948
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• 2014

As smart phone became popular, a word smart phone syndrome is also commonly used among us. Its excessive uses cause adverse effects on daily lives such as mental and physical health education and individual relationships. This paper targeted to undergraduate students who are mostly using smart phones to analyze on their perception of smart phone syndrome and a reality of typical syndrome such as digital forgetfulness, smart phone addiction and dependence on Kakaotalk. It also suggested basic countermeasures for preventing smart phone syndrome. The perception on smart phone syndrome of undergraduate students using over the average 5 hours a day was resulted to be very low, and it is analyzed smart phone syndrome including digital forgetfulness, smart phone addiction and dependence on Kakaotalk is quite serious, so that proper countermeasures and the actions are required.