• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.877-890
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• 2017

Objectives: Lonicerae flos (LF), a dried flower part of Lonicera japonica Thunb., has been widely used in Korean medicine as anti-inflammatory and antioxidative agent. The purpose of this study was to determine the cardioprotective effects of LF, through potential antioxidant effects, on the pressure overload (PO)-induced heart failure (HF) in C57BL/6 mice after transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery. Methods: Resveratrol (10 mg/kg body weight) or LF (125, 250 or 500 mg/kg body weight) was orally administered, once daily for 14 days, starting 14 days after TAC surgery. Changes in the mortality, body weights, heart weights, histopathology of the heart, and antioxidant defense systems of the heart were analyzed. Results: Marked and noticeable increases of heart weights, mortalities, and hypertrophic, focal, and lytic fibrotic histological changes in the LVs were observed, with destruction of heart antioxidant defense systems after surgery. However, HF signs, induced by TAC surgery through PO, and destruction of heart antioxidant defense systems were significantly and dose-dependently inhibited by 14 days of maintained oral treatment with LF 500, 250 or 125 mg/kg. Treatment with 250 mg/kg LF was comparable to treatment with 10 mg/kg resveratrol. Conclusions: The results in this study suggest that oral administration of LF favorably relieves PO-induced HF following TAC, through increase of heart antioxidant defense systems. The overall effects of 250 mg/kg LF were similar to those of 10 mg/kg resveratrol. More detailed mechanistic studies should be conducted in the future, with screening of the biologically active compounds in LF.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2020

사이버공간의 확대로 인하여 전쟁양상 또한 재래전에서 사이버전을 포함한 형태로 바뀌어가고 있다. 사이버전이란 국가나 조직의 활동을 방해하기 위해 컴퓨터 기술을 사용하는 것으로 특히 국방 분야에서는 적 사이버 공격에 대해 체계적으로 대응할 필요성이 있다. 하지만 사이버 위협 환경에서 효과적으로 방어하기 위한 방어체계는 많이 미비하다. 이를 보완하기 위한 새로운 사이버전 운영개념이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 방어 중심의 사이버작전을 수행함에 있어 사이버작전 수행절차에 따라 요구되는 사이버 정보감시정찰, 능동적 방어 및 대응, 전투피해평가, 지휘통제 개념들을 효과적인 사이버작전 수행을 위해 통합적인 운용개념을 연구하고 이를 발전시켜 사이버전장에서 지속적인 전략적 우위를 달성할 수 있는 사이버전 운영 개념을 제시하고자 한다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.843-850
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• 2012

함정 전투체계의 운용개념 및 탐색 레이더의 운용성능을 고려하여 설계된 안테나는 반도체형 송수신기들로 구성된 능동배열안테나 시스템이다. 안테나 시스템을 구성하는 전자장비들을 배치하면, 전체 형상은 상당히 큰 크기의 박스 형태가 된다. 함정 마스트에 장착되어 기계적으로 회전하는 안테나 시스템은 가혹한 외부 환경으로부터 내부 장비를 보호하기 위해 밀폐된 하우징을 사용한다. 하우징의 외부형상을 결정할 때, 기존 설계는 강풍이 존재하더라도 정상 회전 유지가 중요한 설계 고려 요소이다. 최근에 함정의 생존성을 증대시키기 위해 저피탐 설계가 요구된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 저피탐 설계요소를 추가하여 제안된 4 가지 모델에 대해서 외부 형상 설계를 분석하였다.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.129-149
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• 2003

Liver is an important target of the toxicity of drugs, xenobiotics and oxidative stress. Acetaminophen pverdose causes acute liver injury in both humans and animals. This study was performed to observe the effect of sachunwhan and its component groups on recovery of hepatoxicity in acetaminophen treated rats. The experimental group was divided into 4 groups: sachungwhan(SC), samultang group(SC-1: 當歸, 川芎), chungyul group(SC-2: 龍膽草, 大黃, 梔子), and haepyo group(SC-3:羌活, 防風). Under the same condition Normal group was fed basal diet and water; Control group was injected acetaminophen and fed basal diet for 2 weeks; Experimental groups were injected acetaminophen and fed each extracts for 2 weeks respectively. The results were obtained as follows: 1. In the study on antioxidative defense system in vivo, SC reduced the amount of lipid peroxide in both serum and liver and showed activity on antioxidative enzymes such as catalase, glutathion. Other groups had effect only on glutathion. 2. In the study on hepatotoxicity(GOT, GPT, ${\gamma}$-GTP, ALP, LDH, Bilirubin), SC had a significant effect on recovery of hepatoxicity in acetaminophen treated rats. Other groups had no effect except SC-1 having effect on ${\gamma}$-GTP. As results shown, only Sachungwhan(SC) has significant effects on recovery of hepatoxicity and antioxidative defense system in vivo. These results suggest that Sachungwhan(SC) made antioxidative defense system active and it seemed to be very important to its effect on recovery of hepatoxicity. In the other hand, Component groups had no effect on recoverv of hepatoxicity and antioxidative defense system in vivo. This was thought that component drugs' cooperative synergy effect would be important to Sachungwhan(SC)'s effects mentioned in this paper.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.321-329
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• 2009

Rapid production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated in the regulation of innate immunity in plants. A potato calcium-dependent protein kinase (StCDPK5) activates an NADPH oxidase StRBOHA to D by direct phosphorylation of N-terminal regions, and heterologous expression of StCDPK5 and StRBOHs in Nicotiana benthamiana results in oxidative burst. The transgenic potato plants that carry a constitutively active StCDPK5 driven by a pathogen-inducible promoter of the potato showed high resistance to late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans accompanied by HR-like cell death and $H_2O_2$ accumulation in the attacked cells. In contrast, these plants showed high susceptibility to early blight necrotrophic pathogen Alternaria solani, suggesting that oxidative burst confers high resistance to biotrophic pathogen, but high susceptibility to necrotrophic pathogen. NO and ROS synergistically function in defense responses. Two MAPK cascades, MEK2-SIPK and cytokinesis-related MEK1-NTF6, are involved in the induction of NbRBOHB gene in N. benthamiana. On the other hand, NO burst is regulated by the MEK2-SIPK cascade. Conditional activation of SIPK in potato plants induces oxidative and NO bursts, and confers resistance to both biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens, indicating the plants may have obtained during evolution the signaling pathway which regulates both NO and ROS production to adapt to wide-spectrum pathogens.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.452-458
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• 2020

In this paper, the contents of the development of RESS(Radar Environmental Signals Simulator) for the test of active phased array multi-function radar are described. The developed RESS can simulate multiple target environments, such as target/jamming/missile response/cluster signals, by using received radar operational information and simulated scenario. It can also modulate frequency, phase, gain, timing on all waveforms operated by multi-function radar and simulated two targets and one jamming in the beam. The RESS can be used to perform functional and performance verification of the active phased array multi-function radar with sub-array receiving structures.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.538-547
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• 2015

The goal of this study is to develop an algorithm to propose optimal deployment of detection sensor nodes in the target area, based on a performance surface, which represents detection performance of active and passive acoustic sonar systems. The performance surface of the active detection system is calculated from the azimuthal average of maximum detection ranges, which is estimated with a transmission loss and a reverberation level predicted using ray-based theories. The performance surface of the passive system is calculated using the transmission loss model based on a parabolic equation. The optimization of deployment configurations is then performed by a hybrid method of a virtual force algorithm and a particle swarm optimization. Finally, the effectiveness of deployment configurations is analyzed and discussed with the simulation results obtained using the algorithm proposed in this paper.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2005

현재의 침입차단, 침입탐지 등의 보안강화시스템은 공격자에 대하여 해당 트래픽만을 차단하는 수동적인 방어 시스템으로 실제 공격자에 대한 능동적인 대응이 부족하여 재공격 및 우회공격에 취약하다. 또한, 현재의 역추적 기술은 수작업을 통한 로그정보 수집 및 추적으로 인해 많은 시간과 인력이 필요하여 능동적 대응이 불가능하다. 본 논문에서는 현재의 인터넷 환경에 적용 가능하며 재공격 및 우회공격에 대응하기 위하여 IP헤더에 마크를 삽입하여 추적하는 TCP 연결 역추적 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법은 기존네트워크 구성요소의 수정이 불필요하고, 응답패킷에 XOR 연산 기법을 적용하여 마킹되는 정보의 양과 자원의 오버헤드를 줄일 수 있다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.440-451
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• 2014

A multi-static SONAR system consists of the transmitters and receivers separately in space. The active target echoes are received along the transmitter-target-receiver path and depend on the shape and aspect angle of the submerged objects at each receiver. Thus, the target echo algorithm used with a mono-static system, in which the transmitter and receiver are located at the same position, has limits in simulating the target echoes for a multi-static SONAR system. In this paper, a target echo modeling procedure for a 3D submerged object in space is described based on the Kirchhoff approximation, and the SONAR system is extended to a multi-static SONAR system. The scattered field from external structures is calculated on the visible surfaces, which is determined based on the locations of the transmitter and receiver. A series of experiments in an acoustic water tank was conducted to measure the target echoes from scaled targets with a single transmitter and 16 receivers. Finally, the numerical results were compared with experimental results and shown to be useful for simulating the target echoes/target strength in a multi-static SONAR system.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.86-93
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• 2017

Purpose In this study, radiation workers who work in nuclear medicine department were analyzed to find the cause of differences of radiation exposure from General Characteristic, Knowledge, Recognition and Conduct, especially females working on nuclear medicine radiation, in order to pave the way for positive defense against radiation exposure. Materials and Methods The subjects were 106 radiation workers who were divided into two groups of sixty-four males and forty-two females answered questions about their General Characteristic, Knowledge, Recognition, Conduct, and radiation exposure dose which was measured by TLD (Thermo Luminescence Dosimeter). Results The results of the analysis revealed that as the higher score of knowledge and conduct was shown, the radiation exposure decreased in female groups, and as the higher score of conduct was shown, the radiation exposure decreased in male groups. In the correlation analysis of female groups, the non-experienced in pregnancy showed decreasing amount of radiation exposure as the score of knowledge and conduct was higher and the experienced in pregnancy showed decreasing amount of radiation exposure as the score of recognition and conduct was higher. In the regression analysis on related factors of radiation exposure dose of nuclear medicine radiation workers, the gender caused the meaningful result and the amount of radiation exposure of female groups compared to male groups. In the regression analysis on related factors of radiation exposure dose of female groups, the factor of conduct showed a meaningful result and the amount of radiation exposure of the experienced in pregnancy was lower compared to the non-experienced. Conclusion The conclusion of this study revealed that radiation exposure of female groups was lower than that of male groups. Therefore, male groups need to more actively defend themselves against radiation exposure. Among the female groups, the experienced in pregnancy who have an active defense tendency showed a lower radiation exposure. Thus, those who have never been pregnant need to have a more active defensive conduct for the future possibility of pregnancy.