• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.155-160
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pain recovery pattern according to the integrity and to analyze the factors affecting the progress and level of pain postoperatively. Materials and Methods: We examined 153 patients, who were treated with arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. 101 rotator cuff tears were full-thickness tear and 52 were partial tear. The mean follow up duration was 20 months (12~30 months). We evaluated the visual analogue scale, range of motion, ASES (American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons), and UCLA (University of California at Los Angeles) scores preoperatively and postoperatively. We analyzed the pain recovery pattern between partial and full thickness tear using Student T-test and the factors affecting the progress and level of postoperative pain using multiple regression analysis. Results: The change patterns of visual analogue scale after arthroscpoic repair were similar regardless of the tear integrity. The VAS showed a continuous decreasing pattern, but increased at first 3 weeks postoperatively and at 7 weeks postoperatively, and then, decreased thereafter. The average VAS was ${\leqq}2$ points by postoperative 3 months. The factor affecting the pain score at 3 months was related to the preoperative limitation in forward flexion ($r^2=0.377$, p=0.021). Conclusion: There was no differences of the pain recovery pattern according to the integrity, and the factor affecting the progress of postoperative pain was preoperative angle of forward elevation. So, the appropriate preoperative rehabilitation protocol that can improve motions of the shoulder joint would help to improve the level of postoperative pain and functional recovery.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.83-109
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• 2007

Client satisfaction has been getting more attention in the field of social work in Korea. However, there have been very few standardized tools to measure the construct. The purpose of this study is to develop the Korean version of the Client Satisfaction Inventory developed by McMurtry and Hudson. This study was conducted with a total of 259 clients of 6 social service agencies in Seoul metropolitan areas. Based upon the results of factor analysis, the Korean version of the Client Satisfaction Inventory(CSI-K) is considered a two-factor measure. The alpha coefficients of the subscales of the CSI-K are .964 and .885 which are considered very high. The subscales are significantly correlated with convergent variables and very weakly correlated with discriminant variables. It is suggested that scales more suitable for social work settings in Korean be developed.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.1 s.37
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• pp.52-59
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• 1999

연구목적 : 뇌졸중환자에 기능회복도의 측정을 위해 가장 신뢰도가 높은 MBI에 대해서 순수하게 뇌졸중환자의 운동기능평가만을 위해 고안된 MAS의 상관성을 각 기간별로 분석하여 MAS의 운동기능평가척도로서의 객관성에 대해 연구한다. 또 한편으로 경과시간에 따른 운동기능 회복도의 차이를 전체그룹과 사상그룹에서 평가한다. 연구방법 : 1998년 1월부터 1998년 6월까지 6개월에 걸쳐 상지대학교 한의과대학 부속한방병원 내과에 입원하여 뇌졸중으로 진단된 환자 중 의식과 언어상태가 명료한 32명을 대상으로 하였다. 입원직후 사상의학과에 의뢰하여 QSCCII 시스템에 의하여 체질진단을 받은 후 본원 운동기능평가실에서 입원직후, 입원 후 2주와 4주 등 3회에 걸쳐 Modified Barthel Index(MBI)와 Motor Assessment Scale(MAS)을 시행하였다. 각 환자에 대한 검사는 2명의 한방순환기내과 전문의와 전공의에 의해 환자에 대한 사전 정보 없이 이루어졌다. 연구결과 : 통계처리는 상관분석을 위해서는 Pearson correlation coefficient, 사상체질에 있어서 각 경과시간에 따른 점수변화는 Repeated ANOVA, 일반적특성 분석에는 Descriptive analysis가 사용되었고, 프로그램은 SPSS/PC+ 7.5 version을 사용하였다. 1. 뇌졸중 환자의 사상의학적인 분포는 태음인이 56.3%로 가장 많았고, 소양인이 28.1%, 소음인이 12.5%, 태양인이 3.1%이었으며, 연령별로는 50대가 32.6%로 가장 많았으며, 평균연령은 60.9세였다. 2. 경과시간에 따른 사상체질간의 MBI, MAS 평균점수변화는 MBI, MAS 모두 반복측정 분산분석 결과 입원당시와 2주 후, 입원당시와 4주 후에서 모두 P<0.001의 범위에서 통계학적으로 유의하게 증가하였고, 경과시간과 사상체질간의 교호작용은 없었다. 3. MBI, MAS 모두 각 항목과 기능별 분류군에서도 경과시간에 따른 평균점수의 변화는 P<0.001 범위에서 통계학적으로 유의하게 증가하여 한방치료의 효과가 있음을 보여주었다. 4. MBI와 MAS의 경과시간별 Pearson 상관성 분석결과 입원당시의 MBI와 입원당시의 MAS에서, 2주 후의 MBI와 입원당시, 2주 후, 4주 후의 MAS에서, 4주 후의 MBI와 입원당시, 2주, 4주 후의 MAS에서 모두 높은 상관성을 보여, 두 평가방법 간에는 상관성이 높다고 본다.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.52-58
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• 2001

Objectives: An Increased level of psychophysiologic arousal and diminished physiologic flexibility would be observed in patients with panic disorder compared with a normal control group. We investigated the differences of psychophysiologic response between patients with panic disorder and normal control to examine this hypothesis. Methods: Ten Korean patients with panic disorder who met the diagnostic criteria of DSM-IV were compared with 10 normal healthy subjects. In psychological assessment, levels of anxiety and depression were evaluated by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck's Depression Inventory and Hamilton Rating Scale For Anxiety and Depression. Heart rate, respiration rate, electrodermal response, and electromyographic activity were measured by biofeedback system (J & J I-330 model) to determine psychophysiologic responses on autonomic nervous system. Stressful tasks included mental arithmetic, video game, hyperventilation, and talking about a stressful event. Psychophysiologic responses were measured according to the following procedures : baseline(3 min)-mental arithmetic (3 min)-rest (3 min)-video game (3 min)-rest (3 min)-hyperventilation (3 min)-rest (3 min)-talking about a stressful event (3 min). Results: The baseline level of anxiety and depression, electrodermal response (p=.017), electromyographic activity (p=.047) and heart rate (p=.049) of patients with panic disorder were significantly higher than those of the normal subject group. In electrodermal response, patient group had significantly higher startle response than the control group during hyperventilation (p=.001). Startle and recovery responses of heart rate in the patient group were significantly lower than responses in the control group during mental arithmetic (p=.007, p=.002). In electrodermal response of the patient group, startle response was significantly higher than recovery response during mental arithmetic (p=.000) and video game task (p=.021). Recovery response was significantly higher than startle response in respiratory response during hyperventilation. Conclusion: The results showed that patients with panic disorder had higher autonomic arousal than the control group, but the physiologic flexibility was variable. We suggest that it is helpful for treatment of panic disorder to decrease the level of autonomic arousal and to recover the physiologic flexibility in certain stressful event.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.207-231
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• 2011

This study aims to identify constructs of cultural competency specifically relevant to the Korean society and to test its reliability and validity among human service workers. For the purpose of the study, authors conducted focus group interviews and conferences with human service workers to draw the concept of cultural competency. Further, this study conducted to two separate pilot tests with 20 social workers with practice experiences in order to clarify descriptions and relevance of scale items. Based on the literature review on the concept of cultural competency and analysis of focus group interviews, 40 items were initially constructed and then were reduced to a 32-item scale after two separate pilot studies. Meantime, suggestions made by an advisory group were also reflected in the scale development process. Finally, one hundred ninety four workers in social service agencies were recruited to evaluate the relevance of the scale items in a 5 point Likert scale. Through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, 4 main factors were identified: 1) competency to use culturally relevant skills, 2) cultural awareness and sensitivity, 3) cultural knowledge, and 4) efforts to overcome cultural differences. These factors were consistent with sub-concepts of cultural competency in other studies. Confirmatory factor analysis also showed that the model fitness was at the high level and convergent analysis with the similar scale also showed high correlations. Internal consistency also remained at a high level. Based on the results, implication for social work practice and education were discussed.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.99-111
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• 2007

In order to identify tactile sensibility factors of traditional silk fabrics and to provide prediction models for the sensibility factors by mechanical properties, seventeen different traditional silk fabrics were evaluated in terms of both tactile sensation and sensibility by using a modified magnitude estimation line scale Gongdan and Newttong with lower values for surface roughness(SMD), bending rigidity(B), and compression resilience(RC) were rated as softer, smoother, fluffier, and more pliable in tactile sensation than any other traditional silk fabrics whereas Nobangju haying higher B, SMD, and tensile resilience(RT) was touched as crisper, more rustling, and springier. Three different tactile sensibility factors including 'Feminine', 'Natural', and 'Casual' were obtained significantly by grouping fifteen different tactile sensibility descriptors. In the prediction models sensibility 'Feminine' was explained positively by SMD, which was supported by the fact that both Gongdan and Newtton were perceived as more feminine. Sensibility 'Natural' that was felt stronger as for Myoungju and Sa was predicted negatively by both fabric thickness(T) and RT. Finally, RC, elongation at maximum load (EM), and T predicted sensibility 'Casual' negatively, which results in its higher factor scores for Myoungju and Shantung, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.211-231
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• 2008

In phase 1 of the study, data for the construct and items of KESAS(The Korean Elderly's Successful Aging Scale) were collected by indepth interviews with a purposive sampling group of 25 elderly people and focus group interviews with four groups. Content analysis was applied to the data and from this analysis were emerged six key categories of successful aging. In phase 2 of the study, 78 items were collected from the data of 2 sets of interviews mentioned above. Through pilot test, preliminary 66 items are selected. In phase 3 of the study, 597 cases collected from the survey were divided randomly into 345 developmental samples and 252 validity samples. The items were examined exploratorily with the developmental samples and confirmatorily factor analysis with validity samples. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the hypothesized six-factor structure of KESAS, which finally resulted in consisting of 31 items. Six factors are as follows: 'autonomous life', 'self-completion orientation', 'positive life participation', 'satisfaction with one's offsprings', 'self-acceptance', 'other-acceptance'. Cronbach's alpha estimate and split-half estimates of the scale were .903 and .845, which confirms that the scale has reliability. This six-factor model exhibited a good fit on the basis of the overall fit measure criteria(TLI=.983, RMSEA=.057) aquired by using the confirmatory factor analysis. Moreover, KESAS was significantly related highly(r=.72) to the 'Quality of Life for the Korean Elderly'. This proved concurrent validity of the scale.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.269-277
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the recovery of sensation and the restoration of upper limb function according to transcranial direct current stimulation over the primary somatosensory cortex in patients with chronic stroke with sensory deficit. 20 patients with chronic stroke divided into 10 experimental groups and 10 control groups. Patients received transcranial direct current stimulations over the primary somatosensory cortex on the side of the stroke lesion, and The control group applied sham tDCS to the same location. Intervention was conducted 5 times a week, 20 minutes per session for a total of 2 weeks. Assessment was performed using the Erasmus MC modifications to the Nottingham Sensory Assessment(EmNSA), Semmes-Weinstein monofilament examination(SWME) for somatosensory, and Fugle-Meyer Assessment(FMA), Motor Activity Log(MAL), and accelerometer for upper extremity function. Assessment was conducted before and after the intervention. As a result of the study, the experimental group showed a significant improvement in the overall tactile sense, proprioception, cortical sense, and perception sensitivity than the control group, and showed a statistically significant difference in the usage amount of the upper limb. Based on the results of this study, it is thought that the possibility of effective clinical application of transcranial direct current stimulation for recovery of somatosensory and upper extremity function is thought to be increased.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.37-48
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• 2005

The evaluation methods of river naturalness were reviewed, and one of the best methods was applied to three sample rivers-Narinchun, Bokhachun, Anyangchun. As a result, Narinchun with well preserved state, Bokhachun with being to restoration stage from the damaged, Anyangchun with severe damaged state showed 2$^{nd}$ , 3$^{rd}$ and 4$^{th}$ Grade. The application result shows the method is reliable for evaluating the damaged habitat in river. The method was improved on the evaluation items to apply lager river systems. This suggested method have 14 evaluation items with two category-river shape and river environment and five different Grades for evaluation degree according to state of natural closeness. The every 2,000-3,000m along the river system is recommended as the interval of evaluation unit. According to calssification of evaluation items, this method can supply various information related to river environment and ecology such as ecological deformation and diversity, cross sectional structure and continuity of river shapes..

• Proceedings of the Korean Reliability Society Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.131-140
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• 2011

도로안전시설용 시선유도봉은 통상 도로에 설치되어 운전자의 시선을 유도하고 차선을 분리하는 용도로 사용된다. 이러한 시선유도봉은 주로 도로상에 설치되기 때문에 차량과 부딪히는 경우가 자주 발생하므로 제품의 내구성이 특히 요구된다. 종래의 시선유도봉에 대한 평가방법은 제품의 일부를 채취하여 재료의 기본 품질 성능만을 평가하였다. 그러나 현장의 도로관리를 담당하고 있는 수요기관에서는 빈번한 사고와 민원으로 인해 제품의 평가방법에 대한 문제 제기를 하였고, 완제품 상태로 신뢰성을 평가할 수 있는 방법 개발을 요구하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 시선유도봉의 주요 고장 요인이 되는 차량 충돌에 의한 재질 파손, 바퀴 압축에 의한 회복 불능, 제품 표면에 부착되는 반사시트의 박리 및 변색에 대한 고장 메커니즘 분석하고, 이러한 고장을 재현할 수 있는 신뢰성 평가법을 개발하고자 하였다. 주요 고장 메커니즘 분석을 위해 국내.외 평가 기준을 조사하였으며, 특히 미국 AASHTO's (American Association of State Highway and Transportaion Officials)의 NTPEP (National Transportation Products Evaluation Program)에서 수행하고 있는 내구성 평가 방법에 대한 사례 조사를 통해 국내 적용을 검토해 보았다. 또한 서울시설관리공단의 협조로 가장 주요한 고장의 요인으로 꼽히는 차량 충돌 시험을 올림픽대로 내 조각공원에서 실시하였다. 그 결과 시험실에서 고장을 재현할 수 있는 신뢰성 평가 장비 개발의 필요성이 부각되었으며, 차량 충돌과 바퀴 압축을 모사할 수 있는 신뢰성 평가 장비를 제작하였다. 시선유도봉의 신뢰성 평가는 기본적인 품질성능평가 이외에 신규로 개발된 충격시험(고온, 저온, 반사지)과 굴곡압축시험, 반사지와 재질의 내후성 시험을 실시하였다. 또한 국내 9개사(社) 10개 제품에 대한 신뢰성 비교평가를 실시한 결과, 제품의 내구성에 중요 척도가 되는 신뢰성 평가 기준을 설정할 수 있었고, 합리적인 제품의 가격 수준과 품질 수준에 대한 신뢰성 가이드를 제공할 수 있었다.