• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.135-143
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• 2018

Normally there is a one-time relationship between stakeholders in the construction projects. Thus, project participants are easily exposed to opportunistic behavior. According to the theory of transaction costs, a contract effectively influence the behavior of counter-party. The important role of contracts in limiting opponent opportunistic behavior has been academically acknowledged and studied in inter-firm relationships. The purpose of this study is to reveal the mediating effect of the contract on the power of the contractor in the contractor's behavior. Power is divided into mediated and non-mediated power. We surveyed construction companies' employees who have conducted construction projects. Based on the questionnaire response, we examined the influence of the Employer's power on the behavior of the contractor. Both non-mediated power and mediated power were significant for in-role and out-role behaviors. Both non-mediated power and mediated power were found to have a significant effect on the control and coordination function of contracts. The results show that the control function of the contract is significant for the in-role behavior and the extra-role behavior. Finally, the mediating effect of the contract function was significant only in the control function.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.385-406
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• 2009

The volume of trade between Korea and China has been growing significantly year by year since the diplomatic relations have been established in 1992. The economic and logistics cooperation between the two countries is crucial not only for the development of their economic relations but for promotion of value-added logistics. However there are still huge and serious impediments to logistics network and management between the two countries including bottlenecks in transport and customs procedures. The purpose of this study is to investigate how to promote value added logistics activities between Korea and Shandong Province of China. It is suggested the ways to increase VAL activities such as enhanced division of international labour within industries, provision of comprehensive logistics service and establishment of strategy for supply chain management between the two countries.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.35-42
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• 2019

This study was conducted to identify the determing factors of the success and constraints based on the perception of public officials preparing for the Fourth Industrial Revolution(4IR) and the collaboration among ministries. The analytic method performed an average value analysis based on the survey of public officials' awareness, and the results of the study are as follows. First, officials from nine ministries who are responsible for the 4IR recognized that they were regarded that the 4IR as a new opportunity, but if it failed to respond properly, there might be a crisis. Second, it recognizes the era of 4IR as the number one priority in big data, second in artificial intelligence and machine learning, and third in cloud computing technology. Third, they recognized that 'flexibility of the institutions' and 'recruitment of experts' were needed to prepare for the 4IR effectively.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.355-373
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• 2013

This research paper is to identify factors affecting the need for international cooperation in defense science and technology sector. This study set a new hypothesis based on the previous research in terms of the theory of transaction cost, knowledge-based and technology readiness level perspective. After setting a new hypothesis, the following facts were found. First, it showed that the greater the importance of defense technology also increases the need for international technology cooperation for its technology. Second, the relatively higher distance of technology comparing to the developed countries was the need for international technology cooperation to be bigger. Lastly, the relatively higher technology readiness level of technology showed the negative relationship with the need for international cooperation. This results showed that the international cooperation in defense science and technology was regarded as complementary to get their short knowledge. The results of these analyzes showed that the international defense cooperation should be push forward based on the level of technology comparing to the developed countries and the technology readiness level.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.69-86
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• 2012

Collaboration between teacher librarians and parents is one of the very important elements for school library management in characteristics of learning communities and expanding its' administration. These partnerships are necessary to relieve stress and risk conditions and improve ego-resilience of students. This study analyzed cases of student guidance within the partnerships between teacher librarians and parents and then inquired into formal or informal communication channels for their partnerships through written interview with 10 teacher librarians. The results of analyses teacher librarians have appreciated the necessity of collaboration with parents, and they have experienced student guidance, career guidance, reader's advisory and balancing acts between classroom teachers and parents. It turns out that reading programs with parents are formal communication channel rather than institutional committee such as School Library Council and Parents' Library-Assisting Volunteers and Parent Association and Training in the school library are informal communication channels. The teacher librarians also provide periodic reading events and training for parents and they utilize the School Homepage and Educational Newsletters as the main ways of public relation. In order to promote students' ego-resilience through their collaboration, parents should involve in School Library Council as an essential way for formal communication. And parents' role in school library management should be expanded from offering helping hands to activities to read book, library instruction, assisting teacher librarians in the Library-Assisted Instruction and production of teaching mediums.

• Journal of International Area Studies (JIAS)
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.129-154
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• 2010

In Post-soviet Space, particularly the Central Asian is a great turbulence region called the 'Eurasian Balkan', where diverse factors of conflict and dispute are existed. In Central Asia, a current regional security system is characterized by various multilateral cooperation relations among Central Asian nations and the world powers, such as NATO(PfP), OSCE, CIS, CSTO, CACO, SCO, CICA and so on. But nothing could obtain superiority as pan-regional security system. Unless internal problems and conflicts of the Central Asian nations be solved, security won't be assured in this region. Narrow-minded and blind realism will spread insecure region, make a lasting trouble spot in Eurasian continent. The purpose of this article is to explore significance for international relations of security system in the Central Asia. I examine general features of regional security environment formed after the Soviet Union's collapse, characteristics of multilateral cooperation related with Central Asian nations. Through consideration current situations I suggest prospects of security system in Central Asia.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.174-188
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• 2004

In the life environment changed with not only the quality and the price of the products but also the material abundance, it is the most crucial factor for the strategy of product sales to investigate consumer's sensibility and preference degree. In this perspective, it is necessary to design and merchandise the products in cope with each consumer's sensibility and needs as well as its functional aspects. In this paper, we propose the Fashion Design Recommender Agent System (FDRAS-pro) for textile design applying collaborative filtering personalization technique as one of the methods of material development centered on consumer's sensibility and preference. For a collaborative filtering system based on textile, Representative-Attribute Neighborhood is adopted to determine the number or neighbors that will be used for preferences estimation. Pearson's Correlation Coefficient is used to calculate similarity weights among users. We build a database founded on the sensibility adjectives to develop textile designs by extracting the representative sensibility adjectives from users' sensibility and preferences about textile designs. FDRAS-pro recommends textile designs to a customer who has a similar propensity about textile. To investigate the sensibility and emotion according to the effect of design factors, fertile designs were analyzed in terms of 9 design factors, such as, motif source, motif-background ratio, motif variation, motif interpretation, motif arrangement, motif articulation, hue contrast, value contrast, chroma contrast. Finally, we plan to conduct empirical applications to verify the adequacy and the validity of our system.

• Proceedings of the CALSEC Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.713-720
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• 1999

최근 조직간정보시스템의 연구는 조직간 전략적 협력을 형성함에 있어서 발생될 수 있는 잠재적 갈등의 위험 인지에 초점을 두고 있다. 기존 연구 대부분은 조직간의 위험발생에 있어서 경제적 관점의 위험에만 초점을 맞추고 있다. 이는 조직간 기술적 호환과 관련된 기술적 문제, 조직상호간의 활동, 서로 다른 문화ㆍ전략 차이간의 조정에 요구되는 사회정책적 문제는 고려하지 않고 있어서 조직간의 합리적이며 경제적인 협력적 동맹관계를 논의하는데는 충분치 않다. 따라서 조직간 협력적인 동맹관계를 다루기 위해서는 기존의 경제적 관점에 기술적 관점, 사회정책적 관점을 추가한 세가지 측면에 대한 고려가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 먼저 조직간 정보시스템의 개념적 특성을 살펴보고, 조직간의 상호의존성, 구조적 특성, 기술, 조정매카니즘 요소등에 의해 정보자원공유, 가치사슬망, 네트웍 형태의 세 가지 유형으로 구분하여 각 유형별에 대한 경제적, 기술적, 사회정책적 관점의 위험을 분석하고 위험을 최소화하기 위한 관리방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2013.06a
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• pp.182-184
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• 2013

가속되는 지구온난화로 인해 인류는 과거엔 경험해 보지 못한 북극항로 개척이라는 새로운 상황에 직면하게 되었다. 북극항로가 새로운 물류이동 루트로 떠오르면 지리적 이점으로 인해 우리나라는 큰 이득을 얻을 수 있으며 그 중심에 부산항이 있다. 글로벌 물류중심 국가로의 도약을 이루기 위해 북극해 관련 국가 전담조직 신설, 국가종합계획 및 전략 수립, 해양 플랜트 R&D 센터 건립, 관련 전문가 육성, 북극해 연안항로 개발, 해운서비스 비즈니스 모델 개발, 북극관련 해양관광 기반을 마련해야 한다. 또한, 국가간 군사협력기구 또는 협력체제를 구성, 통항 선박 보호 및 구조 문제의 해결이 요구된다. 이를 위해 다목적 함, 통항 위협요소를 실시간으로 파악하기 위한 극지 작전가능형 초계기 등의 전력과 운용 인력을 육성해야 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2010.06c
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• pp.122-125
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• 2010

사용자와 취향이 비슷한 사용자를 찾고, 이 유사 사용자가 선호한 아이템을 추천하는 협력적 필터링방식은 일반적으로 많이 사용되는 추천 방식이다. 하지만 협력적 필터링 방식은 어떤 상황적 요소도 고려하지 않아 모든 상황에서 동일한 추천 결과를 제시하게 된다. 반면, 상황을 고려한 추천 방식은 다른 상황에서 그 상황에 적합하다고 판단되는 추천 리스트를 보여주는 다양성을 가지지만 개인의 선호를 반영하지 못하는 한계를 가진다. 이에 협력적 필터링 방식과 상황에 따른 추천 방식을 함께 고려하려는 시도가 있다. 본 논문에서는 시간 상황에 따른 음악 추천 시, 전체 상황에서 가장 유사한 사용자를 찾고 이 유사 사용자의 현재 상황에서의 선호 아이템을 추천하는 모델을 제시하고 실험을 통하여 이 모델의 한계와 실용 가능한 상황을 제시한다.