• ETRI Journal
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.579-584
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• 2005

A CMOS direct-conversion mixer with a single transistor-level topology is proposed in this paper. Since the single transistor-level topology needs smaller supply voltage than the conventional Gilbert-cell topology, the proposed mixer structure is suitable for a low power and highly integrated RF system-on-a-chip (SoC). The proposed direct-conversion mixer is designed for the multi-band ultra-wideband (UWB) system covering from 3 to 7 GHz. The conversion gain and input P1dB of the mixer are about 3 dB and -10 dBm, respectively, with multi-band RF signals. The mixer consumes 4.3 mA under a 1.8 V supply voltage.

• KIEE International Transactions on Electrophysics and Applications
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• 제4C권6호
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• pp.272-275
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• 2004

A balanced single side-band (SSB) mixer employing a sub-harmonic configuration is designed for up and down conversions in K-band. The designed mixer uses anti-parallel diode (APD) pairs to effectively eliminate even harmonics of the local oscillator (LO) spurious signal. To reduce the odd harmonics of LO at the RF port, we employ a balanced configuration for LO. The fabricated chip shows 12$\pm$2dB of conversion loss and image-rejection ratio of about 20dB for down conversion at RF frequencies of 24-27.5GHz. As an up-conversion mode, the designed chip shows 12dB of conversion loss and image-rejection ratio of 20 ～ 25 dB at RF frequencies of 25 to 27GHz. The odd harmonics of the LO are measured below -37dBc.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.311-320
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• 2008

In this paper, a 2.4 GHz low-voltage CMOS double-balanced down-conversion mixer using neutralization technique has been proposed and verified by circuit simulations and measurements. The grounded source structure was used for low-voltage operation. The neutralization technique was used to improve a conversion gain. The proposed mixer is fabricated in $0.25{\mu}m$ CMOS process for a 2.4 GHz wireless receiver. The mixer consumes 1.94 mW and gives conversion gain of 5.66 dB, input IP3 of 0.7 dBm and P1dB of -11.2 dBm at 1.5 V power supply. Measured results for the designed mixer show improved conversion gain of 2.86 dB over conventional mixer of grounded source structure.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제18권
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• pp.173-180
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• 1998

A high speed and stable A/D conversion data process is required to weigh a mass on moving conveyer weighing platter. The paper presents a new method to obtain stable and fast automatic weighing A/D conversion data process. Dynamic weighting system which is constructed with dual load cell is realized by the stable A/D conversion data process algorithm using DSP. The proposed method is applied to the real design, and that experimental results showed good performances of the weighing stability.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.835-840
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• 1993

본 논문은 마이크로웨이브 시뮬레이션 CAD, LINMIC+을 이용하여 소신호 산란계수로 Ku-band용 FET 주파수혼합기를 설계 및 구현하였다. 입력주파수 14GHz에서 구현한 주파수혼합기의 성능을 국부발진 전력레벨이 +1dBm일때 중간주파수 1GHz에서 9.88dB의 변환이득을 얻었다. 또 중간주파수 1.1GHz에서 최대변환이득 11.71dB를 얻었다. 결국 신호주파수 증폭기나 중간주파수 증폭기의 필요성이 낮아진다. 또 낮은 국부발진 전력레벨로 원하는 변환이득을 유지하면서 주파수의 혼합이 가능함을 입증하였다. 변환이득(conversion gain)은 가용이득보다 큰 것을 실험적으로 확인하였다.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.44-53
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 depth layer partition을 이용한 2D 동영상의 자동 3D 변환 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 기법에서는 먼저 2D 동영상의 장면 전환점을 검출하여 각각의 프레임 그룹을 설정하여 움직임 연산 과정에서의 오류 확산을 방지하여 깊이맵(depth map) 생성과 정에서 오차를 줄여준다. 깊이정보는 두 가지 방법으로 생성되는데 하나는 영역 분할과 움직임 정보를 이용하여 깊이맵을 추출하는 것이고 다른 하나는 에지 방향성 히스토그램(edge directional histogram)을 이용하는 방법이다. 제안하는 기법에서는 객체와 배경을 분리하는 depth layer partition 과정을 수행한 후 생성된 두 개의 깊이맵을 원 영상에 최적이 되도록 병합하게 된다. 제안된 기법으로 신뢰도 높은 깊이맵과 결과 영상을 생성할 수 있다는 것을 다양한 실험 결과를 통해 알 수 있다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.675-678
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• 2015

본 논문은 마이크로웨이브 수신기 구성을 위한 다기능 주파수 변환 블록을 설계 및 제작하였다. 제안한 다기능 주파수 변환 블록은 광대역 전압제어발진기와 이중모드 주파수 혼합기로 구성되어, 바이어스 전압 인가 여부에 따라 마이크로웨이브 수신기에 필요한 첫 번째 IF(Intermediate Frequency) 출력 주파수 4,595 MHz / 6,045 MHz는 720 MHz로 주파수 변환을 하고, Ku-대역 수신을 위한 IF 출력 주파수 720 MHz는 주파수 변환을 하지 않고 통과(bypass) 및 감쇄시키는 이중모드의 다기능 동작을 한다. 제작 및 측정결과, 각 중간주파수에서 LO 전력에 따른 변환손실 특성은 2~4 dBm의 LO 레벨에서 4,595 MHz는 13 dB, 6,035 MHz에서 12 dB, 720 MHz에서는 7.0 dB의 변환손실 특성을 나타내었다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 하계학술대회 논문집 G
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• pp.3230-3232
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• 1999

In this paper describes the design and improvement of a hybrid module for dual slope A/D converter. Since the input voltage to be converted is very sensitive and small. A/D converter must have the temperature stability. low-drift, and the high-resolution the conversion. A dual slop A/D converter circuit which is controlled by microprocessoer has been developed to reduce the offset voltage and the drift characteristics of operation amplifiers, and to improve the A/D conversion speed. Also hybrid module has been adapted to obtain the to obtain the stable and accurate A/D conversion for low cost use. The evaluation of the designed hybrid module has been shown as having a good performance, which will give usefull application to the industrial measurements use.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.56-58
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• 2002

In this paper, the double conversion gate mixer using a half-LO frequency is described at 25 GHz band. The proposed mixer uses two HEMTs excited by a single LO signal of half-LO frequency in order to generate the second IF signal. That is, the LO signal having the half-LO frequency is only fed into the gate of the first HEMT mixer as a normal gate mixer. The LO signal through the first mixer is find into the second mixer The proposed miler requires not only half of the normal LO frequency, but also lower LO power than the conventional subharmonically pumped milers. Over the bandwidth of 500 MHz at 24.5 GHz, the conversion gain is 2.5 dB, the noise figure is 9 dB, and the isolation between RF and LO port is 32 dB when the LO poller is 0 dBm at 12.65 GHz.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.599-609
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• 2000

In this paper, sub-harmonically pumped single balanced resistive mixers are presented . Frequency bandwidth is selected for a Ku-band, which is 11.75-12.25GHz for RF, 5.375∼5.625 GHz for LO, and 1 GHz for IF signals. A rat-race hybrid is designed for the accomplishment of single balanced type. A low pass filter (LPF) with photonic band gap(PBG) structure is used for good conversion loss and unwanted harmonics suppression. Two types of mixers are suggested, which are one with no gate bias for no DC power consumption and the other with the IF amplifier for conversion gain. When a LO signal with the power of 6 dBm at 5.5 GHz is injected, a conversion loss of 12.17dB and a conversion gain of 7.83 dB are obtained for each mixer. For the both mixers , LO to RF isolation of 20 dB and LO to IF isolation of 60dB are obtained. With the RF power of -30dBm to -3dBm, the mixer shows linear characteristics region of IF. this mixer can be applied for Ku-band and other microwave communication systems.