• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.363-372
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• 2005

최근 고유가상황 및 에너지소비가 증대되는 사회적 분위기와 환경적 변화에 힘입어 대체에너지기술개발에 대한 절실한 대책마련이 중요시 되고있다. 기후변화협약의 발효로 환경에너지에 대한 새로운 인식의 필요로 에너지체제의 변환이 촉구되어지고 있으며 이에 따른 환경친화적 에너지자원을 이용한 신 재생에너지개발에 대한 연구개발기술이 관심을 받고 있다. 현재 사용중인 화석연료는 환경오염 및 지구의 온난화 현상 등 심각한 공해문제를 야기시키고 있는 반면에 태양에너지와 같은 청정에너지의 개발은 환경오염방지와 친환경에너지자원의 활용이라는 점에서 관심이 대상이 되고 있고 특히, 우리나라의 경우 에너지수입 의존율이 97%로 높은 상황에서 국가에너지대책을 수립하고 해외수입에너지 의존율을 최소화시키기 위하여 가히 필수적인 상황이다. 따라서, 본 실증연구사업(태양열 이용 Hybrid냉난방시스템 실증연구)은 태양열 집열기에서 생산된 저온의 $20\sim30^{\circ}C$의 승온된 양질의 열원을 히트펌프 증발기 열원으로 이용 히트펌프의 압축동력이 상대적으로 작아져 기존 히트펌프 시스템에서의 성적계수(COP)를 높여 주는 효과를 기대할 수 있고, 특히 하절기 복사량이 많은 시기에는 $50\sim60^{\circ}C$ 정도로 승온되어진 중 고온수를 직접 온수탱크로 이동시켜 필요수요처에 공급함으로써 이에 따른 에너지절감효과를 기대할 수 있다. 구축된 태양열 이용 하이브리드(Hybrid)냉난방시스템은 계절별, 설비별 특성을 적절히 활용하여 연평균 집열기 효율은 70%수준으로 유지하면서, 계절별 성적계수는 '4'수준을 목표로 하여 추진되었으며, 그간, 태양열 이용 보급분야의 실용화는 주로 건물의 급탕용 온수생산의 수준에 머물렀으나 이 단계를 극복한 건물의 냉 난방 및 급탕을 위한 태양열 및 공기열원을 활용한 하이브리드(Hybrid)냉난방 시스템 구축하였다. 아울러, 태양열 이용 하이브리드 냉난방 히트펌프 시스템 실증 실험은 유가상승과 신재생에너지에 대한 국가적 분위기 고취로 어느때 보다도 개발기술의 상용화 및 실용화적 측면의 염두와 태양열 이용 Hybrid냉난방 시스템의 효율향상과 저가화를 통해 기술의 경제성과 신뢰성을 확보하여 태양열 이용 시스템의 보급활성화를 목표로 하고 있다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.283-289
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• 2010

Owing to the increasing worldwide interest in green technology and renewable energy sources, flywheel energy storage systems (FESSs) are gaining importance as a viable alternative to traditional battery systems. Since the energy storage capacity of an FESS is proportional to the principal mass-moment of inertia and the square of the running speed, a design that maximizes the principal inertia while operatingrunning at the highest possible speed is important. However, the requirements for the stability of the system may impose a constraint on the optimal design. In this paper, an optimal design of an FESS that not only maximizes the energy capacity but also satisfies the requirements for system stability and reduces the sensitivity to external disturbances is proposed. Cross feedback control in combination with a conventional proportional-derivative (PD) controller is essential to reduce the effect of gyroscopic coupling and to increase the stored energy and the specific energy density.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.609-617
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• 2017

Lignocellulosic biomass is a renewable resource for production of biofuels and biochemicals. Furfural (FF) is an important platform chemical catalytically derived from the hemicellulose fraction of biomass. Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) is a FF derivative and can be used as an eco-friendly solvent with thermal and chemical stability. Despite large numbers of experimental studies for catalytic conversion of FF to THFA, few research have conducted on the economic feasibility for large-scale THFA production from FF. At the stage of assessment of the potential for commercialization of conversion technology, a large-scale process study is required to identify technological bottleneck and to obtain information for solving scale-up problems. In this study, process simulation and technoeconomic evaluation for catalytic conversion of FF to THFA are performed, as the following three steps: integrated process design, heat integration, and economic evaluation. First, a large-scale process including conversion and separation processes is designed based on experimental results. When the FF processing rate is 255 tonnes per day, the FF-to-THFA yields are 63.2~67.9 mol%. After heat integration, the heating requirements are reduced by 14.4~16.4%. Finally, we analyze the cost drivers and calculate minimum selling price of THFA by economic evaluation. The minimum selling price of THFA for the developed process are $2,120~2,340 per tonne, which are close to the current THFA market price.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.397-401
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• 2016

A new solid oxidizer, pyridinium dinitramide (Py-DN) is a low toxic energetic material which can be utilized as a HPGP (high performance green propellant). In this work, Py-DN was synthesized using various starting materials including potassium sulfamate, pyridine hydrochloride, strong nitric acid and sulfuric acid. Physical and chemical properties of the Py-DN were characterized using UV-Vis, FT-IR and a thermal analyzer and their properties were compared to those of previously prepared salts including ammonium dinitramide[ADN, $NH_4N(NO_2)_2$] and guanidine dinitramide[GDN, $NH_2C(NH_2)NH_2N(NO_2)_2$] in our lab. Endothermic and exothermic decomposition temperatures of Py-DN were $77.4^{\circ}C$ and $144.7^{\circ}C$, respectively. The combustion caloric value was 1739 J/g, which is thermally more sensitive than that of conventional dinitramides. It may enable to lower the decomposition temperature, which can reduce preheating temperature required for satellite thruster applications.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.672-682
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• 2020

The Korea Nowadays, which is research on digital twin technology for efficient operation in various industrial/manufacturing sites, is being actively conducted, and gradual depletion of fossil fuels and environmental pollution issues require new renewable/eco-friendly power generation methods, such as wave power plants. In wave power generation, however, which generates electricity from the energy of waves, it is very important to understand and predict the amount of power generation and operational efficiency factors, such as breakdown, because these are closely related by wave energy with high variability. Therefore, it is necessary to derive a meaningful correlation between highly volatile data, such as wave height data and sensor data in an oscillating water column (OWC) chamber. Secondly, the methodological study, which can predict the desired information, should be conducted by learning the prediction situation with the extracted data based on the derived correlation. This study designed a workflow-based training model using a machine learning framework to predict the pressure of the OWC. In addition, the validity of the pressure prediction analysis was verified through a verification and evaluation dataset using an IoT sensor data to enable smart operation and maintenance with the digital twin of the wave generation system.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.854-862
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• 2016

As the demand for a clean energy to replace fossil fuel being depleted increases, hydrogen energy is considered as a promising candidate for future energy source. Water electrolysis which produces hydrogen has high energy efficiency and stability but still has a large overpotential for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this study, $Co_3O_4$ catalysts with different morphology were prepared by spray pyrolysis from solutions which contain Co precursor and various organic additives (urea, sucrose, and citric acid), followed by post heat treatment. For the catalysts synthesized, X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements were performed to identify their crystal structure. Morphology and surface shape of the catalysts were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Surface area and pore volume were examined by nitrogen adsortpion & desorption tests and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was conducted to confirm nitrogen doping. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) was carried out to investigate OER activity of $Co_3O_4$ catalysts. As a result, bare-$Co_3O_4$ which has high surface area and small particle size determined by spray pyrolysis showed high activity toward OER.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.730-736
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• 2019

The demand for natural gas, which is considered an environmentally friendly energy source, is increasing, and at the same time, the market share of large pipelines for natural gas supply is increasing continuously. On the other hand, the corrosion of such large pipelines reduces the efficiency of natural gas transportation. Therefore, this study aims to establish a strategy for securing the patent rights of related technologies through quantitative analysis of patents on energy-independent high-efficiency corrosion prevention technology for large-scale pipelines for natural gas supply. In this patent technology trend study, Korean, US, Japanese, and European patents filed, published, and registered by June 2018 were analyzed, and a technical classification system and classification criteria were prepared through expert discussion. To use fuel cells as an external power source to prevent the corrosion of natural gas large-scale pipelines, it is believed that rights can be claimed using an energy control system and methods having 1) branch structures of pipeline and facility designs (decompressor/compressor/heat exchanger) and 2) decompression/preheating and pressurization/cooling technology of high pressure natural gas.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.279-284
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• 2016

Mine tailings generated during mining activity often contain high concentrations of heavy metals, with pyrite-containing mine tailings in particular being a major cause of environmental problems in mining areas. Chemical cell technology, or fuel cell technology, can be applied to leach heavy metals in pyrite-containing mine tailings. As pyrite dissolves through spontaneous oxidation (i.e. galvanic oxidation) in the anode compartment of the cell, $Fe^{3+}$, sulfuric acid are generated. A decrease in pH due to the generation of sulfuric acid allows heavy metals to be leached from pyrite-containing mine tailings. In this study, pyrite was dissolved for 4 weeks at $23^{\circ}C$ in an acidic solution (pH 2) and in a galvanic reactor, which induces galvanic oxidation, and total Fe leached from pyrite and pH were compared in order to investigate if galvanic oxidation can facilitate pyrite oxidation. The change in the pyrite surface was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Comparing the total Fe leached from the pyrite, there were 2.9 times more dissolution of pyrite in the galvanic reactor than in the acidic solution, and thus pH was lower in the galvanic reactor than in the acidic solution. Through SEM analysis of the pyrite that reacted in the galvanic reactor, linear-shaped cracks were observed on the surface of the pyrite. The study results show that pyrite dissolution was facilitated through the galvanic oxidation in the galvanic reactor, and also implied that the galvanic oxidation can be one remediation option for pyrite-containing mine tailings.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.101-109
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• 2013

Recently, it is certain that the increase of heating and cooling energy consumption by radical change in climate condition has caused serious problems related to environmental and energy concerns associated with increase of fossil fuel usage and carbon dioxide production as well as global warming. So, various actions to reduce greenhouse gas exhaustion and energy consumption have been prepared by world developed countries. Our government has also been trying to seek energy control methods for houses and buildings by proclaiming political polices on low-carbon green growth and construction and performance standards for environment-friendly housing. The energy consumption by buildings approximately reaches 25% of total korea energy consumption, and the increasing rate of energy consumption by buildings is stiffer than the rate by the other industries. The greatest part in the buildings of the energy consumption is building facade. While lots of research projects for reducing energy consumption of the facade have been conducted, but a few research projects on concrete comprising more than 70% of outsider of buildings has been tried. This research presents here a study to improve the insulation property of structural concrete formed by micro form admixture (MFA) with experimentally reviewing the physical, mechanical and thermal characteristics of the concrete. As the results of this experiment, in the case of concrete mixed with MFA, slump loss has been improved. As the mixing ratio of MFA increases, the compressive strength is decreased and thermal conductivity is increased. Also it was found that water-cement ratio increases, the compressive strength is decreased and thermal conductivity is increased. but, there was not big influence by the change of fine aggregate ratio.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.96 no.4
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• pp.477-482
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• 2007

Forest biomass became a topic because we have growing interest in global environmental issues and environment-friendly energy resources. This study was carried out to estimate the forest biomass and develop a program for biomass information management in Korea. The total forest biomass (million ton) were 521 for gross forest, 403 for productive forest and 201 for commercial forest in 2005. Also, the annual biomass production in forest was 20 million ton which was equivalent to 94,290 Gkcal of heating value and about 9 billion won of paraffin oil. The biomass growing rate (every 10year) increased from 4.95% in 1985 to 5.30% in 1995 but turn down 4.46% in 2005. The factors that the forest stock could be converted to the forest biomass have developed according to forest type. Therefore, it is impossible to estimate the exact biomass by tree species. In this reason, the demands of the development of the factors by tree species was raised. In addition, it is on time to develop an equation for estimation of biomass by species using dbh and height as independent factors.