• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.31
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• pp.209-226
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• 2013

With rapidly changing multimedia environment, various artistic changes and digitalized up-to-date social infra, urban environment construction based on culture contents has been activated. The large image in front of urban building that is expressed as media-façade, increasing rapidly in a recent period, is not a new thing at all. In addition, IT technology molten in city space is testing the possibility of new media through the meeting with architecture. However, unlike its infra enlargement, the definition about media-façade is not clear so the system was constructed in a level of night lightscape or outdoor image advertisement. The purpose of this guideline is the regulation from the negative aspect rather than the possibility of various visual, artistic media expressions. Therefore, it could not show essential concept of media-façade. Moreover, most of companies or building owners focus on short-term profit and marketing effect rather than prepare various contents so they can not use constructed infra properly. After all, in many cases, they discolor the meaning of media-façade. This paper is a pilot study to grasp the current definition of media-façade to construct right guideline of media-façade. On the basis of this study, it will prepare academic definition of media-façade and construct the guideline for design evaluation.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.52-70
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• 1996

This historical research was conducted to analyze and categorize the titles which were presented in the journal, The Korean Nurse, from August 1962 to October 1995. Titles which were published with the purpose of educating graduate nurses and to update 0 their nursing knowledge to improve professional practice were included. There were 348 articles published from the beginning of publication in August, 1962 to October, 1995. All of the journals were reviewed except nine missing journals which were not available in any library. According to the characteristics of the articles in the periodical, the articles were divided into three periods. In each of the three peroids there were five categories: Subject, Clinical Practice, Fundamentals of Nursing Science, Nursing Administration, Others. These categories were adopted from Kim's(1994) division system which was developed to analyze nurse's insurance education program. The special feature peroid was from August, 1962 to December, 1974. In this period the articles were presented in an unorganized manner in the area of special feature or main issue. The largest area was the subject category(44%). The second largest area wes the fundamental of nursing science category(31%). From May, 1975 to December, 1977, the articles with the educational purposes were published in a designated area called continuing education. This period was labelled as the continuing education period. Among the published articles in this period, 45% focused on the subject category and 45% on the fundamentals of nursing science category. In this period the articles were focusing on nurses 'work in specific areas such as industry, nurses' aid schools, and nursing administration, articles on physical assessment first started to appear. The written continuing education period was from January 1978 to October, 1995. All the educational articles published in this area were analyzed and categorized into five areas as for the other periods. 48% of the articles focused on the subject category. In the mid-eighties, the term nurse specialist first.appeared and ten years later in 1990, the titles were subdivided into more specific titles, such as, home nursing, industrial nursing, emergency nursing, 23% were in the fundamental nursing science category and they dealt with nursing process, nursing theories, theory development. For the content analysis, three articles, one from each period, dealing with cardiovscular diseases were selected for comparsion. First, the special feature period, the title of the article was on diet therapy for cardiovascular disease patients, but instead the content was about rest, hygiene, medication, observation. They recommended rings to prevent bed sores, which is now considered as a cause for bed sores. In the continuing education period, the content was more focused on rehabilitation rather than general nursing .care. It became more specific, systematic, and organized compared with the special feature period. In the written continuing education period, the focus was on rehabilitation, not broadly, but very specifically on exercise. The further research on the content analysis is recommended along with a comparison of the trends in the Journal of Nurses Academic Society.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.271-284
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• 2016

This study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of CBT for perinatal depression through systematic literature review and meta-analysis. The following databases were used to search the literature: CINAHL, PubMed, EMBASE, Koreamed, Library of Korean Congress, KISS, and Korean Academic Publication Database. Keywords included 'perinatal depression,' 'pregnant women,' and 'cognitive behavioral therapy,' and the evaluated articles were published up to May 2016. Using the R program, the effect size of perinatal depression and anxiety were calculated by random-effects model. The heterogeneity of the effect size was analyzed by data moderator analysis using the meta-ANOVA. Furthermore, the funnel plot, Egger's regression test, fail-safe N, trim-and-fill test, and publication bias analysis were conducted and used to verify the results. Out of the 180 selected articles, 16 clinical trial studies were meta-analyzed. Each articles were evaluated for the risk of bias by the checklist of SIGN; the overall risk of bias was low. The effect size of CBT for perinatal depression was Hedges' g=-0.55 (95% CI: -0.76~-0.33), which was a moderate level, while for anxiety reduction, Hedges' g=-0.20 (95% CI: -0.48~-0.08) and it was not statistically significant. Heterogeneity or risk of publication bias were low. This meta-analytic study found that CBT is moderately effective in reducing perinatal depression in pregnant women.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.18C no.5
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• pp.331-338
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• 2011

The RFID system includes a section of wireless communication between the readers and the tags. Because of its vulnerability in terms of security, this part is always targeted by attackers and causes various security problems including the leakage of secret and the invasion of privacy. In response to these problems, various protocols have been proposed, but because many of them have been hardly implementable they have been limited to theoretical description and theorem proving without the accurate verification of their safety. Thus, this study tested whether the protocol proposed by Kenji et al. satisfies security requirements, and identified its vulnerabilities such as the exposure of IDs and messages. In addition, we proposed an improved RFID security protocol that reduced the number of public keys and random numbers. As one of its main characteristics, the proposed protocol was designed to avoid unnecessary calculations and to remove vulnerabilities in terms of security. In order to develop and verify a safe protocol, we tested the protocol using Casper and FDR(Failure Divergence Refinements) and confirmed that the proposed protocol is safe in terms of security. Furthermore, the academic contributions of this study are summarized as follows. First, this study tested the safety of a security protocol through model checking, going beyond theorem proving. Second, this study suggested a more effective method for protocol development through verification using FDR.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2013

A scaled version of a roller rig is developed to demonstrate the dynamic characteristics of a railway vehicle for academic purposes. This rig is designed based on Jaschinski's similarity law. It is scaled to 1/10 of actual size and allows 9-DOF motion to examine the up and down vibration of a train set. The test rig consists of three sub-hardware components: (i) a driving roller mechanism with a three-phase AC motor and an inverter, (ii) a bogie structure with first and second suspensions, and (iii) the vehicle body. The motor of the rig is capable of 3,600rpm, allowing the test to simulate a vehicle up to a maximum speed of 400Km/hr. Because bearings and joints are properly connected to the sub-structures, various motion analyses, such as a lateral, pitching, and yawing motion, are allowed. The slip motion between the rail and the wheel set is also monitored by several sensors mounted in the rig. After the construction of the hardware, an experiment is conducted to obtain the natural frequencies of the dynamic behavior of the specimen. First, the test rig is run and data are collected from six sets of accelerometers. Then, a numerical analysis of the model based on the ADAMS program is derived. Finally, the measurement data of the first three fundamental frequencies are compared to the analytical result and the validation of the test rig is conducted. The results show that the developed roller rig provides good accuracy in simulating the dynamic behavior of the vehicle motion. Although the roller rig designed in this paper is intended for academia, it can easily be implemented as part of a dynamic experiment of a bogie and a vehicle body for a high-speed train as part of the research efforts in this area.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.253-263
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• 2018

Textile fashion industry is a core foundation industry, having the majority of companies with 10 or more workers, in Northern Gyeonggi Province. however the industry is mostly comprised of small unit-stream enterprises, orders are greatly reduced due to lately accelerated overseas expansion of medium/large-sized vendors and the growth-inhibiting vicious circle has being set in, as this situation causes the reduction of investment. For resolving the problems, this study proposes required political factors and concrete policy proposals by designing AHP research model(4 layers and 36 elements), based on grasp of the transitional aspect of industrial scale and business environment through analysis of various industrial statistics, preceding research such as related literature search and (industrial/academic/R&D/government) specialist opinion investigation, and then calculating relative importance and priority of each factor(element) within each layer. And for raising usefulness and availability of the research result by concretely suggesting the vision, strategies, core tasks and detailed projects in which the research model and deduced result are reflected.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.157-179
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• 2009

This papers aims to focus on the city marketing as the green growth policy strategies using a case study of Gangneung City, Republic of Korea. In the case study it was verified the fields of urban growth including ecology, culture, alternative and recycled energy, green transportation system. The implications of the study were as follows: First, the city government had regenerated the coastal pine forest through removing unlicensed buildings which were squatted down in decades. Secondly, the city government has recognized the value of culture that possessed various types of cultural asserts. Thirdly, it is possible to use and produce the ocean energy with the tidal power plant, wind power plant and green deep water because Gangneung City has the ocean-oriented image and is located the coastal region. Lastly, the city government has been utilizing the LED traffic light using solar heat and is going to apply the green car like an electric car. This paper indicates the importance of the alternatives of the green growth-oriented policy through city marketing using the concept of culture and ecology. The city government will strive after an advanced triple bottom line with the ecological sustainability, cultural diversity and economic effectiveness in the near future.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.94-106
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• 1996

Nursing literature suggests that the self-concept of nurses gives an important implications to educators and administrators as well as clinicians for their professional development. With a view to exploring how nurses view themselves, the Professional Self-Concept of Nurses Instrument (PSCNI) using 27 Likert items was developed by Arthur in Australia in 1990. This study is an extension of the PSCNI using Korean samples with some modifications. A convenience sample was drawn from 800 nurses working in three university hospitals in Seoul ; three university hospitals in Kyonggi-do and a university hospital and a psychiatric hospital in Kangwon-do. Seven hundred questionnaires were analyzed using the statistical analysis system(SAS). The reliability of the scale was tested by test-retest and Cronbach's alpha. Differences in the PSCNI, which are closely related to demographic variables, were examined by t-test, ANOVA and the Duncan's multiple range test. Factor analysis was employed so as to examine component factors. The results are summarized as follows : 1. The test-retest reliability of the PSCNI was .79 and Cronbach's alpha was .85. Item correlations with total revealed consistent correlations and subscale reliability varied from .49 to .85. 2. The average score of PSCNI was 75.21 and average item score was 2.79. 3. Twenty four items were derived from the PSCNI 27 items and these items clustered in three component factors. The cumulative percent of variance was 38.12％ and for factor 1 was 22.81％, for factor 2, 9.79％ and for factor 3, 5.51％ respectively 4. A comparison of the scores for the dimensions of the PSCNI shows a relative difference in terms of mean item scores and in descending order, professional practice（m=2.83）, communication （m=2.82） and satisfaction（m=2.70）. 5. Professional self-concept of nurses was found to vary significantly according to age（P=.0001）, religion（P=.0001）, academic background（P= .0109）, marital status（P=.0001）, career（P= .0001） and position（P=.0001）. In conclusion, there was a correlation between professional self-concept of nurses, and life and work variables. This study provides an important message for administrators and nurse educators by highlighting factors which can be addressed by education programs, staff development and appraisal. While the test results largely confirm the Australian and Canadian tests, further research is necessary to improve the cumulative percent of variance instead of applying Arthur's PSCNI directly to Korean nurses.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.49-66
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• 2000

Pregnancy is a task of creation in which a women mobilizes her self and the resources available to her in the generation of a new person. Through the pregnancy, a mother has formed the new human relationship with a fetus. Maternal-fetal relationship is considered one of mechanism making the relationship of mother and child. It is important to well-being of mother and fetus, too. The earliest interaction between a mother and her child is during prenatal period. Maternal-fetal dyad is unique and perceived interactions with the fetus make the pregnancy real for the mother. Maternal behavior is "instinctive" and is formed in early childhood by copy of the mother. But, Rubin argues that this behavior is an open intellectual system rather than a prepackaged bundle of traits. There is openness to new learning and a high value placed on knowing which occurs with silent organization in thought. Thus, nurses and other health professionals provide prenatal care that optimally is part of the environment in which the maternal-fetal dyad develops. Thus it is appropriate for nurses to increases their understanding of the dyad and to explore ways to enhance its development. This study focusses on the interaction ability and response of fetus, and the maternal-fetal interaction. The research of fetal responses that involve physiological changes and motor movement have been shown to coccur to both external sensory stimuli and to maternal emotional states. The fetus does also have sensory capacity to be aware of some maternal behaviors, and the motor ability to respond in a way the mother can notice. Thus, very rudimentary interactions appear to be possible. Maternal awareness of fetal activity was supported by several studies. More interesting to the present study are description of maternal-fetal interaction and the finding that there appear to be levels of sensitivity to the fetus involved in maternal-fetal interactions. First, recognition comes that the fetus is separate from the maternal self. Next, the fetus engages in. Lastly, the parent may describe active interaction with the fetus, believing that mother and fetus are communicating on a meaningful level. Several interventions, developed to promote more active interaction between mother and fetus, have been reviewed. In general, the parents were taught to stimulate the fetus and to notice the fetus' responses. This type of intervention might increase the mother's sensitivity to her unborn baby, and she may have a head start toward learning how to res pond sensitivity to the newborn infant. Research In the area of maternal-fetal interaction is scarce. Sensitive behavior is construed as an appropriate and timely response to a signal of need from another person, but no such signal of need can be claimed regarding the fetus. The highest level of maternal-fetal interaction, therefore, might be based more on maternal representations of the imagined fetus than on factual evidence of fetal participation.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.493-504
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• 2017

This study attempted to derive the sub-factors for the perception of cosmetology education affecting satisfaction of students with the cosmetology education and analyze their effects on career choice through a questionnaire survey against a total of a total of 120 people who had taken the cyber university cosmology lecture previously. For cosmetology education perception factors, four predictive variables (educational environment, operating system, curriculum and lecture management) and one variable regarding educational satisfaction were derived and used as analysis tools. The purpose of education by academic major was the acquisition of license and theory & practice education in hairdressing and skin care, respectively. Students showed more interest in hairdressing lectures as they had little work experience and in skin care lectures when they had extensive work experience (p<0.01). Correlation was found between the four education perception-related sub-regions and satisfaction with education (p<0.01). In particular, curriculum and lecture management had a positive effect on satisfaction with education with statistical significance. As the perception of lectures increased, students were more satisfied with cosmetology education (p<0.001). In addition, academia-industry cooperation, career analysis, cosmetology lectures and school had influence on career choice. This study found several issues such as difficult curriculum and poor communication, and it appears that it is necessary to develop a better communication plan and new educational lectures by career and stage.