• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.191-197
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• 2013

Conventional CT and MRI scans produce cross-section slices of body that are viewed sequentially by radiologists who must imagine or extrapolate from these views what the 3 dimensional anatomy should be. By using sophisticated algorithm and high performance computing, these cross-sections may be rendered as direct 3D representations of human anatomy. The 2D medical image analysis forced to use time-consuming, subjective, error-prone manual techniques, such as slice tracing and region painting, for extracting regions of interest. To overcome the drawbacks of 2D medical image analysis, combining with medical image processing, 3D visualization is essential for extracting anatomical structures and making measurements. We used the gray-level thresholding, region growing, contour following, deformable model to segment human organ and used the feature vectors from texture analysis to detect harmful cancer. We used the perspective projection and marching cube algorithm to render the surface from volumetric MR and CT image data. The 3D visualization of human anatomy and segmented human organ provides valuable benefits for radiation treatment planning, surgical planning, surgery simulation, image guided surgery and interventional imaging applications.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.768-776
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• 2006

Given an unstructured point set, we use an MLS (melting least-squares) approximation to estimate the local curvatures and their derivatives at a point by means of an approximation surface Then, we compute neighbor information using a Delaunay tessellation. feature points can then be detected as zero-crossings, and connected using curvature directions. Also this approach has a fast computation time than previous methods, which based on triangle meshes. We demonstrate our method on several large point-sampled models, rendered by point-splatting, on which the feature lines are rendered with line width determined from curvatures.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.500-506
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• 2007

얼굴에 대한 시각적 인지는 오랫동안 인간에게 중요한 문제로 인식되어 왔다. 수 세기 동안 이루어져 왔던 미용 화장과 성형, 치아 교정 등의 다양한 연구는 사람의 얼굴을 감성적 측면에서 어떻게 하면 아름답게 만들 수 있는 가에 초점을 두었다. 본 논문에서는 휴먼 입출력 인터페이스로서 햅틱 장치와 스테레오 디스플레이를 혼합한 다중 감각 인터랙션 기반의 감성적인 3차원 얼굴 메이크업 시뮬레이션 프레임워크를 개발한다. 본 연구는 3차원 스캐너 장비로부터 사용자의 얼굴 모델을 추출하고, 그 데이터를 이용하여 자연스럽고 직관적인 얼굴 메이크업 시뮬레이션을 수행하는 것을 목표로 하고 있다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 surface elements 표현 기반의 3차원 얼굴 필터링 방법과 얼굴 메이크업을 지원하는 페인팅 방법을 개발한다. 우선 사용자의 얼굴 모델을 3차원 스캐너로 획득한 후, 전처리 얼굴 필터링을 수행하여 조명, 그리고 사용자 얼굴 피부 상태에 기인하는 에러 및 속성들을 보정하고 피부 톤을 사용자가 선호하는 색으로 변경한다. 최종적으로 사용자는 햅틱 및 스테레오 디스플레이 장치를 이용하여 두 개의 레이어로 구성된 페인팅 표면 모델에 메이크업을 수행한다. 본 연구에서 적용한 surface elements 표현 기반의 그래픽 렌더링은 일반적인 메쉬 기반 페인팅의 문제점인 텍스쳐 왜곡 현상을 완화하고, 3차원 스캐너 장치에 기인하는 표면 에러를 보정한다. 그리고 전처리 얼굴 필터링과 메이크업 페인팅 방법은 사용자 중심의 감성적인 3차원 얼굴을 재구성하도록 한다. 결과적으로 본 연구에서 개발한 이러한 기술들이 다중 감각 인터페이스 기반의 메이크업 시뮬레이터의 기본 프레임워크가 되어, 차후 메이크업이나 코디네이션 분야 등의 디지털 콘텐츠 산업에서 활용될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.14A no.7
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• pp.421-434
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• 2007

Among many other CG generated natural scenes, the representation of ocean surfaces is one of the most complicated and time-consuming problem because of its large extent and complex surface movement. We present a hybrid method to represent and animate unbound deep-water ocean surfaces by utilizing graphics processor as both simulation and rendering core. Our technique is mainly based on spectral approaches that generate a high-detailed height field using Fourier transform on a 2D regular grid. Additionally, we incorporate Gerstner model and generate low-detailed height field on a 2D projected grid in order to represent large waves and main structure of ocean surface. There is no interruption between CPU and GPU, and no need to transfer simulation results from the system memory to graphics hardware because the entire simulation and rending processes are done on graphics processor. As a result we can synthesize and render realistic water surfaces in real-time. Proposed techniques are readily adoptable to real-time applications such as computer games that have heavy work load on CPU but still demand plausible natural scenes.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.106-115
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• 2011

In this paper, we evaluate the effectiveness of previous shading algorithms in depicting shape of 3d objects. We perform a study in which people are shown an image of one of ten 3D objects shaded with one of eight styles and asked to orient a gauge to coincide with the surface normal at many positions on the object's surface. The normal estimates are compared with each other and with ground truth data provided by a registered 3D surface model to analyze accuracy and precision. Our experiments suggest that people interpret certain shape differently depending on shading of 3d object. This paper offers substantial evidence that current computer graphics shading algorithms can effectively depict shape of 3d objects where the algorithms have the properties of lots of tone steps and uniformly distributed tone steps. This type of analysis can guide the future development of new CG shading algorithms in computer graphics for the purpose of shape perception.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2006

This paper presents an image-space algorithm to real-time collision detection, which is run completely by GPU. For a single object or for multiple objects with no collision, the front and back faces appear alternately along the view direction. However, such alternation is violated when objects collide. Based on these observations, the algorithm propose the depth peeling method which renders the minimal surface of objects, not whole surface, to find colliding. The Depth peeling method utilizes the state-of-the-art functionalities of GPU such as framebuffer object, vertexbuffer object, and occlusion query. Combining these functions, multi-pass rendering and context switch can be done with low overhead. Therefore proposed approach has less rendering times and rendering overhead than previous image-space collision detection. The algorithm can handle deformable objects and complex objects, and its precision is governed by the resolution of the render-target-texture. The experimental results show the feasibility of GPU-based collision detection and its performance gain in real-time applications such as 3D games.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.53-62
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• 2007

Although radiosity can represent diffuse reflections of the object surfaces by modeling energy exchange in 3D space, there are some restrictions for real-time applications because of its computation loads. Therefore, GPU(Graphics Processing Unit) based radiosity algorithms have been presented actively to improve its rendering performance. We implement the progressive refinement radiosity on GPU by G. Coombe in 3D scene that is constructed with HDR(High Dynamic Range) radiance map. This radiosity method can generate a photo-realistic rendering image in 3D space, where the synthetic objects were illuminated by the environmental light sources. In the simulation results, the rendering performance is analyzed according to the resolution of the texel in the environmental map and mipmaping. In addition, we compare the rendering results by our method with those by the incremental radiosity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.426-429
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• 2011

광범위한 지형을 배경으로 하는 게임과 같은 실시간 시뮬레이션 시스템에서 사실적 표현을 높이는 중요한 요소 중 하나가 나무와 같은 자연물 표현이다. 하지만 시스템에 적합한 나무 모델을 매번 새롭게 제작하고 표현하는 일은 다소 어려움이 따른다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 실시간 시스템에 적합한 다양하고 사실적인 나무를 모델링하는 방법을 설계한다. 이는 프랙탈 기반의 재귀적 계층 구조를 바탕으로 가지 성장의 자기조직화 처리를 결합하여 나무 성장 과정을 단순화시킴으로써 실시간 시스템에서 직관적이고 효율적으로 활용가능하게 한다. 또한 다양한 나무 모델을 자연스럽게 생성할 수 있도록 인터렉티브 제어 요소를 정의함은 물론 실시간 시스템 내 많은 수의 복잡한 나무 모델을 효율적으로 렌더링하기 위한 GPU를 기반으로 한 가지 표면에 대한 LOD 설정과 인스턴싱 방법을 추가하여 그 결과를 함께 보인다.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 주어진 삼차원 메쉬를 실시간에서 연필화로 표현하는 방법을 소개한다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 연필화의 특징을 분석한 후 분석된 특징들을 빠르고 간단하게 모사하여 표현하는 알고리즘을 제시한다. 이 알고리즘은 크게 윤곽선을 그리는 방법과 내부를 그리는 방법으로 나뉘며, 제시된 모든 알고리즘은 그래픽스 하드웨어를 이용하여 실시간으로 동작한다. 우선 물체의 윤곽선을 그리기 위해 사람이 윤곽선을 그릴 때의 특징을 분석하여 실제의 윤곽선과 비교해 약간의 오차를 지니면서 여러번 겹쳐 그린 듯한 윤곽선을 만들어 내는 방법을 제시한다. 또한 물체의 내부를 그리기 위해서 먼저 연필의 특징을 잘 반영하는 텍스쳐를 만든 후 이를 물체의 표면에 매핑시켜 물체의 특징을 연필화풍으로 잘 표현하는 방법을 제시한다. 이 과정에서 연필화의 느낌을 강조하기 위해 물체가 그려지는 종이의 질감을 표현하는 방법과 물체의 명암비를 조정하는 방법 역시 제시한다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.207-215
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• 2022

The latest volumetric technology's high geometrical accuracy and realism ensure a high degree of correspondence between the real object and the captured 3D model. Nevertheless, since the 3D model obtained in this way constitutes a sequence as a completely independent 3D model between frames, the consistency of the model surface structure (geometry) is not guaranteed for every frame, and the density of vertices is very high. It can be seen that the interconnection node (Edge) becomes very complicated. 3D models created using this technology are inherently different from models created in movie or video game production pipelines and are not suitable for direct use in applications such as real-time rendering, animation and simulation, and compression. In contrast, our method achieves consistency in the quality of the volumetric 3D model sequence by linking re-meshing, which ensures high consistency of the 3D model surface structure between frames and the gradual deformation and texture transfer through correspondence and matching of non-rigid surfaces. And It maintains the consistency of volumetric 3D model sequence quality and provides post-processing automation.