• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.125-130
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• 2021

Scaffold is used to produce bio sensor. Scaffold is required high dimensional accuracy. 3D printer is used to manufacture scaffold. 3D printer can't detect defect during printing. Defect detection is very important in scaffold printing. Real-time defect detection is very necessary on industry. In this paper, we proposed the method for real-time scaffold defect detection. Real-time defect detection model is produced using CNN(Convolution Neural Network) algorithm. Performance of the proposed model has been verified through evaluation. Real-time defect detection system are manufactured on hardware. Experiments were conducted to detect scaffold defects in real-time. As result of verification, the defect detection system detected scaffold defect well in real-time.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.1067-1076
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• 2014

To date, biomedical application of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology remains one of the most important research topics and business targets. A wide range of approaches have been attempted using various 3D printing systems with general materials and specific biomaterials. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the biomedical applications using 3D printing techniques, such as surgical tool, medical device, prosthesis, and tissue engineering scaffold. Compared to the other applications of 3D printed products, the scaffold fabrication should be performed with careful selection of bio-functional materials. In particular, we describe how the biomaterials can be processed into 3D printed scaffold and applied to tissue engineering area.

• Journal of International Society for Simulation Surgery
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.80-82
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• 2014

Purpose Microtia is congenital anomaly of external ear and the reconstruction method for the external ear of microtia patient was based on autogenous costal cartilage framework. The application of 3D printing technique in medical science has made more possibility of human tissue restoration, and we tried to apply this technique in auricular reconstruction field. Materials and Methods As for unilateral microtia patient, the contralateral side ear is normal and reconstructive surgeon tried to mimic it for reconstruction of affected ear. So, we obtained facial CT scan of microtia patient and made mirror image of normal side ear. Moreover, to make the 3D scaffold based on the mirror image of normal ear and to apply this scaffold for the auricular reconstruction surgery, we included auriculocephalic sulcus and anterior fixation part. Results We could successfully obtain mirror image of normal ear, auriculocephalic sulcus and anterior fixation part for 3D scaffold printing. Conclusions Using this CT image processing and 3D printing technique, we will be able to make the scaffold for auricular reconstruction of unilateral microtia patient, and perform auricular reconstruction in near future.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.22-29
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• 2018

Intervertebral disc(IVD) mainly consists of Annulus fibrosus(AF) and Nucleus pulposus(NP), playing a role of distributing a mechanical load on vertebral body. IVD tissue engineering has been developed the methods to achieve anatomic morphology and restoration of biological function. The goal of present study is to identify the possibilities for creating a substitute of IVD the morphology and biological functions are the same as undamaged complete IVD. To fabricate the AF and NP combine biphasic IVD tissue, AF tissue scaffolds have been printed by 3D bio-printing system with natural biomaterials and NP tissues have been prepared by scaffold-free culture system. We evaluated whether the combined structure of 3D printed AF scaffold and scaffold-free NP tissue construct could support the architecture and cell functions as IVD tissue. 3D printed AF scaffolds were printed with 60 degree angle stripe patterned lamella structure(the inner-diameter is 5mm, outer-diameter is 10 mm and height is 3 mm). In the cytotoxicity test, the 3D printed AF scaffold showed good cell compatibility. The results of histological and immunohistochemical staining also showed the newly synthesized collagens and glycosaminoglycans, which are specific makers of AF tissue. And scaffold-free NP tissue actively synthesized glycosaminoglycans and type 2 collagen, which are the major components of NP tissue. When we combined two engineered tissues to realize the IVD, combined biphasic tissues showed a good integration between the two tissues. In conclusion, this study describes the fabrication of Engineered biphasic IVD tissue by using enable techniques of tissue engineering. This fabricated biphasic tissue would be used as a model system for the study of the native IVD tissue. In the future, it may have the potential to replace the damaged IVD in the future.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.92-97
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• 2019

In this paper, we investigated the problems and solutions in the production of scaffolds using commercially available FDM 3D printers. We used ADRIGE TRIZ algorithm to systematically analyze the problems and suggest solutions. We printed scaffolds using suggested solutions. We measured the pore size and printing time of the scaffolds. We have confirmed that the printing precision is greater than 99% and the printing time is decreased by half. The suggested solutions proved its validity through experiments and showed satisfactory results.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.59-64
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• 2020

In this paper, we found the solution using data based machine learning regression method to check the pore shape, to solve the problem of the experiment quantity occurring when producing scaffold with the 3d printer. Through experiments, we learned secured each print condition and pore shape. We have produced the scaffold from scaffold pore shape defect prediction model using multiple linear regression method. We predicted scaffold pore shapes of unsecured print condition using the manufactured scaffold pore shape defect prediction model. We randomly selected 20 print conditions from various predicted print conditions. We print scaffold five times under same print condition. We measured the pore shape of scaffold. We compared printed average pore shape with predicted pore shape. We have confirmed the prediction model precision is 99 %.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.106-111
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• 2009

Tissue engineering is a research field for artificial substitutes to improve or replace biological functions. Scaffolds play a important role in tissue engineering. Scaffold porosity and pore size provide adequate space, nutrient transportation and cell penetration throughout the scaffold structure. Scaffold structure is directly related to fabrication methods. This review will introduce the current technique of 3D scaffold fabrication for tissue engineering. The conventional technique for scaffold fabrication includes salt leaching, gas foaming, fiber bonding, phase seperation, melt moulding, and freeze drying. These conventional scaffold fabrication has the limitations of cell penetration and interconnectivity. In this paper, we will present the solid freeform fabrication (SFF) such as stereolithography (SLA), selective laser sintering (SLS), and fused deposition modeling (FDM), and 3D printing (3DP).

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.77-81
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• 2020

In this paper, we create scaffold defect classification models using machine learning based data. We extract the characteristic from collected scaffold external images using USB camera. SVM, KNN, MLP algorithm of machine learning was using extracted features. Classification models of three type learned using train dataset. We created scaffold defect classification models using test dataset. We quantified the performance of defect classification models. We have confirmed that the SVM accuracy is 95%. So the best performance model is using SVM.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.817-829
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• 2014

One of the main issues in tissue engineering has been the development of a three-dimensional (3D) structure, which is a temporary template that provides the structural support and microenvironment necessary for cell growth and differentiation into the target tissue. In tissue engineering, various biomaterials and their processing techniques have been applied for the fabrication of 3D structures. In particular, 3D printing technology enables the fabrication of a complex inner/outer architecture using a computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system, and it has been widely applied to the fabrication of 3D structures for tissue engineering. Novel cell/organ printing techniques based on 3D printing have also been developed for the fabrication of a biomimetic structure with various cells and biomaterials. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the functional scaffold and cell-printed structures based on 3D printing technology and the application of this technology to various kinds of tissues regeneration.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.268-274
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• 2015

3D printing technology has been used in various fields such as materials science, manufacturing, education, and medical field. A number of research are underway to improve the 3D printing technology. Recently, the use of 3D printing technology for fabricating an artificial tissue, organ and bone through the laminating of cell and biocompatible material has been introduced and this could make the conformity with the desired shape or pattern for producing human entire organs for transplantation. This special printing technique is known as "3D Bio-Printing", which has potential in biomedical application including patient-customized organ out-put. In this paper, we describe the current 3D bio-printing technology, and bio-materials used in it and present it's practical applications.