• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.573-583
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• 2021

Energy requirement is defined as energy expenditure in an energy equilibrium state. The doubly labeled water (DLW) method is considered the gold standard for measuring total energy expenditure (TEE). In 2002, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the National Academies established dietary reference intakes (DRIs) for Americans and Canadians, and the equations for estimated energy requirement (EER) were developed by using pooled data from studies that had applied the DLW method. Since 2005, these equations have been used for establishing EER in the DRI for Koreans. These equations based on age group include the physical activity (PA) coefficient determined by the PA level (PAL; sedentary, low active, active and very active) as well as body weight and height. The PAL values of Koreans calculated using the DLW method and PA diaries were determined to fall in the low active category (1.40~1.59). Therefore, the PA coefficient corresponding to 'low active' was applied to the EER equations. In recent years, with increasing number of people regularly engaging in various physical activities in Korea, EER is now separately presented for people with 'active' and 'very active' PALs. In the future, like the United States and Japan, Korea needs to expand the DLW research for developing EER predictive equations for Koreans. In addition, standardized guidelines should be prepared to accurately evaluate the PAL using the physical activity diary and the new PA classification table for Koreans.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.492-501
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• 2021

This study was undertaken to identify the perception and sexual attitude of nursing students and obstetrics and pediatric nurses towards unwed mothers, and to identify differences in the general characteristics. Data were collected as a self-reported questionnaire survey from September, 2018 to January, 2019. Subjects included 94 nursing students enrolled at 2 nursing colleges, and 101 nurses of 8 hospitals located in the B & C Metropolitan. The data collected was analyzed by descriptive statistics, frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations, independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA. Comparing results obtained from nursing students and nurses revealed a statistically significant difference in their overall perception of an unwed mother and sexual attitude. The perception of an unwed mother showed significant differences considering the grade, age and sibling status of nursing students, whereas nurses revealed significantly different perceptions according to their age, occupational position, clinical career, career of current work department, marital status, and children status. Sexual attitude was significantly different for nursing students according to their experience contact with unwed mother, whereas perception of nurses differed significantly for sexual attitude according to experience contact with unwed mother, types of hospital, and marital status. We propose that data obtained from this research can be used as basic data for research and education related to the perception of unwed mothers and sexual attitude of nursing students and nurses.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.50-62
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• 2004

Tuber yield and content of general component and diosgenin which is a main bioactive property were investigated in order to determine the growth characteristics of round typed yam(Dioscorea opposita L.) and the potential of artificial culture at Suwon, Korea. Tubers of round yam was initiated to form at 60 days after planting and then enlargement of tubers lasted by 160 days after planting. Compared to short typed yam(108g), tuber weight of round yam was higher(127g) on the basis of dry weight at 200 days after planting. In comparison of general component between round yam and short yam, protein of round yam(3.62%) was higher than short yam(2.10%). Water content in round yam(64.5%) was lower in short yam(79.4%), indicating a higher dry weight ratio of round yam. Hardness of round yam was 2787.6 while short yam showed about two times higher hardness(4946.9). Lightness was higher in round yam(77.4). In tuber extracts analysis, diosgenin content was respectively 3.32% in round yam and 2.61% in short yam.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.25-45
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• 2022

This study was to develop KORMARC-bibliographic format reflecting cataloging trends after LRM using literature review, analysis of MARC 21 discussion papers, and comparison of the fields in MARC 21 and KORMARC. The acceptance and consideration of fields and sub-fields that need to be revised in KORMARC are as follows. First, in terms of LRM / RDA, fields 381 or 387 for the representative expression, field 881 and the change and addition of its sub-fields for the manifestation statement, and data provenance code to ▾7 sub-field for date provenance may be considered. Second, in terms of Linked Data, ▾1 sub-field for RWO, and field 758 for related work identifier can be added. Third, for the data exchange of KORMARC and BIBFRAME, it should be developed in consideration of mapping with BIBFRAME classes and attributes in KORMARC. Fourth, additional fields such as 251 version information, 334 mode of issuance, 335 expansion plan, 341 accessibility content, 348 format of notated music, 353 supplementary content characteristics, 532 accessibility note, 370 associated place, 385 audience characteristics, 386 creator/contributor characteristics, 388 time period of creation, 688 subject added entry-type of entity unspecified, 884 description conversion information, 885 matching information could be developed. This study will be used to revise KORMARC-bibliographic format and to build and utilize bibliographic data in domestic libraries.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2022

A survey was conducted to investigate the conditions of meal management and the use of thickening agents for dysphagia in long-term institutions and welfare centers in Korea. The online questionnaire for the survey comprised six questions on the general characteristics of subjects, 16 on meal management, 10 on dietitians' knowledge, and 30 on dietitians' perceived performance and importance of meal management for dysphagia. The complete data from 268 questionnaires were analyzed, and Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) was conducted. The results of the survey indicated frequent, "difficulties due to no specific guidance on managing dysphagia meal," "lack of caregiver understanding of the importance of dysphagia meal," "lack of opportunity and time for meal education/counseling," "difficulties with management due to dietitians' lack of experience and awareness of dysphagia," and "limited understanding of cooking staff in preparing dysphagia meal." Importantly, these five parts were categorized in the low-priority region in an IPA of the performance.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.149-154
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• 2006

A gas chromatography-mass spectrometric method was developed for the determination of formaldehyde in urine and saliva. In a 20 mL glass tube, 0.2 mL of urine or saliva was taken. Further, 1.8 mL of 0.1 M HCl, 0.1 mL of 2,000 mg/L 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine and $20{\mu}l$ of 500 mg/L acetone-$d_6$ as internal standard were added in the tube and sealed tightly with cap. The solution was shaken for 20 min at room temperature and extracted using 4 mL of toluene. The extract was concentrated and redissolved with $100{\mu}l$ of acetonitrile, and then measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (selected ion monitoring). The detection limit was 2.0 ng/mL and 0.5 ng/mL in saliva and urine, respectively. The calibration curves showed good linearity with r = 0.997 and 0.998 for saliva and urine, respectively. The method was used to analyze formaldehyde in rat urine after oral exposure. The developed method may be use ful to the monitoring for formaldehyde exposure in human.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.521-528
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of perceived stress, self-efficacy, interpersonal relationship of college life adaptation in college students. Data were collected from 2,956 college students in B city and analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression using SPSS/WIN 22.0. The degree of suicide ideation in nursing students was 3.33±5.28. There were significant differences in college life adaptation with department(F=9.932, p<.001), number of friend(F=5.681, p<.001), close professor (t=-3.739, p<.001), There was negative correlation between college life adaptation and perceived stress(r=-.543, p<.001), positive correlation between college life adaptation and self-efficacy(r=.667, p<.001), interpersonal relationship(r=.679, p<.001). The factors affecting college life adaptation of the study subjects were perceived stress(β=-.191, p<.001), self-efficacy(β=.280, p<.001), interpersonal relationship(β=.394, p<.001), with an explanatory power of 56.7%. Through the result of this study, it is necessary to development education and program that to improve college life adaptation in college students.

• 한국노년학
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.323-334
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• 2007

This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed to investigate the relationship among attitude toward DNR orders, depression, and self-esteem in the elderly. Method: The participants of this study were 99 elderly individuals who were hospitalized in four university hospitals in Seoul and Kangwon-do from October 1, 2006 to October 21, 2006. The data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Results: The mean scores were 3.99 for attitude toward DNR orders(range of 1-5), 6.64 for depression(range of 1-15), and 26.83 for self-esteem(range of 10-40). Self-esteem was significantly correlated with attitude toward DNR orders(r=.200, p=.047). About half of the participants(49.5%) responded that the proper time for obtaining DNR consent was when they were healthy and could express their own intentions and make the decision by themselves. Most of the participants showed a positive attitude toward DNR orders. The participants preferred to make the DNR decision when they were healthy. Therefore, health care providers working with the elderly should try to discuss the DNR decision with their patients when they are conscious and able to make the DNR decision by themselves rather than leaving the decisions up to the patient's family members

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.347-357
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• 2022

This study was attempted to identify the health-related quality of life of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients and factors influencing the quality of life, focusing on Health-related quality of life with 8 items (HINT-8). The subjects of this study were 451 adults aged 40 years or older who performed lung function tests and whose ratio is less than 0.7 by measuring forced respiratory volume in 1 second [FEV₁] to forced vital capacity in the 2019 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, It was analyzed using SAS program. As a result, both the HINT-8 index and EuroQol five-dimensions 3-level version (EQ-5D-3L) index were appropriate as tools to measure the health-related quality of life in COPD patients, and the factors affecting the health-related quality of life were age, gender, income, and smoking status, comorbidities, stress, and subjective health status. Therefore, in order to improve the health-related quality of life of COPD patients, an individualized management program suitable for the characteristics of subjects such as the low-income class and the elderly, including smoking cessation education and stress management, should be developed and applied.

• 한국노년학
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.231-240
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• 2019

The study aimed to identify risk factors for falls as well as hospitalization status according to disease and demographic characteristics of demented inpatients by investigating the in-depth Injury Patient Surveillance System data collected by Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(KCDC). Older adults over 60 years old who were diagnosed with dementia were included(n=1,732). Their data were analyzed after being assigned to either a fall group or a non-fall group. STATA was used for statistical analyses, such as frequency analysis, chi-square (χ²) test, and logistics regression. It was found that 8.0% of the demented inpatients experienced falls. According to the analysis on category of fall and non-fall group were statistically significant difference in age and Charlson Comorbidity Index(CCI) and bone density deficiency. Based on the logistic regression analysis of factors affecting falls, older adults over 80 are 2.386 times more likely to fall and based on a target with a CCI of 0, the risk of falls is 0.421 times lower, finally based on those without bone density disorder, the fall risk for those with bone density disorder was 3.581 times higher. Therefore, we expect that the important about the factors relating to falls identified in this can not only be found valuable for educating inpatients with dementia and care-givers, but also be used as reference that supports clinical professionals to make decisions on falls management for patients with dementia.