• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.276-281
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• 1985

This study was conducted to examine the morphological, physical and chemical characteristics of the Song-jeong (residuum), Dae-gog (local colluvium-alluvium), Ji-san and Og-cheon (local-alluvium) series with fine loamy texture derived from fine granitic parent materials on the drainage catena. 1. These soils consist of a catena, and then a color sequence due to the influence of topography, water table and free iron content. 2. The poorer the drainage, the higher were the silt/clay ratio, soil reaction, organic matter, and available phosphate content in soils but the active iron content was lower.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.30 no.6_1
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• pp.583-590
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• 2012

This study proposes fusion image matching method according to land cover property to generate a detailed DEM using the high resolution IKONOS-2 stereo pair. A classified image, consists of building, crop-land, forest, road and shadow-water, is produced by color image with four bands. Edges and points are also extracted from panchromatic image. Matching is performed by the cross-correlation computing after five classes are automatically selected in a reference image. In each of building class, crop-land class, forest class and road class, matching was performed by the grid and edge, only grid, only grid, grid and point, respectively. Shadow-water class was excepted in the matching because this area causes excessive error of the DEM. As the results, edge line, building and residential area could be expressed more dense than DEM by the conventional method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.629-635
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• 2009

Collapses of cutting area have frequently occurred due to heavy rainfall caused by the recent unusual weather patterns. Collapses of cutting area have the most crucial influence on the damaged property and casualties. Therefore, formulating and preparing an effective measures and control system is urgent. For this reason, in this study, we researched formation investigation method of location-based cutting area for an efficient management of cutting area. We conducted comparative and analytic research on the hand GPS method and DGPS method which is GPS augmentation system, using SBAS signals. The results of the research showed that there was difficult in discerning the accurate shape of cutting area when the existing method was used; however, the detecting the shape of four sides and accurate location was possible when DGPS was used. Consequently, it is possible to establish a preventive measures for cutting area, which considers the condition of the surrounding environment of cutting area because the polygon based management of incision cliff is attainable, apart from the existing control point based approach.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.331-345
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• 2009

This study aims to standardize the work classification system in spatial data. Up to now, a systematic standard for constructing process and quality management has not yet been established in Korea, thus, it is possible for the national budget to be wasted. The regulations related to constructing spatial data are also obscure, and absurd for feasible application to reality, which results in a lack of reliability of the quality of spatial data. This study was conducted by investigating and analyzing regulations related to spatial data quality and various literature, including studies on spatial data quality conducted by the NGII. And also, the study was conducted by investigating and analyzing the constructing processes and working methods of major firms that have experience in constructing a GIS for a local governing body. Based on the analyzed data, we standardized work classification and management methodology for control point surveying using GPS, leveling, aerial photographing, digital mapping, topographic mapping, digital elevation modeling, aerial photographic DB construction, digital orthophotomap.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.75-84
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is that the low-cost mobile mapping system using INS (Inertial Navigation System) based on MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) could decipher the interpretation of road facility with the accuracy of x, y 0.546m plane error. Even though the MMS (Mobile Mapping System) technology as a new measurement technology has been used vividly to set up geographic information by some world leading surveying equipment manufacturers, the domestic technology is still in its beginning stage. Several domestic institutes and companies tried to catch up the leading technology but they just produced prototypes which needs more stabilization. Through this thesis, we developed low-cost mobile mapping system installed with INS based on MEMS after time synchronizing sensors for MMS such as LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging), CCD (Charge Coupled Device), GPS/INS (Global Positioning System / Inertial Navigation System) and DMI (Distance Measurement Instrument).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.391-399
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• 2020

Autonomous driving can be limited by only using sensors if the sensor is blocked by sudden changes in surrounding environments or large features such as heavy vehicles. In order to overcome the limitations, the precise road-map has been used additionally. In korea, the NGII (National Geographic Information Institute) produces and supplies high definition map for autonomous vehicles. Accordingly, in this study, errors occurring in the process of e data editing and dtructured esditing of high definition map are systematically typed providing by the National Geographic Information Institute. In addition, by presenting the error search process and solution for each situation, we conducted a study to quickly correct errors in high definition map, and largely classify the error items for shape integrity, spatial relationship, and reference relationship, and examine them in detail. The method was derived.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.305-315
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to compare algorithms of single photo resection, which determines the exterior orientation parameters used in fields such as photogrammetry, computer vision, robotics, etc. To this end, the algorithms were compared by generating experimental data by simulating terrain based on a camera used in aerial and close-range photogrammetry. Through experiments on aerial photographic camera that was taken almost vertically, it was possible to determine the exterior orientation parameters using three ground control points, but the Procrustes algorithm was sensitive to the configuration of the ground control points. Even in experiments with a close-range amateur camera where the attitude angles of the camera change significantly, the algorithm was sensitive to the configuration of the ground control points, and the other algorithms required at least six ground control points. Through experiments with two types of cameras, it was found that cosine lawbased spatial resection shows performance similar to that of a traditional photogrammetry algorithm because the number of iterations is short and no explicit initial values are required.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.145-151
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the annual variation in diameter growth of Quercus spp. and climatic factors such as monthly temperature, precipitation and solar radiation in central and northern Korea. Annual diameter growth was measured by using stem cores of 262 Quercus trees, and the correlation between the diameter growth and the climatic factors was analyzed. Mean diameter growth of Quercus spp. in Jungwangsan was larger than that in Woraksan, and mean diameter growth by the species was large in order of Q. serrata>Q. variablis>Q. mongolica>Q. dentata. The diameter growth pattern of Quercus spp. in Woraksan was different from that in Jungwangsan. Positive correlations between diameter growth of Quercus trees and temperature or the solar radiation during July were found in Jungwangsan. Significant correlations between diameter growth and solar radiation during March and precipitation during June were found in Woraksan. It is suggested that climatic factors similarly affect the diameter growth of Quercus spp. in a mountainous terrain, but influences of the climatic factors depend on other environmental conditions such as altitude, topography and soil depth.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.206-214
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• 2001

Cooling rate shows the highest as about 0.7$^{\circ}C$/hr on spring season and the lowest as about 0.3$^{\circ}C$/hr on september at plain place. The correlation coefficient between net radiation and cooling rate from sunrise to sunset was 0.63$^{**}$, It became higher to 0.90$^{**}$ when the wind speed decreased lower than 0.5 m/sec, and it decreased as the wind speed increased. On a clear and calm day, cooling rates were observed as 1.4$^{\circ}C$/hr on the plain (site 1, 2, 3), 1.2$^{\circ}C$/hr on the slope (site 4, 5) and 0.6$^{\circ}C$/hr on the top of mountain (site 6). In condition of the wind speed is 1.2~2 m/sec on a clear and calm day and the temperature on the top of mountain is lower than that of slope and plain, the temperature on the slope (site 4,5) was increased unlike our expectation.ion.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.129-140
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• 2012

In order to examine geomorphic characteristics such as form and retreat process of waterfalls in Jeju Island, 26 waterfalls were classified based upon materials forming a fall face. The waterfalls could be categorized into three types such as single unit, multiple units and basal soft-rock based upon the number and type of a lava flow. A block fall, composed of a pile of large blocks, could be added to the typology of waterfalls in Jeju Island. While the single unit fall is distributed in a region of trachyte or trachyandecite, the multiple units fall and basal soft-rock fall are largely developed in a region of basalt or trachybasalt. A retreat process of the single unit fall is an inclination or a replacement, but the basal soft-rock fall shows a parallel retreat. The multiple units fall exhibits three types of a retreat process according to the physical properties of a lava flow. The fall face is generally vertical due to well-developed vertical joints of a lava flow.