• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.20-32
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to set up an anomaly detection criteria for sensor data coming from a motorcycle. Methods: Five sensor values for accelerator pedal, engine rpm, transmission rpm, gear and speed are obtained every 0.02 second from a motorcycle. Exploratory data analysis is used to find any pattern in the data. Traditional process control methods such as X control chart and time series models are fitted to find any anomaly behavior in the data. Finally unsupervised learning algorithm such as k-means clustering is used to find any anomaly spot in the sensor data. Results: According to exploratory data analysis, the distribution of accelerator pedal sensor values is very much skewed to the left. The motorcycle seemed to have been driven in a city at speed less than 45 kilometers per hour. Traditional process control charts such as X control chart fail due to severe autocorrelation in each sensor data. However, ARIMA model found three abnormal points where they are beyond 2 sigma limits in the control chart. We applied a copula based Markov chain to perform statistical process control for correlated observations. Copula based Markov model found anomaly behavior in the similar places as ARIMA model. In an unsupervised learning algorithm, large sensor values get subdivided into two, three, and four disjoint regions. So extreme sensor values are the ones that need to be tracked down for any sign of anomaly behavior in the sensor values. Conclusion: Exploratory data analysis is useful to find any pattern in the sensor data. Process control chart using ARIMA and Joe's copula based Markov model also give warnings near similar places in the data. Unsupervised learning algorithm shows us that the extreme sensor values are the ones that need to be tracked down for any sign of anomaly behavior.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.73-77
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• 2018

Purpose: The prefrontal lobe, supplementary motor area, cerebellum, and basal ganglia are activated during gait. In addition, gait is controlled by nerves, such as the corticospinal tract (CST) and corticoreticular pathway (CRP). In this study, the presence of an injury to the CST and CRP was identified by diffusion tensor imaging and the characteristics of the gait pattern were investigated according to inferior cerebral artery infarction. Methods: One patient and six control subjects of a similar age participated. A 69-year-old female patient had an injury to the left basal ganglia, insular gyrus, corona radiata, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and postcentral gyrus due to an inferior cerebral artery infarction. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data was acquired 4 weeks after the stroke. The kinematic and spatio-temporal parameters of gait were collected using a three-dimensional gait analysis system. Results: On 4 weeks DTI, the CST and CRP in the affected hemisphere did not show injury to the affected and unaffected hemisphere. Gait analysis showed that the cadence of spatio-temporal parameter was decreased significantly in the patient. The angle of the knee joint was decreased significantly in the affected and unaffected sides compared to the control group. Conclusion: The results of diffusion tensor imaging showed that although the patient was evaluated to be capable of an independent gait, the quality and quantity of gait might be reduced. This study could help better understand the gait ability analysis of stroke patients and the abnormal gait pattern of patients with a brain injury.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(5)
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• pp.293-296
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• 2002

In this study, the object is a development on uroflowmetry system to detect a voiding symptom conveniently in home or hospital. The hardware was composed of mechanism and system circuit part, the software was divided into firmware and PC program part. The following experiment was performed to evaluate an ability of classification and fitness. First, the following parameters was calculated in each flow curve pattern. The parameters are MFR, AFR, VOL, VT, FT, and TMF. A significant difference among parameters was examined through a statistical analysis for extracted parameters between normal and abnormal group. In the next work, the following experimentation was performed to classify the voiding symptom. Analysis of congregate rate was examined to find out classification possibility about each symptom of BPH, voiding difficulty, detrusor failure and hyperreflexia, unstable bladder. The uroflow data with the above symptom was divided into normal and abnormal group using fuzzy classifier. and that was performed appending the other group again. Fuzzy classification result using MFR and AFR was superior by 89.6 % more than grouping evaluation including VOL.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.731-736
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• 2023

보행은 특정 단계를 반복하는 주기적인 동작으로 사람의 기본 이동방법이다. 보행 분석을 통해 여러 가지 근골격계의 건강상태를 판별할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 공간의 제약 없이 보행 분석을 할 수 있는 착용형 센서 시스템을 제안한다. 거리를 측정하는 ToF(: Time-of-Flight) 센서와 기울기를 측정하는 IMU(: Inertial Measurement Unit) 센서로 보행 중의 뒤꿈치 궤적을 도출한다. 낙상의 위험이 있는 이상보행을 할 때의 뒤꿈치 궤적의 변화 양상을 분석하여 보행을 평가한다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.248-253
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• 2008

Stresses and nutritional starvation are two main external signals for the induction of sex pheromones in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. In an attempt to identify the components involved in transduction of starvation signals, we screened 135 temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants and isolated 6 mutants that induced the pheromone even in the presence of a nitrogen source. These mutants exhibited two distict induction phenotypes: pheromone induction at restrictive but not at permissive temperatures; and pheromone induction at both permissive and restrictive temperatures. The times required for the maximum pheromone induction at the restrictive temperature differed slightly in each mutant. In addition to the pheromone induction phenotype, the ts243 and ts304 mutants exhibited cell-division-cycle defects. The ts304 mutant cells showed an abnormal cytoplasmic DAPI staining pattern. The nucleolus of this mutant seemed to be fragmented, a phenomenon which is typically observed in aged yeast cells. The result of our genetic analysis indicated that the pheromone induction mutants belonged to 6 separate complementation groups. We designated these mutants pws1 to pws6.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.504-509
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• 1994

Achondroplasia is characterized by undergrowth of long bones and cartilages and by low height. The name of this disease had been called classical chondrodystrophy, dyschondroplasia, chondrodystrophy and micromelia before Parrot reported the term of this disease as Achondroplasia. We are reporting in this paper on an 3-year and 4-month-old boy with achondroplasia. The dental findings are as follows: 1. Open bite and relatively mandibular prognathism were observed in the front teeth. 2. The size, number, shape, structure of the teeth were usual and the tongue was a little bigger than the normal. 3. The metacarpal bones were short and broadening. Mesial, distal border of the prox. phalanges were irregular and also trabecular pattern was abnormal in the hand-wrist P-A view. 4. According to lat. cephalometric analysis, the cranial basis was underdeveloped.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2005년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.300-310
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• 2005

Mahalanobis Taguchi System (MTS) is developed by Genishi Taguchi as a part of his quality engineering methodology. The basic idea of Taguchi's quality engineering is looking for the way of effectiveness of analyzing multivariate system. In the MTS, with the standardized variables of healthy normal data, Mahalanobis Distance(MD) calculated and that can be discriminate between normal and abnormal objects. If this discrimination process is successful, next step is optimization which is try to reduce number of attributes by neglecting less effective attributes to MD. Orthogonal Array (OA) and Signal to Noise ratio (S/N) are used to evaluate the amount contribution of each attribute to the MD. Wisconsin Breast Cancer study, from machining learning repository at University of California at Irvine, used for examining the discriminant ability of MTS.

• BMB Reports
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.414-419
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• 1995

The retroviruses carrying ${\nu}-myc$ and ${\nu}-raf$ oncogenes were infected into fetal thymic organ culture (FTOC) to study the molecular mechanisms involved in T cell development. T cell lymphomas in the different stages of T cell development were obtained from this culture system. Interestingly, a few cell lines obtained from this system have a lack of transfected oncogenes, however these cells have the characteristics of transformed cells. In spite of the discrete phenotype of these transformed cell lines, the same pattern of recombination of endogenous c-raf genes was detected from Southern blot analysis. We suggest in this regard that the translocation event of thymocytes, or abnormal promoter activity, can cause lymphomagenesis by way of c-raf.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 C
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• pp.1019-1021
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• 1999

In this paper, we describe the design and appliance of the preventive diagnostic expert system of gas in oil for power transformer. This expert system is developed to use expert system development tool; Element Expert (NEURON DATA Inc.) Analysis is developed by four diagnose methods. In first, the standard of KEPCO is applied. It classifies the state of transformer by four level: Normal, warning, abnormal and danger. And the others are gas pattern methods, IEC code method, and Dornen & Roger Ratio method and applied later. These latter methods analyse the cause of result. Inference engine was designed with Element Expert. In last, we operate the system with sample data and we can obtain the correctly inferred result for the state of transformer.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2001

The metallurgical study of microconstituents in transient liquid phase bonded joints of Ni-base single crystal superalloys, CMSX-2 and CMSX-4 was investigated employing MBF-80 insert metal. TLP bonding of specimens was carried out at 1,373~1,523K for 0~19.6ks in vacuum. Three types of microconstituents ; needle-like constituent, dot-like constituent and abnormal shape constituent were formed in the bonded interlayer during TLP bonding operation. All these microconstituents were identified as boride. Microconstituents contain a large percentage of Cr in the early stage of bonding. As increasing the holding time, the amount of Cr was decreased and the amount of W, Co and Re were increased. From the analysis results of electron diffraction pattern by TEM, composition of elements in microconstituents were into MBlongrightarrowM$_{5}$B$_3$longrightarrowM$_2$B type with the increased in holding time. It can be explained by the fact that the relative amount of boron in microconstituents was decreased when the holding time was increased.d.