• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.331-338
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• 2017

In this study, a portable x-ray generator was manufactured and a real-time image acquisition system was constructed using the image intensifier from the generated generator. We have developed a real - time position error verification system that can verify whether the artificial joint position is different from the initial image from the acquired image. The template image of the region of interest is extracted from the reference image using the pattern matching technique and compared with the image to be compared. As a result, It is shown that real - time position error verification is achieved by displaying the difference angle. This system is portable type, has a self-shielding facility, and the output of the irradiation device can be manufactured in a small size of 1kw and can be used as a portable type. In case of emergency patients in the non-destructive field for industrial use, It has proved effective for use in small areas such as feet.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.65-73
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• 2013

As the advent of the digital age, documents are often scanned to be archived or to be transmitted over the network. The largest proportion of documents is texts and the next is seal images indicating the author of the documents. While a lot of research has been conducted to recognize texts in scanned documents and commercialized text recognizing products are developed as highlighted the importance of the scanned document, information about seal images is discarded. In this paper, we study how to extract the seal image area from the color or black and white document containing the seal image and how to save the seal image. We propose a preprocessing step to remove other components except for the candidate outlines of the seal imprint from scanned documents and a method to select the final region of interest from these candidates by using the feature of seal images. Also in case of a seal imprint overlapped with texts, the most similar image among those stored in the database is selected through the template matching process. We verify the implemented system for a various type of documents produced in schools and analyze the results.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.659-665
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• 2019

Various placards are attached to the surface of a container depending on the risk of the cargo loaded. Containers with dangerous goods should be managed separately from ordinary containers. Therefore, as part of the port automation system, there is a demand for automatic recognition of placards. In this paper, proposed is a system that automatically extracts the placard area based on the shape features of the placard and recognizes the contents in it. Various distortions can be caused by the surface curvature of the container, therefore, attention should be paid to the area extraction and recognition process. The proposed system can automatically extract the region of interest and recognize the placard using the feature that the placard is diamond shaped and the class number is written just above the lower vertex. When the proposed system is applied to real images, the placard can be recognized without error, and the used techniques can be applied to various image analysis systems.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.14B no.4
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• pp.311-320
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• 2007

This paper presents vision-based 3D facial expression animation technique and system which provide the robust 3D head pose estimation and real-time facial expression control. Many researches of 3D face animation have been done for the facial expression control itself rather than focusing on 3D head motion tracking. However, the head motion tracking is one of critical issues to be solved for developing realistic facial animation. In this research, we developed an integrated animation system that includes 3D head motion tracking and facial expression control at the same time. The proposed system consists of three major phases: face detection, 3D head motion tracking, and facial expression control. For face detection, with the non-parametric HT skin color model and template matching, we can detect the facial region efficiently from video frame. For 3D head motion tracking, we exploit the cylindrical head model that is projected to the initial head motion template. Given an initial reference template of the face image and the corresponding head motion, the cylindrical head model is created and the foil head motion is traced based on the optical flow method. For the facial expression cloning we utilize the feature-based method, The major facial feature points are detected by the geometry of information of the face with template matching and traced by optical flow. Since the locations of varying feature points are composed of head motion and facial expression information, the animation parameters which describe the variation of the facial features are acquired from geometrically transformed frontal head pose image. Finally, the facial expression cloning is done by two fitting process. The control points of the 3D model are varied applying the animation parameters to the face model, and the non-feature points around the control points are changed by use of Radial Basis Function(RBF). From the experiment, we can prove that the developed vision-based animation system can create realistic facial animation with robust head pose estimation and facial variation from input video image.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2006

In Korea, a resident registration card has various personal information such as a present address, a resident registration number, a face picture and a fingerprint. A plastic-type resident card currently used is easy to forge or alter and tricks of forgery grow to be high-degree as time goes on. So, whether a resident card is forged or not is difficult to judge by only an examination with the naked eye. This paper proposed an automatic recognition method of a resident card which recognizes a resident registration number by using a refined ART2-based RBF network newly proposed and authenticates a face picture by a template image matching method. The proposed method, first, extracts areas including a resident registration number and the date of issue from a resident card image by applying Sobel masking, median filtering and horizontal smearing operations to the image in turn. To improve the extraction of individual codes from extracted areas, the original image is binarized by using a high-frequency passing filter and CDM masking is applied to the binaried image fur making image information of individual codes better. Lastly, individual codes, which are targets of recognition, are extracted by applying 4-directional contour tracking algorithm to extracted areas in the binarized image. And this paper proposed a refined ART2-based RBF network to recognize individual codes, which applies ART2 as the loaming structure of the middle layer and dynamicaly adjusts a teaming rate in the teaming of the middle and the output layers by using a fuzzy control method to improve the performance of teaming. Also, for the precise judgement of forgey of a resident card, the proposed method supports a face authentication by using a face template database and a template image matching method. For performance evaluation of the proposed method, this paper maked metamorphoses of an original image of resident card such as a forgey of face picture, an addition of noise, variations of contrast variations of intensity and image blurring, and applied these images with original images to experiments. The results of experiment showed that the proposed method is excellent in the recognition of individual codes and the face authentication fur the automatic recognition of a resident card.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.53 no.7
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• pp.67-77
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose an algorithm for open/closed eye detection based on modified Hausdorff distance. The proposed algorithm consists of two parts, face detection and open/closed eye detection parts. To detect faces in an image, MCT (Modified Census Transform) is employed based on characteristics of the local structure which uses relative pixel values in the area with fixed size. Then, the coordinates of eyes are found and open/closed eyes are detected using MHD (Modified Hausdorff Distance) in the detected face region. Firstly, face detection process creates an MCT image in terms of various face images and extract criteria features by PCA(Principle Component Analysis) on offline. After extraction of criteria features, it detects a face region via the process which compares features newly extracted from the input face image and criteria features by using Euclidean distance. Afterward, the process finds out the coordinates of eyes and detects open/closed eye using template matching based on MHD in each eye region. In performance evaluation, the proposed algorithm achieved 94.04% accuracy in average for open/closed eye detection in terms of test video sequences of gray scale with 30FPS/$320{\times}180$ resolution.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.415-420
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• 2017

In this paper, an algorithm for object counting via a conveyor system using machine vision is suggested. Object counting systems using image processing have been applied in a variety of industries for such purposes as measuring floating populations and traffic volume, etc. The methods of object counting mainly used involve template matching and machine learning for detecting and tracking. However, operational time for these methods should be short for detecting objects on quickly moving conveyor belts. To provide this characteristic, this algorithm for image processing is a region-based method. In this experiment, we counted young abalone shells that are similar in shape, size and color. We applied a characteristic conveyor system that operated in one direction. It obtained information on objects in the region of interest by comparing a second frame that continuously changed according to the information obtained with reference to objects in the first region. Objects were counted if the information between the first and second images matched. This count was exact when young shells were evenly spaced without overlap and missed objects were calculated using size information when objects moved without extra space. The proposed algorithm can be applied for various object counting controls on conveyor systems.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.44 no.3 s.357
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• pp.33-40
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• 2007

In this paper, low-rate TCP attack as one of shrew attacks is considered and the scaling based dynamic time warping (S-DTW) algorithm is introduced. The low-rate TCP attack can not be detected by the detection method for the previous flooding DoS/DDoS (Denial of Service/Distirbuted Denial of Service) attacks due to its low average traffic rate. It, however, is a periodic short burst that exploits the homogeneity of the minimum retransmission timeout (RTO) of TCP flows and then some pattern matching mechanisms have been proposed to detect it among legitimate input flows. A DTW mechanism as one of detection approaches has proposed to detect attack input stream consisting of many legitimate or attack flows, and shown a depending method as well. This approach, however, has a problem that legitimate input stream may be caught as an attack one. In addition, it is difficult to decide a threshold for separation between the legitimate and the malicious. Thus, the causes of this problem are analyzed through simulation and the scaling by maximum auto-correlation value is executed before computing the DTW. We also discuss the results on applying various scaling approaches and using standard deviation of input streams monitored.

• Journal of Information Technology Application
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.133-147
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• 2001

This paper proposed a new algorithm for binarization and removal of noises in color images with characters and pictures. Binarization was performed by threshold which had computed with color-relationship relative to the number of pixel in background and character candidates and pre-threshold for dividing of background and character candidates in input images. The pre-threshold has been computed by the histogram of R, G, B In respect of the images, while background and character candidates of input images are divided by the above pre-threshold. As it is possible that threshold can be dynamically decided by the quantity of the noises, and the character images are maintained and the noises are removed to the maximum. And, in this study, we made the noise pattern table as a result of analysis in noise pattern included in the various color images aiming at removal of the noises from the Images. Noises included in the images can figure out Distribution by way of the noise pattern table and pattern matching itself. And then this Distribution classified difficulty of noises included in the images into the three categories. As removal of noises in the images is processed through different procedure according to the its classified difficulties, time required for process was reduced and efficiency of noise removal was improved. As a result of recognition experiments in respect of extracted characters in color images by way of the proposed algorithm, we conformed that the proposed algorithm is useful in a sense that it obtained the recognition rate in general documents without colors and pictures to the same level.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.471-477
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• 2014

In this paper, we propose a low-cost license plate recognition system based on smart cam system using Android. The proposed system consists of a portable device and server. Potable device Hardware consists of ARM Cortex-A9 (S5PV210) processor control unit, a power supply device, wired and wireless communication, input/output unit. We develope Linux kernel and dedicated device driver for WiFi module and camera. The license plate recognition algorithm is consisted of setting candidate plates areas with canny edge detector, extracting license plate number with Labeling, recognizing with template matching, etc. The number that is recognized by the device is transmitted to the remote server via the user mobile phone, and the server re-transfer the vehicle information in the database to the portable device. To verify the utility of the proposed system, user photographs the license plate of any vehicle in the natural environment. Confirming the recognition result, the recognition rate was 95%. The proposed system was suitable for low cost portable license plate recognition device, it enabled the stability of the system when used long time by using the Android operating system.