• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2007.02b
• /
• pp.7-14
• /
• 2007

디지털 컨버전스가 가속화됨에 따라 휴대폰의 기능은 나날이 복잡해져 가고 있으며, 이러한 경향은 사람들에게 자신에게 불필요한 기능까지 익혀야 하는 불편함을 초래하고 있다, 특히, 단순한 통화방식에 익숙하고 인지적으로 새로운 것을 유연하게 받아들이지 못하는 고령 사용자들에게도 이미 생활필수품이 된 휴대폰은 사용하는데 어렵고 불편한 부분이 많이 있다. 본 연구에서는 한국의 고령사용자들을 대상으로 휴대폰 사용에 있어 문맥적, 정성적 조사(Contextual & Qualitative research)기법을 적용하여 평소 그들이 일상생활에서 느끼는 휴대폰 관련 요구사항을 도출하고자 하였다. 조사는 세 단계로 이루어졌다. 먼저, 휴대폰을 사용 중인 60대 이상 고령사용자 83명을 대상으로 사용 현황 및 수준을 파악하고 적절한 사용자를 섭외하기 위한 설문을 진행하였으며, 둘째, 초보사용자 8명, 중급사용자 3명을 대상으로 휴대폰 사용 기록을 기반으로 하는 심층인터뷰를 진행하였으며, 초보사용자들을 대상으로는 문자메세지, 전화번호부, 카메라 폰 기능 교육 세션을 통한 행동 관찰법을 시행하였다. 마지막으로, 교육 세션 한달 후, 사용성 평가와 추가 인터뷰를 진행하였다. 이상과 같이 장기간에 걸친 사용자 조사를 통해, 고령사용자들의 휴대폰 사용에 있어 심리, 문화적 특이사항과 인터랙션 상의 불편요소들을 발견할 수 있었으며, 수집된 동영상 데이터를 분석하여 고령사용자의 휴대폰 관련 요구사항을 신체적 요인, 인지적요인, 심리적 요인의 세가지로 구분하여 제시하였다. 본 연구에서는 문맥적, 정성적 사용자 조사를 통해 고령사용자들의 일상생활에서의 휴대폰 관련 요구사항을 도출함으로써 풍부하고 실증적인 경험데이터를 수집할 수 있었다. 이와 같이 도출된 요구사항 데이터는 이후 고령사용자를 위한 유니버설 디자인 휴대폰 개발 전략수립과 UI 디자인 개발에 활용되었다. 뿐만 아니라, 이 연구는 휴대폰 사용 경험 연구에 적용할 수 있는 문맥적 조사기법 프로세스의 사례를 제시하고 있다는데 의의가 있다고 하겠다.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.187-197
• /
• 2000

This study was on the investigation of how to adapt Ethnography, main research methodology in Anthropology, to "User-Centered Design Research", which is a recently focused issue in design field. Thus, this paper has highlighted concrete application processes and methods which were adapted in the case study of developing a concept for the new microwave oven. This paper mainly consists of two parts. First, the basic concept of "Ethnography" is introduced based on secondary research, and the concept of "Culture" is defined as the favorable one to design field. This part was done for constructing knowledge basis which is needed in establishing thematicaJ framework of design research. Second, the application methods of Ethnography is demonstrated through the concrete case study of developing a new microwave oven. This second part was composed of three sub-sections, which are an introduction of conducting process of ethnographic deisgn research, a description of analyzed data of kitchen culture and various particularities of usage pattem of microwave oven, and finally, a discussion of the efficiency of ethnography through generating design implications for a new microwave oven. This demonstration of case study suggests the concrete idea of how to adapt ethnography to design research and will contribute to increase more effective ethnographic design research in the future.c design research in the future.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.49-66
• /
• 2018

Volcano hazard mapping became a focus of scientific inquiry in the 1960s. Dwight Crandell and Don Mullineaux pioneered the geologic history approach with the concept of the past is the key to the future, to hazard mapping. The 1978 publication of the Mount St. Helens hazards assessment and forecast of an eruption in the near future, followed by the large eruption in 1980 demonstrated the utility of volcano hazards assessments and triggered huge growth in this area of volcano science. Numerical models of hazardous processes began to be developed and used for identifying hazardous areas in 1980s and have proliferated since the late 1990s. Model outputs are most useful and accurate when they are constrained by geological knowledge of the volcano. Volcanic Hazard maps can be broadly categorized into those that portray long-term unconditional volcanic hazards-maps showing all areas with some degree of hazard and those that are developed during an unrest or eruption crisis and take into account current monitoring, observation, and forecast information.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.23-31
• /
• 2021

Defense M&S(Modeling & Simulation) requires weapon effectiveness index which indicates Ph(Probability of hit) and Pk(Probability of kill) values on various impact and environmental conditions. The index is usually produced by JMEM(Joint Munition Effectiveness Manual) development process, which calculates Pk based on the impact condition and circular error probable. This approach requires experts to manually adjust the index to consider the environmental factors such as terrain, atmosphere, and obstacles. To reduce expert's involvement, this paper proposes a meta-model based method to produce weapon effectiveness index. The method considers the effects of environmental factors during calculating a munition's trajectory by utilizing high-resolution weapon system models. Based on the result of Monte-Carlo simulation, logistic regression model and Gaussian Process Regression(GPR) model is respectively developed to predict Ph and Pk values of unobserved conditions. The suggested method will help M&S users to produce weapon effectiveness index more efficiently.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.37-45
• /
• 2010

Salt cementation, a typical naturally-cemented phenomenon, may occur due to water evaporation under the change of climate. Capillary force may influence the distribution of cement in granular soils. This study addresses the effect of capillary force on salt cementation using five different techniques: cone penetration test, electrical conductivity measurement, photographic imaging technique, nondestructive imaging technique, and process monitoring by elastic wave. Glass beads modeling a particulate media was mixed with salt water and then dried in an oven to create the cementation condition. Experimental results show that salt cementation highly concentrates at the top of the small particle size specimens and at the middle or the bottom of the large particle specimens. The predicted capillary heights are similar to the locations of high salt concentration in the cemented specimens. Five suggested methods show that the behavior of salt-cemented granular media heavily depends on the capillary force.

• Design Convergence Study
• /
• v.16 no.5
• /
• pp.177-190
• /
• 2017

This research aims to suggest a multimodal non-touch gesture interface design to improve the usability of 3D sculpting task. The task and procedure of design sculpting of users were analyzed across multiple circumstances from the physical sculpting to computer software. The optimal body posture, design process, work environment, gesture-task relationship, the combination of natural hand gesture and arm movement of designers were defined. The preliminary non-touch 3D S/W were also observed and natural gesture interaction, visual metaphor of UI and affordance for behavior guide were also designed. The prototype of gesture based 3D sculpting system were developed for validation of intuitiveness and learnability in comparison to the current S/W. The suggested gestures were proved with higher performance as a result in terms of understandability, memorability and error rate. Result of the research showed that the gesture interface design for productivity system should reflect the natural experience of users in previous work domain and provide appropriate visual - behavioral metaphor.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.9 no.spc3
• /
• pp.187-196
• /
• 2006

This study has showed verified results on 'Survey into Observer Preference for Table Decoration for Eating and Drinking'. It is a preliminary study to look into interrelation of preference to color tables, image adjectives, aesthetic value, by giving color changes in a certain regularity to each influential factor in functional table decoration. The result has demonstrated that, as for color image and preference,'observers prefers mid/low dark-toned brown which gives a feeling of 'high-quality, and like to eat', and orange tone with a fooling of 'warm and colorful'. In evaluating interrelation between preference and aesthetic value, the study has revealed that ordinary people take the influential factor of 'unity and Gestalt' seriously, while non-professionals preferred 'uniqueness'. Stimulant No. 7 is one of constituent factors of functional table decoration, eliciting significance of images on colors ant aesthetic value. This study also has practical problems about insufficiency or inadequateness in producing mood suitable to T P O, according to depending upon color changes in picking up stimulants, or other problems in selecting stimulants, according to time, seasons and generational parameter in which the inquiry is conducted, but it will serve as a stepping stone for developing new design using both qualitative and quantitative data in 려nctional table decoration.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
• /
• v.15B no.2
• /
• pp.137-146
• /
• 2008

Fault localization plays a significant role in enormous distributed system because it can identify root cause of observed faults automatically, supporting self-managing which remains an open topic in managing and controlling complex distributed systems to improve system reliability. Although many Artificial Intelligent techniques have been introduced in support of fault localization in recent research especially in increasing complex ubiquitous environment, the provided functions such as diagnosis and prediction are limited. In this paper, we propose fault localization for self-managing in performance evaluation in order to improve system reliability via learning and analyzing real-time streams of system performance events. We use probabilistic reasoning functions based on the basic Bayes' rule to provide effective mechanism for managing and evaluating system performance parameters automatically, and hence the system reliability is improved. Moreover, due to large number of considered factors in diverse and complex fault reasoning domains, we develop an efficient method which extracts relevant parameters having high relationships with observing problems and ranks them orderly. The selected node ordering lists will be used in network modeling, and hence improving learning efficiency. Using the approach enables us to diagnose the most probable causal factor with responsibility for the underlying performance problems and predict system situation to avoid potential abnormities via posting treatments or pretreatments respectively. The experimental application of system performance analysis by using the proposed approach and various estimations on efficiency and accuracy show that the availability of the proposed approach in performance evaluation domain is optimistic.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.144-179
• /
• 2010

Investigation into iron manufacture relics has been active since 1970s, especially accelerated in 1990s across the country. Consideration of the importance of production site relics has lately attracted attention to iron manufacture relics. Methodological studies of the investigation into iron manufacture relics, however, were less made compared with those of the investigation into tomb, dwelling, or swampy place relics. It is because the process of iron manufacture is too complicated to understand and also requires professional knowledge of metal engineering. With the recognition of these problems this research is to form an opinion about how to excavate, to rearrange and classify, and to examine iron manufacture relics, based upon the understanding of the nature of iron, iron production process, and metal engineering features of related relics like slag, iron lumps and so on. This research classifies iron manufacture relics into seven types according to the production process; mining, smelting, refining, tempering, melting, steelmaking, and the others. Then it arranges methods to survey in each stage of field study, trial digging, and excavation. It also explains how to classify and examine excavated relics, what field of natural science to be used to know the features of relics, and what efforts have been made to reconstruct a furnace and what their problems were, making the best use of examples, drawings, and photos. It comes to the conclusion, in spite of the lack of in-depth discussion on application and development of various investigation methods, that iron manufacture relics can be classified according to the production process, that natural sciences should be applied to get comprehensive understanding of relics as well as archeological knowledge, and that efforts to reconstruct a furnace should be continued from the aspect of experimental archeology.

• Information Systems Review
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.141-163
• /
• 2011

The advancement of information technologies including the Internet has affected the way of social information processing as well as brought about the paradigm shift to the information society. Accordingly, it is very important to study the process of social information processing over the digital media through which social information is generated, distributed, and led to social consensus. In this study, we analyze the mechanism of social information processing, identify a process model of social consensus and institutionalization of the results, and finally propose a set of information processing characteristics on the internet media. We deploy the ethnographic approach to analyze the meaning of group behavior in the context of society to analyze two major events which happened in Korean society. The formation process of social consensus is found to consist of 5 steps: suggestion of social issues, selective reflection on public opinion, acceptance of the issues and diffusion, social consensus, and institutionalization and feedback. The key characteristics of information processing in the Internet is grouped into proactive response to an event, the changes in the role of opinion leader, the flexibility of proposal and analysis, greater scalability, relevance to consensus making, institutionalization and interaction. This study contributes to the literature by proposing a process model of social information processing which can be used as the basis for analyzing the social consensus making process from the social network perspective. In addition, this study suggests a new perspective where the utility of the Internet media can be understood from the social information processing so that other disciplines including politics, communications, and management can improve the decision making performance in utilizing the Internet media.