• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.331.2-331.2
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• 2016

스퍼터 타깃 (target)을 스퍼터링하여 박막을 형성하는 스퍼터 증착은 고체 박막 형성 방법의 하나로서 널리 사용되고 있다. 타깃을 구성하는 합금 원소의 스퍼터링율 (sputtering yield)의 차이 때문에 스퍼터 증착이 진행됨에 따라 타깃 표면의 조성이 변화하지만 일반적으로 원소 간의 표면 농도 및 스퍼터링율의 차이 효과가 서로 상쇄되므로 증착되는 합금 박막의 조성은 타깃의 조성과 일치한다. 그러나 갈륨 (Ga)을 포함하는 합금 타깃을 스퍼터링하는 경우에는 갈륨의 낮은 녹는점 특성 때문에 타깃 조성보다 갈륨의 농도가 더 높은 갈륨 합금 박막이 형성되는 현상이 최근에 보고되었다 [1]. 본 연구에서는 GeGa 및 GeSbTe 타깃을 스퍼터링한 후의 타깃 표면형상 및 성분의 변화를 조사함으로써 마그네트론 스퍼터링 기술로 갈륨 합금 박막을 형성할 때 타깃 표면에서 발생하는 불균일한 조성 변화 특성을 고찰한다. GeSbTe 타깃에 비해 GeGa 타깃은 횡적으로 구분되는 영역이 뚜렷하고 각 영역에서의 Ge와 Ga의 농도가 최대 25 at%의 차이를 나타낸다. 이러한 국부적인 미세구조와 Ge 및 Ga 농도의 차이를 비교 분석하여 갈륨 합금 타깃 표면에서 발생하는 불균일한 조성 변화 현상의 메커니즘을 설명한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.279-285
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• 2012

Albeit the use of terrestrial 3D laser scanner (TLS) in the parts of landslide monitoring, cultural heritage documentation, civil engineering, urban engineering, etc. is increasing more and more, there is no international standardization regulation about the accuracy evaluation of the geometric element values, target, instrument calibration and test procedures, etc. Accordingly, this study deals with the manufacturing of TLS performance test target and the evaluation of TLS distance measurement and shows its suitability as the test target.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.47
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• pp.85-117
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• 2016

These days, ISIS terrorists have been expanding not only to european countries, but also to asian countries so South Korea is no longer safe from terrorists' attacks. Especially, 'soft target terrorism' makes many people maximizing fear of terrorism because it is caused by small groups - those who are armed with small arms and light weapons - and they are able to carry out hit and run attacks on civilian targets. It poses even more dangerous to kill massively. That is why November 2015 Paris attacks and January 2016 Jakarta attacks killed and injured many people because of 'soft target terrorism.' Therefore, the South Korea has also recognized the seriousness of terrorism by ISIS. The study has shown the precautionary measures about 'soft target terrorism' and how to defend against 'soft target terrorism' by looking through overseas examples. It is for the possibilities of 'soft terrorism' in South Korea because of the expansion of ISIS. As a result, 'soft target terrorism', caused by ISIS, could happen in South Korea. The counterplan is as in the following. First of all, 'soft target terrorism', which is collaborated with ISIS and domestic terrorists, could be caused by negative awareness of foreign residents and xenophobia so the public should change stereotypes about the foreign residents and there should be legislation about racial discrimination enacted by parliament and the government must practice the law. Second, the Korean anti-terrorism laws should be modified to minimize violations of human rights, related to the Korean citizens' personal information, and to stop the concentration of power into the hands of one law enforcement. Third, the government has to develop and to initiate the refuge&evacuation simulation, which prepares for 'soft target terrorism' and minimizes the damages if terrorists attack hot spots like central commercial areas or event halls.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.197-203
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• 2017

This study purpose is propose the basic data for selecting the optimal target material by analyzing the photon characteristics of various materials which was located in the head of medical linear accelerator. In this study, energy spectrum of 6, 15 MV photon beams were compared and analyzed for 13 target materials using MCNPX of Monte Carlo method. The mean energy for the 6 MV energy spectrum was 1.69 ~ 1.84 MeV and that for the 15 MV was 3.38 ~ 3.56 MeV, according to the target material. The flux for the 6 MV energy spectrum was $1.64{\times}10^{-5}{\sim}1.80{\times}10^{-5}{\sharp}/cm^2/e$ and that for the 15 MV was $1.76{\times}10^{-4}{\sim}1.85{\times}10^{-4}{\sharp}/cm^2/e$. The analysis shows that the average energy and flux increase with higher atomic number of the target material. Based on this study, it is possible to present the basic data about the physical characteristics of the photon, and it will be possible to select the target later considering economic, efficiency and physical aspect.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.127-134
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• 2009

This paper presents a motion generation technique for arbitrary morphologies with the user defined correspondences between joints. Users can define the controlling part in the source character and the part to be controlled in the target character in our system. To remove the restriction in the morphology of the target character, we use the pair of example posture sets. In our system, in order to provide the correspondence regardless of the number of joints, the deformed part in the target character is simplified into the direction vector. The final postures are then generated with the weighted sum of the examples. Our experimental results demonstrate that our approach can generate motions for various target characters and can control the user defined joints in real-time.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.383-387
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• 2010

산업 현장에서 용수는 필수적인 요소이다. 특히 안정적인 용수 공급이야말로 산업 활동을 지속적으로 이어가게 하는 중요한 요소이다. 본 연구에서는 용수 공급이 차질을 빚을 경우 발생하는 공급지장비용(Water Shortage Cost)을 산업연관구조를 분해하여 산출해보고자 한다. 연구 결과, 수도 공급이 예기치 않은 이유로 감축되거나 절수되어야 할 때, 수도 산업의 최종 수요 소비자에게 수도 공급을 감축시킨다면, 사회에 미치는 한계비용은 $m^3$당 903원 이하로 나타났다. 그 다음으로는 제일 낮은 가치 승수를 가진 섬유 가죽 산업이 타깃이 되어 수도 공급을 감축하게 되는데 이때 발생하는 공급지장한계비용은 $m^3$당 55,710원 이하가 된다. 다시 세 번째 타깃은 음식점 및 숙박 산업이 공급지장 타깃이 되며, 이의 공급지장한계비용은 $m^3$당 78,053원 이하가 된다. 수도 수요가 수도 공급보다 많아 공급지장상황이 지속적으로 발생하여 공급 감축 타깃이 농산품에 이르면, 공급지장한계비용이 $m^3$당 435,206원에 이르는 것으로 분석되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.329-336
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• 2010

This study deals with the measurement of reflectivity as well as the distance accuracy with Terrestrial Laser Scanner(TLS) using time of flight methods and near infrared wave length, for a variety of user-made targets. Especially, point clouds' reflection to several targets was measured with Gretag Macbeth il spectrophotometer in the office. And the distance accuracy in comparison to reference distance for TLS performance evaluation, was tested after scanning the user-made targets and measuring the inter-pillars distances over the precise EDM calibration baseline. The results of test was shown that except white resin objects, with approx. 10m and 170m inter-pillar distances, other targets achieved the distance accuracy of several millimeters(mm) with respect to standard distances. Future work should be concentrate on a few parameters influencing on the distance accuracy such as atmospheric correction, instrument correction, the additive constant or zero/index correction, etc.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2013

Recently 3D surveying is recommended to manage underground facilities systematically before refilling of site operation. As the demand of realtime localization increases, cost reduction and consistent data construction which are realizable by using one man surveying method with unmanned target, are necessary for constructing DB of all sorts of the underground facilities with more speediness and correctness. This study sets a goal to develop a new type of surveying target which allows realtime localization to be performed by one man, through making an optimum reflector(triangle, quadrangle, and semispherical shape) by using the retro-reflection principle of optical prism which is being used for surveying currently. The new surveying target makes realtime surveying possible. To check reliability of its data, the accuracy is compared with surveying coordination of total station for each type in a quantitative method. In the result, the usefulness of the reflector for Underground Facilities localization is proved. Thus the foundation for underground DB construction conducted by one man is established for acquisition of 3D location information in more efficient way through using unmanned target.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.32
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• pp.53-59
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the difference between the MLC log file-based software (Mobius) and the conventional phantom-ionization chamber (ArcCheck) dose verification method according to the change of target volume. Material and method: Radius 0.25cm, 0.5cm, 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm, 5cm, 6cm, 7cm, 8cm, 9cm, 10cm with a Sphere-shaped target Twelve plans were created and dose verification using Mobius and ArcCheck was conducted three times each. The irradiated data were compared and analyzed using the point dose error value and the gamma passing rate (3%/3mm) as evaluation indicators. Result: Mobius point dose error values were -9.87% at a radius of 0.25cm and -4.39% at 0.5cm, and the error value was within 3% at the remaining target volume. The gamma passing rate was 95% at a radius of 9cm and 93.9% at 10cm, and a passing rate of more than 95% was shown in the remaining target volume. In ArcCheck, the average error value of the point dose was about 2% in all target volumes. The gamma passing rate also showed a pass rate of 98% or more in all target volumes. Conclusion: For small targets with a radius of 0.5cm or less or a large target with a radius of 9cm or more, considering the uncertainty of DQA based on MLC log files, phantom-ionized DQA is used in complementary ways to include point dose, gamma index, DVH, and target coverage. It is believed that it is desirable to verify the dose delivery through a comprehensive analysis.

• 주택과사람들
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• s.198
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• pp.72-75
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• 2006

초고층 주상복합 아파트가 대거 건설되고 있는 요즘, 자연 환경을 선호하는 수요자들을 타깃으로 타운하우스가 건설되고 있다. 타운하우스는 자연 친화적인 환경과 생활의 편리성이 한데 어우러지고 개인의 프라이버시를 보호하면서 동시에 방범·방재 등 관리의 효율성을 높이는 고품격 주택 시장의 신주거 트렌드로 자리 잡고 있다. 고급 수요자들을 타깃으로 수도권 지역에 선보이고 있는 타운하우스를 찾아가보았다.