• 농약과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.267-272
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• 2012

합성농약의 단점을 보완하기 위하여 무공해, 무독성의 환경 친화적인 농약이 요구되고 있다. 특히, 식물 유래 천연물이 각광받고 있으며 이러한 관점에서 선행 실험 결과 강한 항균활성을 나타낸 만형자(Vitex trifolia L.)로부터 항균활성물질을 분리하여 기기분석을 통해 화학구조를 결정하고, 항균활성 검정을 실시하였다. 만형자를 80% aqueous MeOH로 추출한 후 n-hexane, EtOAc, n-BuOH 및 $H_2O$ 등 4개의 층으로 분획하였다. 이들 분획물을 이용하여 2000 ppm 수준으로 6가지 식물병원균에 대해 in vivo 항균활성을 검정한 결과, n-hexane 분획물이 벼 도열병균에 대해 88%, EtOAc 분획물이 벼 도열병균에 대해 85%, 밀 붉은녹병에 대해 87%의 방제효과를 나타내었다. Silica gel column, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, preparative HPLC를 사용하여 단일 화합물로 분리한 다음, ESI-MS, $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR의 기기분석 결과를 해석하여 agnuside, chrysosplenol B, artemetin로 구조를 동정하였다. Chrysosplenol B는 만형자로부터 처음 분리되었다. 분리한 물질들의 in vitro 및 in vivo 항균활성에 대한 연구를 진행하고 있다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.267-273
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• 2002

Fructose 1,6-diphosphate(FDP), a glycolytic metabolite, is reported to ameliorate inflammation and inhibit the nitric oxide production in murine macrophages stimulated with endotoxin. It is also reported that FDP has cytoprotective effects against hypoxia or ischemia/reperfusion injury in brain and heart, and may play a protective role in ultraviolet B (UVB, 280~320 nm)-injured keratinocyte by attenuating prostaglandin (PG)-E$_2$production and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression, which are possibly through blocking the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Therefore FDP is considered to act as a potent antioxidant especially in the skin. We conducted the several safety tests (single-dose toxicity, primary skin irritation test, eye irritation test, skin sensitization test, phototoxicity test, photosenitization test and human patch test) to see if FDP is safe in case used for the skin application. Our data obtained hitherto suggest that FDP is very safe if applied to the skin.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.175-184
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• 2008

국내의 난방제 해충에 선택적으로 생물활성을 나타내는 균주를 선발하기 위하여 작물재배 지역의 토양으로부터 채취한 115개의 토양샘플 중 46개의 Bacillus thuringiensis 균주를 분리하였다. 이러한 B. thuringiensis균주를 사용하여 난방제 농업해충에 생물활성을 검정한 결과 배추좀나방(Plutella xylostella)에 CAB119을 포함한 35균주, 파밤나방(Spodoptera litura)에는 CAB128, CAB141균주가, 담배거세미나방(Spodoptera exigua)은 CAB133과 CAB159균주가 효과를 나타냈으며 CAB162균주는 3종류의 모든 해충에 높은 활성을 보였다. 분리된 B. thuringiensis CAB133 균주는 H serotype에 의한 혈청학적 동정과 SDS-PAGE를 통한 독소 단백질 패턴에서 B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (3abc)로 동정되었다. 담배거세미나방 2령 유충에 대한 활성검정의 결과 B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (3abc) CAB133, CAB162의 두 균주에 대한 $LD_{50}$ 값은 각각 0.089, $3.144{\mu}g/ml$로 높은 활성을 나타났다. 담배거세미나방의 령기에 따른 생물실험에서 CAB133 균주 $1.5{\times}10^6(cfu/ml)$에서 1령의 경우 3일, 2령은 5일에 100%의 사충율을 보였다. 담배거세미나방의 경우 B. thuringiensis를 섭식 후 먹기를 중단하여 성장이 멈추면서 $5{\times}7$일 후에 사망하였다. 그러므로 B. thuringiensis의 결정성독소단백질$(1.267{\mu}g/ml)$를 섭식하고 성장하지 못하는 담배거세미나방 유충의 무게는 대조군보다 5일후 약 30배정도 차이로 나타나서 사망하였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.24-29
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of urinary biomarkers, such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) and ${\beta}-2$ microglobulin (uB2MG), in early detection of urinary tract infection (UTI) in infants aged <3 months with fever. Methods: A total of 422 infants aged <3 months (male:female=267:155; mean age, 56.4 days), who were admitted for fever, were retrospectively included in this study. We compared uNGAL and uB2MG between the UTI and non-UTI groups at the time of admission. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC) of uNGAL and uB2MG for use in diagnosing UTI were assessed. Results: Among 422 patients, 102 (24.2%) were diagnosed with UTI. Levels of uNGAL were higher in the UTI group than in the non-UTI group (366.6 ng/mL vs. 26.9 ng/mL, P<0.001). Levels of uB2MG were not different between the 2 groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that uNGAL was an independent predictive factor for UTI (P=0.033). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 90.2%, 92.5%, and 91.9% for uNGAL, and 48.0%, 43.8%, and 44.8% for uB2MG, respectively. AUC of uNGAL was 0.942 and that of uB2MG was 0.407. Conclusion: Accuracy of uNGAL in the diagnosis of UTI is high in febrile infants aged <3 months. uNGAL can help in the early diagnosis and treatment of UTI in infants.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.267-272
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• 2002

This Paper deals with the short circuit tests of the three-Phase DC reactor type fault current limiter (FCL) in changing of turns ratio of transformers. The experiment of this paper is a preliminary step to develop the FCL's faculties for an application to high voltage transmission line. So, superconducting coil was made of Nb-Ti, low temperature superconductor, and the ratings of the power system of experimental circuit are 400V/7A class. A three-phase DC reactor type FCL consists of three transformers, six diodes, one superconducting coil and one cryostat. The important point of experimental analysis is transient period, the operating lagging time of circuit breaker. As the results of the experiment, the values are referred to the limitation rate about 77% and 90% when the turns ratio of transformer was 1:1 and 2:1 respectively.

• 생약학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.262-267
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• 2014

Royal jelly composes of many components, especially protein. Protein is a major factor which cause allergy. We focused on water soluble royal jelly (WSRJ) that was removed allergy - inducing protein. 10-hyroxy-2-decenoic acid content of WSRJ is 2.42 g/100 g, which is double compared to that of lypophilized RJ. To further access WSRJ as a cosmetic ingredient and potential external treatment for topical use, we investigated its ability to inhibit tyrosinase activity and melanin biosynthesis on melanogenesis in B16F1 melanoma cells. We found that WSRJ increased the cell viability in B16F1 melanoma cell and WSRJ (1~10 mg/ml) inhibited melanin synthesis in with 10 nM ${\alpha}$-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (${\alpha}$-MSH) for 48 h. WSRJ inhibited direct tyrosinase activity, which decreased melanin synthesis in ${\alpha}$-MSH stimulated B16F1 melanoma cells. Thease findings suggest that WSRJ induces the down regulation of melanogenesis by inhibiting tyrosinase activation.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.263-267
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• 2010

To characterize the biochemical properties of the PP2A regulatory B subunit, PPP2R5D, we analyzed its phosphorylation sites, stoichiometry and effect on holoenzyme activity. PPP2R5D was phosphorylated on Ser-53, Ser-68, Ser-81, and Ser-566 by protein kinase A, and mutations at all four of these sites abolished any significant phosphorylation in vitro. In HEK293 cells, however, the Ser-566 was the major phosphorylation site after PKA activation by forskolin, with marginal phosphorylation on Ser-81. Inhibitory tyrosine phosphorylation on Tyr-307 of the PP2A catalytic C subunit was decreased after forskolin treatment. Kinetic analysis showed that overall PP2A activity was increased with phosphorylation by PPP2R5D phosphorylation. The apparent Km was reduced from $11.25\;{\mu}M$ to $1.175\;{\mu}M$ with PPP2R5D phosphorylation, resulting in an increase in catalytic activity. These data suggest that PKA-mediated activation of PP2A is enabled by PPP2R5D phosphorylation, which modulates the affinity of the PP2A holoenzyme to its physiological substrates.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.267-272
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• 2011

This study was carried to investigate the antidiabetic metabolism effect of water extract $Cordyceps$ $Militalis$(C.M.) in Streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats. Diabetes were induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose of 42mg/kg,b.w. dissolved in citrate buffer. The water extract of C.M. was orally administrated once a day for 7 days at a dose of 500mg/kg,b.w(body weight). or 1,000mg/kg.b.w. The content serum glucose was significantly decreased in C.M. treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. The content of hepatic glycogen and activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH), glucokinase(GK) were significantly increased, but activity of glucose-6-phoshatase(G-6-Pase) was significantly decreased in C.M. treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. These results indicated that water extract of C.M. would have antidiabetic metabolism effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.267-272
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• 2011

${\beta}$-carotene hydroxylase는 carotenoids의 생합성 경로에서 astaxanthin 및 zeaxanthin 합성에 관여하는 주요 효소이다. Astaxanthin과 zeaxanthin은 비타민 A 전구체보다 항암효과가 더 높다고 보고되고 있다. 따라서 ${\beta}$-carotene hydroxylase 유전자(ChyB)를 토마토 잎에서 분리하고 binary 벡터에 클로닝 한 후 pIG121-ChyB-tom으로 명명하였다. 토마토 ChyB 유전자를 Agrobacterium-mediated infiltration 방법을 이용하여 생육 8주 된 담배 잎에 일시적 형질전환을 하였다. 감염 0, 1, 2, 3일 후 RT-PCR 한 결과 담배에서는 거의 발현되지 않았던 ${\beta}$-carotene hydroxylase 전사체가 감염 1일 후부터 증가하여 2일 후 최대 전사량을 보이고 3일 후부터 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 감염 후 0, 2, 3일째 담배 잎을 채취하여 항산화 효능을 측정한 결과, 감염 2일 후 1,1-diphenyl-pricryl hydrazyl(DPPH) radical 소거 활성이 대조구에 비해 약 30% 증가하는 것을 확인하였다. 이 연구결과를 통해 외래 유용 유전자를 원예작물에 형질전환하여 항산화 및 항암효과가 우수한 zeaxanthin 및 astaxanthin 등 oxy-carotenoids의 함유량을 증진시킨 새로운 기능성 토마토 및 다양한 원예작물의 신품종 개발에 이용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 천문학회지
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• 제29권spc1호
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• pp.321-322
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• 1996

Using the data on the occurrences of the Ho: and soft X-ray flares for the time interval of January 1, 1986-May :31, 1994, we have studied the middle term(30-300days) pericities of the solar flare production during the activity cycle 22. Power analysis of the time seies of daily H$\alpha$ flare index in the northern hemisphere shows prominent periodicities at 220, 120, 109, and 92 days(see Figures l(a) and l(b)), while in the southern hemisphere, those at 267, 213, 183, 167, and 107 days are apparent, though their peaks are not so distint as those in the northern hemisphere. Periodogram of daily soft X-ray flare index also reveal the periodicities at 279, 205, 164, 117, and 91 days in the northern hemisphere, and at 266, 220, 199, 162, 120, and 100 days in the southern hemisphere. Howeer, the 155-day periodicity reported for the earlier cycles, 19, 20, and 21, could not be confirmed in our analysis. to be submitted to Solar Physics; an extended abstract.