• ETRI Journal
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.769-778
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• 2007

This paper proposes a multiplication algorithm for $F_{p^m}$, which can be efficiently applied to many pairs of characteristic p and extension degree m except for the case that 8p divides m(p-1). It uses a special class of type- Gauss period normal bases. This algorithm has several advantages: it is easily parallelized; Frobenius mapping is easily carried out since its basis is a normal basis; its calculation cost is clearly given; and it is sufficiently practical and useful when parameters k and m are small.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.spc1
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• pp.452-460
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• 2005

Based on an introduced optimal trajectory planning method, this paper mainly deals with the accuracy analysis during the function approximation process of the optimal trajectory planning method. The basis functions are composed of Hermit polynomials and Fourier series to improve the approximation accuracy. Since the approximation accuracy is affected by the given orders of each basis function, the accuracy of the optimal solution is examined by changing the combinations of the orders of Hermit polynomials and Fourier series as the approximation basis functions. As a result, it is found that the proper approximation basis functions are the $5^{th}$ order Hermit polynomials and the $7^{th}-10^{th}$ order of Fourier series.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 1985

An interesting area of application which makes use of the unique features of the walsh series is that on non-linear stochastic problems. In particular, some success has been obtained in improving the efficiency of signal detection for those transducers which are essentially non-linear in operation. The set of harmonically-related nonorthogonal triangle waves is shown to form a basis apanning the same function space representable by fourier(trigonometric) series. A method for generating nonorthogonal bases for signal representation is presented tailor-made basis function can be used for specific purposes. Fundamental proofs of the basis properties of the representation are examined along with examples illustrating the techniques and computer simulation.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.2911-2916
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• 2014

The gas phase structures, energetics, and interconversion pathways of five lowest energy conformers of acetylcholine were examined employing the B3LYP, MP2, and CCSD(T) methods in conjunction with diverse basis sets including the correlation consistent aug-cc-pVDZ and aug-cc-pVTZ basis sets. It is found that use of adequate basis set containing proper polarization and diffuse functions capable of describing the floppy potential energy surface of acetylcholine is important in correctly predicting the relative stability of these conformers. The interconversion pathways and barrier heights between these conformers were elucidated by examining the potential energy surface for torsional motion, which also manifested the presence of chiral conformations of acetylcholine corresponding to the original conformations. On the basis of high level electronic energy calculations and thermal contribution analysis, four lowest energy conformers appear to be populated in the energy range of less than 1 kcal/mol at room temperature.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.127-134
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• 1998

It is proved [6] that there exists a basis of $L^\Gamma$ (the space of meromorphic vector fields on a Riemann surface, holomorphic away from two fixed points) represented by the vector fields which have the expected zero or pole order at the two points. In this paper, we carry out the same task for the quadratic differentials. More precisely, we compute a basis of $Q^\Gamma$ (the sapce of meromorphic quadratic differentials on a Riemann surface, holomorphic away from two fixed points). This basis consists of the quadratic differentials which have the expected zero or pole order at the two points. Furthermore, we show that $Q^\Gamma$ has a Lie algebra structure which is induced from the Krichever-Novikov algebra $L^\Gamma$.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 1997

This study aims to suggest CALS implementation strategies and policies for information-based management of small and medium companies in Korea. At the turning point from traditional document-based management to recent digital-based one, it is well known that implementation of CALS concept is crucial for advancing business management of small and medium enterprises In order to attack the aim, this paper critically analyzes the empirical difficulties and obstacles of the current information-based management of small and medium companies in Korea. On the basis of the above analysis, this paper suggests the strategic plans and policies of CALS implementation for small and medium enterprises in Korea as follows. First, government should provide the supporting policies and proper system so that the large enterprise can be linked with small and medium companies for sharing necessary information. Second, similar enterprises should be integrated on the basis of information and automation evaluation. Third, implementation strategies and plans should be advanced on the basis of the informationalized phases with respect to the technology level of small and medium enterprises. For more efficient CALS implementation, this paper also proposes the following subsidiary policies. First, it is substantially important to publicize the nation-wide spreading of CALS mind. Second, it is strongly recommended to educate and train CALS specialist on a consistant basis. Third, government should support the enterprises by providing sufficient fund for CALS implementation. Fourth, the ideal CALS implementation models for small and medium enterprises should be developed. Fifth, the consulting and training program for CALS implementation should be established through ECRC (Electronic Commerce Resource Center). My study was based upon the enterprises' responses to the questionaires I made

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

This paper is a continuation of the recent development on Hermite-based divergence free element method and deals with a non-isothermal fluid flow thru the buoyancy driven flow in a square enclosure with temperature difference across the two sides. The basis functions for the velocity field consist of the Hermite function and its curl while the basis functions for the temperature field consists of the Hermite function and its gradients. Hence, the number of degrees of freedom at a node becomes 6, which are the stream function, two velocities, the temperature and its x and y derivatives. This paper presents numerical results for Ra = 105, and compares with those from a stabilized finite element method developed by Illinca et al. (2000). The comparison has been done on 32 by 32 uniform elements and the degree of approximation of elements used for the stabilized finite element are linear (Deg. 1) and quadratic (Deg. 2). The numerical results from both methods show well agreements with those of De vahl Davi (1983).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1142-1149
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• 1996

This study was conducted to determine changes in th contents and composition of dietary fiber during the growth of soybean sprout. Soybean was soaked in water at $25^{\circ}C$ for 2hrs and cultivated at 2$0^{\circ}C$ for 7 days under dark condition. The soybean sprouts were divided into cotyledon and axis and sampled every 24hrs. The analysis methodlogies used were Van Soest's NDF, AOAC's ADF and lignin and Prosky's IDF, SDF, TDF. The weight of 100 sprouts increased gradually from 20.26g to 90.12g during the growth periods. The weight increased to 344.9% of the original weight. The germination rate was 100% after soaking at $25^{\circ}C$ for 2hrs. Root length increased gradualy from 0.6cm at 1st day to 17.2cm at 7th day. The crude ash and crude fat contents showed no significant change in the cotyledon and axis. The crude protein contents increased in the cotyledon and axis, whereas the total carbohydrate content didn't have general tendency. The insoluble dietary fiber(IDF), soluble dietary fiber(SDF) and total dietary fiber(TDF) contents of cotyledon were no significantly different from 20.01%, 1.45%, 21.46% at 1st day to 22.75%, 2.07%, 24.82% at 7th day on dry basis. In axis those contents increased from 23.19%, 1.97%, 25.16% at 1st day to 32.78%, 3.02%, 35.80% at 7th day, respectively. The neutral detergent fiber(NDF) contents of cotyledon and axis increased from 4.35% to 6.39% and from 6.44% to 26.60% respectively on dry basis. The acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents of cotyledon and axis increased from 2.84% to 4.91% and from 2.5% to 4.7%, but there were no significantly different in the hemicellulose and lignin contents on dry basis. The hemicellulose and lignin contents of axis increased with culture periods from 1.70% to 4.41% and from 0.20% to 2.11%, respectively. The cellulose contents increased from 4.54% to 20.35% on dry basis.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.13B no.1 s.104
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• pp.7-14
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• 2006

This paper presents an efficient face recognition method using both first moment of image and basis images. First moment which is a method for finding centroid of image, is applied to exclude the needless backgrounds in the face recognitions by shifting to the centroid of face image. Basis images which are the face features, are respectively extracted by principal component analysis(PCA) and fixed-point independent component analysis(FP-ICA). This is to improve the recognition performance by excluding the redundancy considering to second- and higher-order statistics of face image. The proposed methods has been applied to the problem for recognizing the 48 face images(12 persons*4 scenes) of 64*64 pixels. The 3 distances such as city-block, Euclidean, negative angle are used as measures when match the probe images to the nearest gallery images. The experimental results show that the proposed methods has a superior recognition performances(speed, rate) than conventional PCA and FP-ICA without preprocessing, the proposed FP-ICA has also better performance than the proposed PCA. The city-block has been relatively achieved more an accurate similarity than Euclidean or negative angle.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.3-11
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• 2011

Evaluation of cube roots in characteristic three finite fields is required for Tate (or modified Tate) pairing computation. The Hamming weights (the number of nonzero coefficients) in the polynomial representations of $x^{1/3}$ and $x^{2/3}$ determine the efficiency of cube roots computation, where $F_{3^m}$is represented as $F_3[x]/(f)$ and $f(x)=x^m+ax^k+b{\in}F_3[x]$ (a, $b{\in}F_3$) is an irreducible trinomial. O. Ahmadi et al. determined the Hamming weights of $x^{1/3}$ and $x^{2/3}$ for all irreducible trinomials. In this paper, we present formulas for cube roots in $F_{3^m}$ using the shifted polynomial basis(SPB). Moreover, we provide the suitable shifted polynomial basis bring no further modular reduction process.