• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.3 s.151
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• pp.396-406
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• 2006

This research explored perfume consumption behaviors and fragrance sensibility attitude according to perfume involvement level. Data were collected by surveying 241 female college students who are recognized as a core consumer group for perfume products in Korea. The collected data were analyzed through descriptive analysis, factor analysis, and t-test. In results, 241 respondents were classified into 2 groups with respect to perfume involvement. Group difference was found in some of consumption behaviors and fragrance sensibility attitude. Specifically, the high involvement group used more often and spent more money on perfume, than did the low involvement group. Also, people highly involved with perfume shopped more often in perfume specialty stores, considering smelling test as the more important information source than did people in the low involvement group. Young females most liked delightful and young sensibility of perfume fragrance while they disliked stimulating and strong fragrance. People in the high involvement group preferred sophisticated and modem feelings of perfume fragrance more than did people in the low involvement group. Based on results, product development and marketing implications were generated.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.614-625
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• 2013

The nostalgia marketing is active in various industrial areas. The nostalgic theme is emerging as a new trend in the film industry. This thesis attempts to investigate empirically the effect of nostalgia, the expectation and the evaluation on the intention to watch a movie. Nostalgia is a sentimental yearning for a former place or time. Expectation is classified into the utilitarian and the hedonic one; the evaluation into the subjective and the objective one. This thesis analyzed the effects of these five factors on the intention to watch a movie. The result shows that the older group felt more nostalgic than the younger; women more than men. Regarding the age, 10-20s are affected by the hedonic expectation, the subjective evaluation, and nostalgia, and over 30s are affected in order of the hedonic expectation and nostalgia. In terms of sex, men are affected most in order of the hedonic expectation, nostalgia and the subjective evaluation. Women are affected most in order of the hedonic expectation and the subjective evaluation. These results indicate that the marketing strategy needs to vary according to age and sex.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.77-88
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• 2018

In this study, we conducted an experiment with the 219 undergraduates to find out the controlling effects of the verbal anchoring (low, high, non) in the nostalgia ads and the consumers' responses according to the product types (emotional/rational). The results suggest the higher the standards of the effects of the verbal anchoring are, the more favorably the preferences to the ads and the purchasing intention are formed regardless of the existence of the nostalgia. The following reveals that the controlling effects of the verbal anchoring in the nostalgia ads have differences between the purchasing intention and the preferences to the ads as to both the nostalgia familiarity and the product types. In the preferences to the ads in case that the standards of the effects of the verbal anchoring are low, the differences between familiarity group and non familiarity one are not noticeable but in the purchasing intention the differences between the low case and non of the standards of the effects of the verbal anchoring are a little more noticeable.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.362-374
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of product quality and value of perfume on purchase intention, and, as an antecedent, an empirical analysis was conducted regarding the effect of image characteristics of a perfume on the quality and value of perfume perceived by consumers, in order to study consumer behaviors towards perfume as a product and find issues related to development and sales of perfumes. The result shows that refreshingness and modernity influence perceived quality and value of perfume, while stimulation and romantic quality did not have an effect. Also, the perceived quality and value had an effect on purchase intention, with the former being more influential than the latter. This study is meaningful in two aspects: First, it is an empirical study of consumers' quality perception based on image characteristics. Second, it verified through empirical analysis that perceived quality is more influential than perceived value on perfume purchase intention of consumers. These findings suggest that consumers today, unlike consumers in the past who purchased perfume based on the brand, focus on quality when choosing a perfume. This study can help perfume companies realize the importance of having consumers perceive good quality of the product rather than relying on brand power.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.29
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• pp.231-253
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• 2010

Xiang-xiu(向秀) tried to find compromise between naturalness(自然) and Confucian ethical code(名敎), the individual consciousness and the group consciousness in the Wei-Jin(魏晋) dynasty. He made his views on the human nature through the revealing of desire and morality of human. Xinag-xiu considered that the human nature comes from the ultimate principle of the nature(自然之理), so it's possible to provide reasonable basis to the meaning of the 'desire' and 'morality'. Furthermore, the 'desire' is regarded as the driving force of human life through the reasonable cognition, at the same time he insisted that we should control our passions by sociality and the social norm. So in the view of Xiang-xiu, the human nature has two characteristics, such as the principal of the driving force of human life and the control of the base desires and the negative desires. It could be confirmed by his opinions about the following human's nature and sticking to our last in the his Zhuangzizhu( 莊子注). Through the perspective of the human nature, Xiang-xiu emphasized the unification of the unaffected human nature and morality(sociality), the desire and the social norm.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.374-380
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• 2017

The quality characteristics of 'Xiangshui' pears (Pyrus ussuriensis) treated with different concentrations of biomass pyrolysis liquid (BPL) during storage at $25^{\circ}C$ were investigated. The weight of 'Xiangshui' pears treated with BPL declined at a slower rate than that of the control. The rot index of BPL-treated 'Xiangshui' pears decreased with increasing storage times, and treatment with 20-fold-diluted BPL resulted in the lowest rot index after storage for 12 days. The total acid content of 'Xiangshui' pears treated with 20-fold-diluted BPL was 0.19%, and was the highest after storage for 12 days. After storage for 12 days, the total sugar content of 'Xiangshui' pears treated with 20-fold-diluted BPL was 7.19%; this was significantly higher than that of the control, but not significantly different from that of pears treated with other BPL dilutions. The vitamin C content of 'Xiangshui' pears showed a decreased trend, and pears treated with 20-fold-diluted BPL had a vitamin C content of 2.21 mg/100 g after storage for 12 days and showed the least decline compared to other treatments. In addition, respiration in 'Xiangshui' pears was effectively inhibited by treatment with BPL. In conclusion, BPL treatment exerts a protective effect on the quality of 'Xiangshui' pears during storage, with 20-fold-diluted BPL being the most effective.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.559-572
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• 2010

Color, an important visual cue, can cross-modally affect odor association and odor quality identification Here, this research investigates aspects of the cross-modal associations between color and fragrance in greater depth, delving into the topic of whether the degree-of-association of fragrances with hue and tone of colors varies systematically. For 33 color stimuli (10 hues, 3 tones, and 3 achromatic colors), 67 subjects judged the degree-of-association of four typical fragrance families (fresh, floral, oriental, and woody) on a 7-point scale. The statistical analysis showed that fragrance associations of the all families had characteristic distributions across ten hues of the color stimuli. The cross-modal relationship between color tone (especially, lightness attribute) and fragrance association appeared to be dimensional (e.g. a positive linear relationship between the floral family and the lightness). More specifically, as colors became warmer and brighter, the associated floral scents were stronger, while the woody scents was less associated. Brighter or more vivid cool colors were associated with stronger fresh scents. These findings confirm the systematic existence of synthetic interactions between vision and olfaction in perfumery.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.665-672
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• 2012

This study was to identify the mediating effect of hope between acculturative stress and psychological wellbeing of women immigrants. The data for the study were collected from 609 women immigrants in 10 cities and provinces of Korea. First, the acculturative stress except for homesickness was lower than the middle point, and hope and positive wellbeing scored above the middle point. Second, acculturative stress was negatively correlated with hope and positive wellbeing. Third, the mediating effect of hope between acculturative stress and positive wellbeing was testified. Finally, the mediating effect of hope between acculturative stress and negative wellbeing was also testified.

• The Korean Publising Journal, Monthly
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• s.234
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• pp.12-12
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• 1998

절망의 시대에 희망의 부활은 절실하다. 그러나 그것이 역사적 부정성의 상징인 박정희를 구국의 영웅으로 미화하는 차원으로 나타내거나 그 시대에 대한 맹목적 향수로 소생하는 것이어서는 결코 안될 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Costume Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.37-46
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• 2004

'Fleeting fragrance: the history, preservation and display of perfumed clothes' Fragrance - like style - is one of the intangible aspects of costume history that we often wish had been preserved. Garments were perfumed both to impart a pleasurable impression and to mask disagreeable odors from use or from production processes such as tanning and dyeing. Expensive gloves were traditionally perfumed, as well as lace collars, silk stockings and shawls. Both historical and modern attempts have been made to create scents that please the wearer and attract the oppoiste sex, while (preferable) also repelling osquitoes and moths! Unintentional perfuming also occurred, which we sometimes may be lucky to find in our museum collections. How do we describe and identify the transient odors of museum objects, and at what cost can they be preserved and presented for the public? This lecture includes samples of reconstructed historical scents presented in costume exhibitions at the Royal Danish Collections.