• Title/Summary/Keyword: 평균 출력

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KALIMER 노심개발을 위한 액체금속로 예비노심설계

  • Kim, Young-In;Kim, Young-Kyun;Song, Hun;Kim, Ui-Gwang;Kim, Young-Cheol
    • Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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    • 1997.10a
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    • pp.135-140
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    • 1997
  • 국내개발 액체금속로 KALIMER 노심설계 개발의 일환으로 전기출력 333 MWe(열출력 840 MWth)의 노심설계를 수행하고, 이에 대한 핵ㆍ열수력 특성을 분석하였다. 설계노심은 2농축 U-Zr(14.0/l8.9%) 이원 합금핵연료의 균질노심으로 구성하였다. 핵연료 재장전주기는 18개월, 평균증식비는 0.64로서 평형주기에서의 최대연소도는 125.2 MWD/kg이며, 특히 음의 소듐 void 반응도가를 가짐으로써 노심안전성 확보측면에서 매우 양호함을 보였다.

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시동특성 해석을 통한 수평축 풍력발전 시스템의 운용방법 개선에 관한 연구

  • 공창덕;방조혁;신현기;정종철;김학봉;김종식;유지윤
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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    • 1999.04a
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    • pp.12-12
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    • 1999
  • 일반적으로 풍력발전기는 교류발전기를 사용하고 있으며 일정한 주파수를 얻기 위해 정속회전수로 운용되고 있다. 또한 대용량의 풍력발전기는 정격풍속이 10-13m/s 정도이므로 년평균풍속이 4m/s 이하인 우리나라에서는 년간 출력의 대부분을 정격출력 이하에서 운용하여야 한다. 이러한 경우 정속회전수에 도달하기 이전에는 발전이 이루어지지 않기 때문에 풍력에너지를 효과적으로 이용하지 못하게 된다.

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Color Uniformity Estimation of Printouts Using a Scanner and Average Brightness (스캐너와 평균 밝기를 이용한 프린터 출력물의 색 균일도 추정)

  • Kim, Ji-Hong;Choi, Doo-Hyun
    • Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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    • v.12 no.7
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    • pp.1016-1021
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    • 2009
  • Among many factors for evaluating the performance of color printers, the color uniformity is an important factor during the stage of development and mass production. Currently the color uniformity is measured manually using densitometers and the data is analyzed by inspectors to evaluate the performance. In this paper a new method of estimating the color uniformity using scanners and average brightness is presented. The color uniformity of printouts is estimated by using the test pattern and commercially available scanner. It is shown from experiments that the estimated data are similar to the data measured by densitometers. Also, with the analysis of the color uniformity, the usefulness of the proposed approach is presented.

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Multi-level Representations of ETBF Using Subfilters (부여파기를 이용한 ETBF의 다진 영역 표현에 대한 연구)

  • Song, Jong-Kwan;Jeong, Byung-Jang;Lee Yong-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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    • v.33B no.1
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    • pp.128-132
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    • 1996
  • In [1], it is shown that a subclass of ETBFs, which are self-dual ETBFs, can be expressed as a weighted average of median subfiltered outputs. In this paper, we extend this result to general ETBFs. In particular, we show that any ETBF can be represented as a weighted average of minimum (or maximum) subfiltered outputs. These representations naturally lead to a subclass of ETBF, called the K-th order ETBF (K-ETBF) that employs only those subfilters whose window sizes are less than or equal to K. By designing K-ETBFs under the mean square error criterion for various values of K and applying them to restore noisy signals, the tradeoff between the performance and the complexity of this class of filters is examined.

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Characteristic Analysis of LDO Regulator According to Process Variation (공정변화에 따른 LDO 레귤레이터의 특성 분석)

  • Park, Won-Kyeong;Kim, Ji-Man;Heo, Yun-Seok;Park, Yong-Su;Song, Han-Jung
    • 전자공학회논문지 IE
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    • v.48 no.4
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    • pp.13-18
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    • 2011
  • In this paper, we have examined electrical characteristics of LDO regulator according to the process variation using a 1 ${\mu}m$ 20 V high voltage CMOS process. The electrical analysis of LDO regulator have been performed with three kind of SPICE parameter sets (Typ : typical, FF : fast, SS : slow) by process variation which cause change of SPICE parameter such as threshold voltage and effective channel length of MOS devices. From simulation results, we confirmed that in case of SS type SPICE parameter set, the LDO regulator has 3.6 mV/V line regulation, 0.4 mV/mA load regulation and 0.86 ${\mu}s$ output voltage settling time. And in case of Typ type SPICE parameter set, the LDO regulatorhas 4.2 mV/V line regulation, 0.44 mV/mA load regulation and 0.62 ${\mu}s$ output voltage settling time. Finally, in the FF type SPICE parameter set, the LDO regulator has 7.0 mV/V line regulation, 0.56 mV/mA load regulation and 0.27 ${\mu}s$ output voltage settling time.

Measurement of Energy Parameters for Electron Gun Heater Currents and Output Dose Rate for Electron Beams from a Prototype Linac (연구용 선형가속기의 전자총 가열 전류에 따른 전자선의 에너지 인자 측정과 출력 측정 연구)

  • Lim, Heuijin;Lee, Manwoo;Kim, Me Young;Yi, Jungyu;Lee, Mujin;Kang, Sang Ku;Rhee, Dong Joo;Jeong, Dong Hyeok
    • Progress in Medical Physics
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.25-30
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    • 2016
  • The dosimetric characteristics were experimentally evaluated for electron beams from the prototype linac developed for radiotherapy units. This paper focuses on the electron beam output and energy variations as a function of electron gun heater current. The electron energy was derived from its mean and most probable energies measured by film dosimetry. The electron beam output at the maximum electron energy was measured with the plane parallel ionization chamber in water using TRS-398 dosimetry protocol. The mean energy and the most probable energy of the electron beam were 6.54~3.31 MeV and 5.94~2.80 MeV at electron gun current of 2.02~2.50 A respectively. The output dose rate for an electron beam of mean energy 6.54 MeV was 5.41 Gy/min ${\pm}1.5%$ at the reference depth in water.

Bipolar Integrated Optical Link Receiver with Low Supply Voltage (바이폴라 집적된 저전압구동 광연결 수신기)

  • 장지근;이상열
    • Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.9-14
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    • 2003
  • The new optical link receiver with data transfer rate higher than 10Mbps at the supply voltage of 1.8V was designed and fabricated using bipolar technology. The fabricated IC showed the dissipation current of 4.6mA under high level input voltage of 1.5V. The high level output voltage($V_{OH}$) and the low level output voltage($V_{OL}$) were 1.15V and 0V, respectively, for a given 10 Mbps signal which has duty ratio of 50%, $V_{IL}$(low level input voltage) of 0.5V, and $V_{IH}$(high level input voltage) of 1.5V, The duty ratio of output waveform was 52.6%. The rising time(t$_{r}$) and the falling time(t$_{f}$) were 9.5ns and 6.8ns, respectively. The propagation delay difference($t_{PHC}-t_{PLH}$) and the jitter($t_j$) were 11.7ns and 4.3ns, respectively.y.

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Output Data Analysis of Simulation: A Review (시뮬레이션 출력 자료 분석에 관한 연구)

  • Chang, Byeong-Yun
    • Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.11-16
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    • 2012
  • Simulation is the imitation of the operation of a real-world process or system over time. It concerns the study of the operating characteristics of real systems. Typically, a simulation project consists of several steps such as data collection, coding, model verification, model validation, experimental design, output data analysis, and implementation. Among these steps of a simulation study this paper focus on statistical analysis methods of simulation output data. Specially, we explain how to develop confidence interval estimators for mean ${\mu}$ in terminating and non-terminating simulation cases. We, then, explore the estimation techniques for $f({\mu})$, where the function $f({\bullet})$ is a nonlinear that is continuously differentiable in a neighborhood of ${\mu}$ with $f'({\mu}){\neq}0$.

Computing Average Iceberg Query by Dynamic Partition (동적 분할에 의한 평균 빙산 질의 처리)

  • 배진욱;이석호
    • Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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    • 1999.10a
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    • pp.126-128
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    • 1999
  • 평균 빙산 질의란 대용량의 데이터들에 의해 avg 집단 함수를 수행한 뒤 임계값 이상인 데이터들을 결과로 출력하는 연산을 의미한다. 이 때 데이터 도메인의 크기가 메모리에 생성할 수 있는 카운터의 수보다 크기 때문에 연산 처리가 어렵다. 지난 연구에서 빙산 질의에 대해 제안한 해시 카운터는 avg 연사의 경우 착오누락이 발생한다는 문제점이 존재한다. 그래서 이런 문제점들을 해결하며 효율적으로 연산을 수행하기 위해, 데이터베이스를 분할하며 카운터를 관리하는 '메모리 Full 분할', '후보 Full 분할'의 두 알고리즘을 제안한다. 실험결과 두 알고리즘은 메모리크기, 데이터 분포, 데이터 순서에 영향을 받았는데, 데이터들이 정렬이 되어 있거나 데이터분포가 정규분포를 이룰 때 우수한 성능을 보였다.

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Triboelectric Nanogenerator Utilizing Metal-to-Metal Surface Contact (금속-금속 표면 접촉을 활용한 정전 소자)

  • Chung, Jihoon;Heo, Deokjae;Lee, Sangmin
    • Composites Research
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    • v.32 no.6
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    • pp.301-306
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    • 2019
  • Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is one of the energy harvesting methods in spotlight that can convert mechanical energy into electricity. As TENGs produce high electrical output, previous studies have shown TENGs that can power small electronics independently. However, recent studies have reported limitations of TENG due to air breakdown and field emission. In this study, we developed a triboelectric nanogenerator that utilizes the metal-to-metal surface contact to induce ion-enhanced field emission and electron avalanche for electrons to flow directly between two electrodes. The average peak open-circuit voltage of this TENG was measured as 340 V, and average peak closed-circuit current was measured as 10 mA. The electrical output of this TENG has shown different value depending on the surface charge of surface charge generation layer. The TENG developed in this study have produced RMS power of 0.9 mW, which is 2.4 times higher compared to conventional TENGs. The TENG developed in this study can be utilized in charging batteries and capacitors to power portable electronics and sensors independently.