• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.631-642
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• 2015

The purpose of the study was to examine health status and mini nutritional assessment (MNA) according to self-esteem status of elderly in care hospital. The survey was carried out from $13^{th}$ to $31^{st}$ of September, 2014 in five care hospitals. Analysis was performed for 226 subjects. Evaluation criteria included demographics, clinical status, MNA, health-related quality of life (EQ-5D) and self-esteem. The SE I, SE II and SE III groups were divided by self-esteem scores. Data were analyzed one-way ANOVA, Duncan' multiple range test and Pearson's correlation using SPSS 15.0. Education level, religion, dental condition and medical endurance type were significantly different in all groups. Many elderly people were normal BMI ($20.94{\sim}21.67kg/m^2$). Self-esteem significantly increased in order of SE I, SE II and SE III. Mobility, usual activity and anxiety or depression were significantly different in all groups, and EQ-5D of SE II and SE III groups were significantly higher than that of SE I group. Comparison of MNA screening score in elderly patients was as follows : Score for food intake, psychological stress or acute disease, neuropsychological problems, pressure scores or skin ulcer, protein intake, mode of feeding, nutritional status and health status in SE I group were significantly lower than those of SE II and SE III groups. Mobility and drug intake of SE I group were significantly lower than those of SE III groups. Fruit and vegetable intake SE I group were significantly higher than those of SE II and SE III groups. MIS (Malnutrition Indicator Score) was significantly different among the SE I, SE II and SE III groups. We conclude that self-esteem score is positively correlated with protein intake, nutrition status, health status and MIS in elderly care hospital. To improve nutritional status of elderly in care hospitals, systematic nutrition management and self-esteem education program should be implemented.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.379-390
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• 2005

Effects of dietary brown seaweed product levels on performance and metabolism of protein and energy were investigated in broiler chicks that were activated the acute phase response. One day old chicks were fed diets containing either 0.0(basal), 1.0, 2.0 or 4.0 % brown seaweed products for 3 weeks. The acute phase response was activated by injecting i.p. the Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysacharide(LPS) at $2^{nd}$ week of age. The acute phase response lowered nitrogen balance(NB)/ $kg^{0.75}$ (metabolic body size) and highered dietary ME values in birds fed diets containing brown seaweed product. Increase in dietary brown seaweed products levels lowered daily gain, and NB, uric acid nitrogen(UAN) excretion and ME utilization per $kg^{0.75}$ in chicks with the acute phase response. But the dietary brown seaweed product level did not affect the performance of 3 Week old broiler chicks that experienced the acute phase response. And the brown seaweed products 1.0 and 2.0 % diets lessened the feed intake reduction caused by the acute phase response in broiler chicks. The brown seaweed 2.0% diet increased NB / g diet or $kg^{0.75}$ and decreased the excretion of UAN/g diet or $kg^{0.75}$. This result indicated that the brown seaweed was able to interact with the acute phase response and increased protein retention via decreased breakdown of protein in birds fed brown seaweed 2.0% diet.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.91-95
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• 2010

The acute toxicity of a crude extract of maitake mushroom(Grifola frondosa practical compound: GFPC) and the mixture of maitake mushroom extract and white jelly mushroom extract(Tremella fuciformis practical compound: TFPC). For acute oral toxicity test, male and female ICR mice were randomly assigned to five groups, consisting of 12 animals each, six males and six females, received either GFPC or the mixture of GFPC and TFPC, at dose of 0, 2,000 and 5,000mg/kg b.w. by orally(10ml/kg b.w.). For the period of 48hr, clinical signs, body weight and food intake were measured. All animals survived during the study and did not show any clinical signs. Food intake was mildly decreased in both GFPC and the mixture of GFPC and TFPC treated groups, however, body weight gain showed no significant difference among the groups. It is suggested that LD50 of GFPC and the mixture of GFPC and TFPC by oral administration was estimated to be over 5,000mg/kg in both sexes of mice. These results conform that GFPC and the mixture of GFPC and TFPC are safe and no toxic at average dietary level.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.188-193
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• 2012

This study was designed to evaluate to acute oral toxicity and skin irritation of Chrysanthemum dye in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. SD rats were orally treated with Chrysanthemum dye at a dose of 0, 1 and 2 ml/kg body weight. After oral administration, the rats were observed for 14days. In primary skin irritation test, SD rats were dermally treated with Chrysanthemum dye and observed for 3 days. To ensure the safety of Chrysanthemum dye such as the following were observed and tested. We examined the body weight, the feed intake, the clinical signs, the ophthalmological test, the histopathological test, the mortality and skin irritation. As a result, no significant differences were found in body weight, feed intake and histopathological test between control and Chrysanthemum dye treated group. In the result of skin irritation test, Chrysanthemum dye did not induce erythema and edema after topical application. Primary irritation index was "0" in the test. Therefore, it is suggested that Chrysanthemum dye has no effect on acute toxicity and side effect in SD rats and is non-irritant material based on the score "0" of primary irritation index.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2001

Purpose: We studied to know the effect of early feeding on the course and the recovery of acute diarrheal disease. Methods: The study was conducted on 76 patients who admitted to the Soonchunhyang university hospital for acute diarrhea. We divided 76 patients into 3 dietary groups (whole milk group (WMG): 35, diluted milk group (DMG): 29, breast milk group (BMG): 12). We compared three groups by numbers of diarrhea, numbers of vomiting, calory intake, weight increments, and duration of diarrhea. Results: 1) The mean age was $16.45{\pm}18.20$, $11.53{\pm}9.80$, $5.38{\pm}5.01$ months for WMG, DMG, and BMG, respectively. The mean weight was 9 kg and the mean duration of diarrhea was 2.29 days. 2) The numbers of diarrhea during admission was not significantly different in the three groups. 3) The calory intake during admission was significantly low in DMG. 4) The weight increments during admission was significantly low in DMG. 5) The duration of diarrhea during admission was not significantly different in the three gourps. Conclusion: Early refeeding with whole milk or breast milk did not prolong or worsen the course or symptoms of diarrhea compared with gradual reintroduction with diluted milk. But there were advantages of improved nutrition and weight increments. Futher study is necessary to demonstrate the effect of diet according to the causative organisms.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.1460-1467
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• 2023

A robust approach was conducted to determining the absolute oral bioavailable (f_ab) fractions of ²³⁸U and ²³²Th in rats exposed to contaminated soil along with their hematotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. The soil sample is the International Atomic Energy Agency-312 (IAEA-312) certified reference material, whereas blood, bones, and kidneys of in vivo female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats estimate ²³⁸U- and ²³²Th-f_ab fractions post-exposure. We predict the bioavailable concentration (C_ab) and f_ab values of ²³⁸U and ²³²Th after acute soil ingestion. The blood ²³⁸U (0.750%) and ²³²Th (0.028%) reach their maximum f_ab values after 48 h. The ²³⁸U (f_ab: 0.169-0.652%) accumulates mostly in the kidney, whereas the ²³²Th (f_ab: 0.004-0.021%) accumulates primarily in the bone. Additionally, ²³⁸U is more bioavailable than ²³²Th. Post 48 h acute ingestion demonstrates noticeable histopathological and hematological alterations, implying that intake of ²³⁸U in co-contaminated soil can lead to erythrocytes and proximal tubules damage, whereas, ²³²Th intake can harm erythrocytes. Our study provides new directions for future research into the health implications of acute oral exposures to ²³⁸U and ²³²Th in co-contaminated soils. The findings offer significant insight into the utilization of in vivo SD rat testing to estimate ²³⁸U and ²³²Th bioavailability and toxicity in exposure assessment.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.516-523
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to examine relationships between dietary habits and intakes of antioxidants and B vitamins and the risk of ischemic stroke, and to compare dietary factors according to the presence of cerebral artery atherosclerosis and stroke subtypes. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 147 patients and 144 control subjects were recruited consecutively in the metropolitan area of Seoul, Korea. Sixty participants each in the case and control groups were included in analyses after 1:1 frequency matching. In addition, 117 acute ischemic stroke patients were classified into subtypes according to the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) guidelines. Dietary intake was measured using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire composed of 111 food items and plasma lipid and homocysteine levels were analyzed. RESULTS: When compared with control subjects, stroke patients had unfavorable dietary behaviors and lower intakes of fruits ($73.1{\pm}83.2g$ vs. $230.9{\pm}202.1g$, P < 0.001), vegetables ($221.1{\pm}209.0g$ vs. $561.7{\pm}306.6g$, P < 0.001), and antioxidants, including vitamins C, E, $B_6$, ${\beta}$-carotene, and folate. The intakes of fruits, vegetables, vitamin C, and folate were inversely associated with the risk of ischemic stroke after adjusting for confounding factors. Intakes of vegetables, vitamins C, $B_6$, $B_{12}$, and folate per 1,000 kcal were lower in ischemic stroke with cerebral atherosclerosis than in those without. Overall vitamin $B_{12}$ intake per 1,000 kcal differed according to the TOAST classification (P = 0.004), but no differences among groups existed based on the post-hoc test. CONCLUSIONS: When compared with control subjects, ischemic stroke patients, particularly those with cerebral atherosclerosis, had unfavorable dietary intake, which may have contributed to the development of ischemic stroke. These results indicate that proper dietary recommendations are important for the prevention of ischemic stroke.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.611-621
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• 2016

This study examined the effects of collagen peptide intake extracted from the tilapia fish (TFCP) on UVB-induced skin in hairless mice. To cause photoaging, the hairless mice were exposed to UVB irradiation three times a week and TFCP was administered with 545 and 1090 mg/kg once a day for 12 weeks. The level of wrinkle formation, thickness of the skin, acute erythema, skin hydration, amount of hydroxyproline, expression of MMPs and filaggrin were measured. Wrinkle formation, thickness of the skin, and acute erythema were significantly lower and skin hydration was higher in the TFCP intake group compared to the UVB-control mice group. In addition, the amount of the collagen and hydroxyproline of the collagen peptide intake group were much higher than the UVB-control group. Oral administration of TFCP inhibited the expression of the MMP-3 and MMP-13 mRNA level as well as activated MMP-2 and MMP-9 induced by UV irradiation, and increased the protein expression of filaggrin in hairless mice skin. In summary, the oral administration of TFCP can inhibit wrinkle formation and protect the skin from UV-damage. Therefore, this study suggests that TFCP is a potential candidate material for skin functional foods.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.183-192
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• 2004

Two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of the acute phase response on the performance and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities in liver and erythrocyte of broiler chicks fed dietary krill meals A and B in experiment 1 and krill meal A in experiment 2. The experimental diets are basal diet based on yellow corn and soybean meal and diets substituted 2.0% of krill meal A or B with soybean meal of the basal diet, respectively. Day-old birds fed on the experimental diets and the acute phase response(immunological stress) was activated in the birds on 8-day of age by alternate day injection i.p. with 3 doses the Salmonella typhymurium lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in saline. The values during the acute phase response were compared with those controls injected with saline. The performance; daily gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency were different between dietary krill meal A and B in birds during the acute phase response and in the control. The acute phase response increased relative liver and spleen weights. Recovery of birds from the immunological stress was different between krill meals. Dietary krill meals increased activities of MnSOD and Cu/ZnSOD in erythrocyte cytosols during the actute phase response. Dietary krill meals did not affect the PHA-p response. The results indicated that the dietary krill meals may accentuate oxidative stress during the acute phase response.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2003

Two experiments were conducted for the physiological and growth responses of yearling sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus (total length 24.4$\pm$1.5 cm, body weight 125.4$\pm$25.4 g) by the manipulation of salinity. To study the physiological responses of the sea bass by acute salinity change, we changed water salinity from 30 ppt into 2 ppt in rearing tank through 1 hour or 6 hour. To access the effect of salinity in the growth of sea bass, we also examined the growth of the sea bass in 2, 10, 20 and 30 ppt for 180 days. After salinity change, all yearlings appeared some stress response and ions changes in blood. The yearlings showed a slow recovery by an acute salinity exchange, but a fast recovery by slow salinity exchange. In the study about the influence of salinity in growth, although the food intake of yearlings in 20 ppt was significantly higher than the yearling in the other salinities, feed efficiency was higher in 10 ppt than the other salinities. However, the food intake and the feed efficiency in 2 ppt were significantly lower than in other groups. The growth of yearlings was significantly faster in 20 ppt than in the other salinities, but the growth showed significantly slower in 2 ppt than in the other salinities.