• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.131-157
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• 2017

Loving-kindness & compassion meditation (LCM) is one of the popular intervention on clinical setting to cultivate loving-kindness & compassion for self and other. Shame is known for unconscious and implicit emotion including negative self-concept. Some researchers suggest that people with high shame have difficulty in cultivating loving-kindness & compassion toward oneself because of shame including the negative self-critic. In this research, it is explored the influence of shame for the object of LCM. There are 2 experiments to find out the answer to this question. In experiment 1, participants (N = 108) are randomly assigned to two conditions. The one condition is loving-kindness meditation for self, and the other is loving-kindness meditation for positive others. Dislike and engagement from participants about loving-kindness meditation instruction are measured after meditation for 8 minutes. From the experiment 2, loving-kindness meditation is replaced with compassion meditation from the design of experiment 1. This experiment is conducted because of psychological differences between loving-kindness and compassion. Participants (N = 116) are randomly assigned to two conditions, compassion meditation for self and positive others, respectively. The results of experiment 1 show that dislike of loving-kindness meditation for self seems to high when people have high shame, but shame does not have an influence on engagement. For loving-kindness meditation for positive others, shame seems to not affect on dislike and engagement about loving-kindness meditation instruction. The results of experiment 2 show that dislike is higher for self than for positive others about compassion meditation for people with high shame, but shame does not affect on engagement. For discussion, it is suggested that shame has special features of emotion. For the future, we discuss the therapeutic strategy for people with negative self-concept.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.51-58
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• 2016

This study examined the difference between the deaf and hearing adolescents of experiencing emotions and the intensity levels of expressing them. Three different video clips were used to induce pleasure, anger, and sadness. While watching the clips, facial expressions of the participants were recorded. The experienced emotions were measured by a self-report method, and the third person rated participants' expressed emotions based upon the recorded facial images. Two groups (deaf and hearing) were compared if those two groups shared the same experienced emotions, and whether the ratings scored by the third person corresponded with the self-rated scores. There was no significant difference in experienced emotion and its intensity level. However, hearing adolescents showed more intensive responses of pleasure than they reported, while deaf adolescents showed less intensive expressions of happiness than they reported themselves. Thus, hearing people might not be able to detect and fully comprehend how the deaf feel in general circumstances. This further indicates that the deaf adolescents cannot get enough supports from the hearing people when they express their feelings, and consequently, have a possibility of causing misunderstandings, conflicts, or even a break in relationships.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.841-856
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• 2015

This study sought to explore longitudinal changes in Korean fourth graders' career aspirations in science. The sample included those who had high interest, but low career aspirations in science, and the analysis focused on the concept of science identity. To achieve this study's objectives, we selected 14 participants and then conducted two in-depth interviews with them. Compared with the first interviews (4th grade), changes were observed in eight students' career aspirations in science in the second round (5th grade). While six students maintained "negative" career aspiration, six revealed "medium" and two revealed "positive" career aspiration in science. To explore the relationship between science identities and career aspirations in science, three students were selected from the sample for further study. According to the results, the aspects of science identity that students valued regarding potential careers varied individually. Depending on these aspects, each student showed different patterns in the interactions between different aspects of science identity, and between aspects of science identity and science-related career aspirations. Over time, participants' experiences and interactions with people around them produced changes in their science identity, which led to changes in their career aspirations resulting from the interactions between aspects of their science identity. Their career aspirations in science were also significantly influenced by each participant's perceptions of relationships with peers (i.e., recognition by peers and of peers) and of science-related careers. Therefore, the results suggest that students need to be provided with appropriate learning environments and guidance relating to science careers.

• The Magazine of the IEIE
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.42-44
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• 1994

1924년 미국 특허청은 무선통신을 위한 하나의 새로운 신호방식에 대하여 특허를 부여했다. 이로써 Alfred Goldsmith는 Spread Spectrum을 이용한 통신방식을 실용화시키는 첫 장을 열었다. 이후 1970년대까지 이 특유한 통신방식은 보안을 최우선으로 하는 군용 무선통신의 전유물이라고도 할 수 있었다. 그러나 타인에 의하여 도청되거나 방해받는 확률이 작은만큼 남에게도 간섭내지 방해를 거의 주지않는다는 Spread Spectrum 통신방식의 특징때문에 1980년대 이후부터는 이 방식을 이용한 다수의 상용 통신제품과 서비스가 개발되기 시작하였다. 최근 셀룰라 시스템의 디지틀화 과정에서 CDMA 방식이 도입된 것도 바로 이러한 특징 때문이었던 것이다. 이제는 미국내의 통신산업체협회(TIA)에서 CDMA Air Interface 규격인 IS-95가 공식 발표됨에 따라 이미 국제적으로 채택되어 사용되고 있는 TDMA 방식의 첫 경쟁기술로 부상하였으나 CDMA 방식이 오늘에 이르기까지는 많은 논란과 평가들이 있었다. 비록 그간의 TIA의 TR45.5 소위원회와 다수의 산업체 및 연구기관들의 노력으로 상당부분의 의문점들이 해결되었으나 여타의 새로운 통신기술들이 그러하였듯이 CDMA방식을 이용한 셀룰라 및 개인통신 서비스가 실용적이고 편리한 상용제품으로 자리잡기 위하여는 몇 가지 진지하게 생각해 보아야 할 과제들이 있다. 이제 각 분야별로 CDMA이동통신 시스템의 당면과제에 대하여 간략히 나열하여 보고자 한다.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.11-18
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• 2005

정보 통신의 발달로 네트워크를 통한 개인 신원의 확인이나 인증의 필요성이 증가하고 있다. 기존의 패스워드에 의한 개인 확인방법은 비교적 구현이 용이한 반면에 타인에게 노출되어 오용될 수 있는 가능성이 높으며, 다수의 패스워드를 기억에 의존하여 관리하는 것도 쉽지 않은 형편이다. 이에 개인의 고유한 생체적 특징에 기반을 둔 생체인식 시스템이 다양한 분야에서 사용되고 있으나, 이를 둘러싼 프라이버시 침해 논의로 그 적용이 제약받고 있는 것이 현실이다. 이에 본고에서는 생체정보와 프라이버시의 관계를 살펴보기 위해 먼저 생체정보 이용에 있어서의 프라이버시 침해요인을 분석하고, 이에 대한 국제적 동향과 프라이버시 영향평가에 대해서 알아본다 다음으로 현재 우리 주변에서 생체인식시스템과 관련하여 주요 이슈로 다루어지고 있는 US-VISIT, 지문날인, 생체여권, CCTV에 의한 방범시스템과 같은 국내외의 활용 현황들을 알아보고 생체정보보호를 위한 정책동향을 살펴보고자 한다.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.288-295
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• 2000

동결기간과 해동후 재냉장이 우육의 지방산 조성. TBA가 생육향 및 가열육향에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 홀스타인의 등심부위를 -2$0^{\circ}C$에서 6, 12 및 18개월 동경, 해동한 것과 이것을 1$^{\circ}C$에서 3일간 재냉장한 것에 대하여 실험하였다. 신선육의 총지질 중성지질 및 인지질의 단일 불포화지방산에 대한 포화지방산의 비율(MUFA/SFA)은 각각 1.35, 1.10 및 1.34이었으며 동결기간이 길어지면서 점점 감소하였다. 동결 6개월째 우육은 TBA가는 0.37 mg/MA/kg으로 신선육의 0.15 mg/MA.kg 보다 높아졌으나 산패취는 느끼지 못했다. 동결 12개월과 18개월째 우육의 TBA가는 각각 0.53과 0.64mg/MA/kg이었으며 산패취를 느낄수 있었다. 한편 재냉장한 우육은 동결기간에 관계없이 TBA가가 높아지고 생육향 평가 점수가 낮아졌으나 MUFA/SFA와 가열육향은 동결 6개월째에 향상되었고 12개월 및 18개월 째에는 저하되어 동결기간에 따라 재냉장 효과의 차이를 보였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.101-106
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• 2002

최근 사무환경에서 컴퓨터 사용시간이 급증함에 따라 컴퓨터 소음의 불쾌감으로 인한 저소음형 컴퓨터에 대한 요구가 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라 효율적인 소음조절을 위하여 컴퓨터 소음에 대한 실태 조사를 위하여 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 물리적 측정치와 더불어 심리음향학적 각종 파라메타를 계산하였다. 또한 일반적 업무 Task가 주어진 상태에서 컴퓨터 소음에 대한 근무자의 상하한계치 설정을 위한 청감실험을 실시하였다. 설문조사 결과, 가장 시끄럽게 인식되는 소음은 팬소음(사용자 컴퓨터)과 키보드 사용음(타인 컴퓨터)으로 나타났으며, 약 55%의 사용자들이 보통 컴퓨터 소음에 대해 시끄럽게 느끼고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 현재 사용중인 컴퓨터의 소음에 대해 사용자의 약 20% 정도만이 조용하게 느끼며, 컴퓨터 소음이 업무효율을 떨어뜨린다는 응답도 약 35%로 나타났다. 팬소음, CD-Rom 구동음, HDD 작동음에 대해 청감실험을 실시한 결과, 각 소음의 상하한치는 각각 31∼51dB(A), 34∼54dB(A), 34∼58dB(A)로 나타났다.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.247-252
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• 2010

According to IT technology has evolved, a lot of information are moving through network. The correct internet users can obtain useful information. But incorrect users expose information and cause various damage for malicious purpose. To solve this problem, various information security products are being developed. For development of secure information security product, the development process should be secure. Also evaluation system is being used about product evaluation and security module for the assurance of secure product. In this paper, we proposed assurance system for secure development of information security product. Therefore this paper proposed more secure product development and assurance scheme.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.970-974
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• 2010

According to IT technology has evolved, smart phone rapidly propagates for mobility. A smart phone user acquires useful information, but attackers generate various damage. For example, an attacker must distribute to expose the privacy of others. To solve this problem, various information security products are being developed. In addition, information security has been strengthened. In this paper, we propose a scheme for secure use of smart phone. For development of secure smart phone, the development processes should be secure. In addition, we propose an information security production certification system for secure smart phone security.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.313-323
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• 2016

Companies are investing in CSR activities as a way to fulfill their societal obligations. It is expected that companies' CSR activities would be an effective investment to enhance corporate image, leading to consumers' purchase behavior. However, sometimes, CSR activities have a null or negative effect on the evaluation of company. The purpose of this research is to find ways to solve these problems and it reviews some research concerning donation and introduce these research into CSR. Specifically, this study examines the effect of CSR beneficiary appeals on the attractiveness of corporate identity and the mediating role of the inferred motives of CSR. The results show that consumers evaluate the corporate identity less attractive which employ the self-benefit CSR appeal. In addition, the findings also suggest that the effect of the CSR beneficiary appeal on the attractiveness of corporate identity is mediated by the inferred motives. These results suggest some managerial implications concerning communication guidelines of CSR. Specifically, companies need to communicate sincere motives of CSR rather than business.