• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.543-545
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• 2019

4차산업혁명 시대가 도래함에 따라서 기존의 단순 지식 습득 위주의 교육에서 코딩을 통한 창의적 사고와 문제 해결능력을 키워주는 교육이 주목받기 시작하였다. 이러한 시대에 흐름에 발맞추어 교육부는 2019년부터 모든 초중고등학교에서 소프트웨어 교육을 정규 교육과정에 포함 시킨다고 밝혔다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이미 수년 전부터 소프트웨어 중점 교육을 실시하고 있던 해외의 사례를 토대로 피지컬 컴퓨팅(Physical Computing) 기반의 소프트웨어 교육을 위한 초음파센서 블록을 개발하였다. 초음파센서블록은 학생들에게 익숙한 레고 안에 초음파센서와 아두이노를 내장하여 블록코딩을 활용한 콘텐츠 설계가 가능하다. 초음파센서블록을 입력장치로 사용하여 사전 연구를 통해 개발된 스위치, LED, 스피커 블록 등과 연동하여 학생들은 상상한 작품들을 블록코딩을 통해 실제로 구현해 볼 수 있다. 이 과정을 통해 학생들은 재미와 성취감을 느끼고 자발적인 학습 참여가 이루어질 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.547-554
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• 2019

With the curriculum revision in 2015, informatics for secondary high schools was designated as mandatory. As a result, there is an increasing interest in programming in elementary and junior high schools as well as in universities. Arduino is one of the famous tools for programming education, and the usefulness of it has been proven through various case studies. However, existing Arduino-based kits have hardware-dependent drawbacks such as complicated wiring, poor scalability, etc. To overcome these problems, we proposed a kit design, which has a module-based structure, can be extended through one common interface, and can be used for learning at various levels. In this paper, we describe the implementation details of FRUTO kit and a software to use it, which satisfies the proposed design criteria. FRUTO kit has been determined in its current form through several design changes, and is under pre-test before launching.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.327-344
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• 2011

This study is the first step for us toward improving high school students' capability of statistical inferences, such as obtaining and interpreting the confidence interval on the population mean that is currently learned in high school. We suggest 5 underlying concepts of 'discretion of contingency and inevitability', 'discretion of induction and deduction', 'likelihood principle', 'variability of a statistic' and 'statistical model', those are necessary to appreciate statistical inferences as a reliable arguing tools in spite of its occasional erroneous conclusions. We assume those 5 concepts above are to be gradually developing in their school periods and Korean mathematics textbooks of grades 1-12 were analyzed. Followings were found. For the right choice of solving methodology of the given problem, no elementary textbook but a few high school textbooks describe its difference between the contingent circumstance and the inevitable one. Formal definitions of population and sample are not introduced until high school grades, so that the developments of critical thoughts on the reliability of inductive reasoning could not be observed. On the contrary of it, strong emphasis lies on the calculation stuff of the sample data without any inference on the population prospective based upon the sample. Instead of the representative properties of a random sample, more emphasis lies on how to get a random sample. As a result of it, the fact that 'the random variability of the value of a statistic which is calculated from the sample ought to be inherited from the randomness of the sample' could neither be noticed nor be explained as well. No comparative descriptions on the statistical inferences against the mathematical(deductive) reasoning were found. Few explanations on the likelihood principle and its probabilistic applications in accordance with students' cognitive developmental growth were found. It was hard to find the explanation of a random variability of statistics and on the existence of its sampling distribution. It is worthwhile to explain it because, nevertheless obtaining the sampling distribution of a particular statistic, like a sample mean, is a very difficult job, mere noticing its existence may cause a drastic change of understanding in a statistical inference.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.623-630
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• 2007

The assessment affects the learning motivation of students. If we know what factors in assessment affect motivation, we could find the method for stimulating the motivation. In this study, we used two kinds of method, the recollection paper and the questionnaire. 54 undergraduates of a university in Seoul made the recollection paper about the science learning before, and 63 undergraduates also answered the question for the effect of factors in assessment on the science learning motivation. In result, the factors in assessment that affect the science learning motivation of high achieving students are the achievement, difficulty, validity, and preparation for science fair. This study suggests that difficulty and validity of assessments remarkably affects the science motivation and the science fair is more affective to the science motivation than regular examination in school. Therefore we suggest two methods for the science motivation of high achieving students. The first method is to make questions that can assess scientific thinking faculty and investigating faculty without pre-learning and memorizing. The second method is to encourage various activities in science to increase the number of chance for participating in them.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1155-1161
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• 2000

본 연구는 환경친화적 음식문화를 개발하고 보급하기 위한 프로그램을 개발하는데 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고, 음식물 쓰레기 감소를 통한 환경정책과 프로그램을 개발하는데 필요한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 이루어졌다. 울산광역시에 거주하고 있는 주부와 조리사를 대상으로 하여 식단작성부터 식품구매, 조리 음식먹기 및 남은 음식물 처분에 이르기까지 음식소비의 전과정에서 음식물쓰레기를 감소시키기 위한 구체적 실천 전략인 환경 친화적 음식소비행동을 비교해 보았다. 이는 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 환경친화적 식품소비행동을 총체적으로 보면 조리사는 주부에 비하여 더 환경친화적으로 식품을 소비하고 있었다. 조리사는 먹는 사람의 의견을 고려하고, 제철 식품위주로 식단을 작성하고, 계획적으로 식품을 구매하고, 사온 식품을 바로 손질하고, 저울과 계량컵을 사용하여 정확한 양의 음식을 만들고, 가족 행상 음식을 뷔폐식으로 준비하고, 남은 음식을 필요한 사람에게 즉 시 준다는 면에서는 더 환경친화적이라고 할 수 있다. 그러나 세부문항별로 볼 때 주부는 식품포장 단위가 큰 경우 이웃과 공동구매하고, 남은 음식은 1회 정도 먹을 분량씩 포장하면 냉동보관하고, 음식재료가 싸더라도 많이 사지 않는다는 면에서 조리사에 비하여 더 환경친화적이라고 할 수 있다. 먹는 사람의 수 보다 넉넉하게 식품 구입, 가능한 적은 포장단위로 구입, 채소를 다듬을 때 버리는 양이 많음, 각종 행상 음식을 먹고 남을 정도로 넉넉하게 준비, 야채 자투리, 배추 우거지, 파뿌리, 멸치머리, 북어머리, 닭뼈 등은 국물을 만드는데 이용, 국이나 찌개를 함께 준비, 국이나 찌재의 국물의 양은 넉넉하게 주문, 여러 가지의 반찬 준비, 덜어 먹는 상차림 준비, 외식할 때 남을 정도로 넉넉하게 주문, 외식할 때 남은 음식 싸옴, 냉장고에 보관하다 버리는 음식 및 재료가 많음, 음식은 부족하지않고 남을 정도 준비등은 조리사와 주부간에 의미 있는 차이가 보이지 않았다. 환경친화적 음식소비행동은 성별, 결혼여부 및 교육수준에 따라서는 의미 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 남자와 미혼 은 모두 조리사이므로 주부를 제외한 조리사만을 선택하여 성별과 결혼여부에 따라 환경친화적 음식소비 행동의 차이를 알아보기 위한 결과 역시 차이를 보이지 않았다. 환경친화적 음식소비행동은 연령, 월평균소득 및 엥겔계수와 의미 있는 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 조리사와 주부는 음식을 소비하는 전 과정에서 가장 많이 관여하고 있는 집단이다. 그런데 조리사와주부 모두 전반적으로 환경친화적 음식소비행동의 수준이 높지 않음으로 합리적인 식생활문화를 생활화 할 수 있도록 교육과 홍보가 필요하다고 본다. 주부의 경우 유치원이나 어린이집, 초중고둥학교에서 하는 부모교육과 반상회의 홍보자료에 반상회의 홍보자료에 반드시환경친화적 음식소비행동에 관한 교육이 포함되어야 한다. 조리사의 경우 정기교육과정에 환경친화적 음식소비행동에 관한 홍보를 함께 함으로써 외식이나 단체급식에서 발행하는 음식물 쓰레기의 양을 줄 일 수 있을 것이다.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.435-459
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• 2011

The present study explored Korean parents' perceptions of and behavior toward game use among teenagers in Korea. A total of 600 Korean mothers of teenagers residing in Seoul and five other metropolitan areas participated in the survey. The survey was constructed based on five categories of variables, including the overall perception of games and game use, specific attitudes toward game use, cognitions about and attitudes toward game addiction, factors predicting parental monitoring of children's game use, and views and opinions about what needs to be done to promote healthy game cultures as well as to prevent problematic game use among teenagers in Korea. Results indicate that the respondents' overall perceptions of and attitudes toward games and game use are negative. In contrast, attitudes toward game use of the respondent's own child are contingent upon various comparison standards. Results also indicate that the respondents tend to overestimate the possibility that their own child is addicted to games, and their perceptions of game addiction are based on a narrow range of behavioral symptoms. Additional analyses indicate that parental monitoring of teenagers' game use can be predicted by the theoretical model driven from Ajzen(1991)'s theory of planned behavior. Finally, results also indicate that, in order to deal with the problems associated with teenagers' game use, proactive approaches to promote healthy game cultures as well as various initiatives to prevent problematic game use are necessary. Implications of the findings and future direction were discussed.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.39
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• pp.549-580
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• 2019

There are many festivals in the region that mainly use traditional performing arts. Traditional performing arts has a story that incorporates the history of the area, and it is easy to build a brand that can be distinguished from other areas through traditional performing arts, so it has conditions that are easy to grow in the local festival it can. In this paper, I researched the relationship between the significance and regionality of regional performing arts, referring to the case where traditional performing arts, which is a joint cultural heritage of East Asia, are transmitted as a festival. The performance art with strong locality has grown into a local festival, and the Kanto Festival (竿燈) held in Akita prefecture in northeastern Japan was selected as a representative example of that area. Along with the Aomori Nebuta Festival and the Sendai Tanabata Festival, the Kanto Festival is called the 3 major festivals in the northeastern part of Japan. It was designated as an important intangible folk cultural property in 1980 and became more famous. It visited Seoul several times after the 2005 Japan-Korea Exchange Festival event. It is widely known as a regional festival that represents Japan. The Kanto Festival, which was a participatory event on a village basis, has faced problems such as the migration and aging of young people since the 1970s. In order to solve this, they led the participation of schools, educational institutions, and various groups beyond the village unit and persuaded the participation to the local companies. They have been steadily promoting free lectures on technical skills and school visit events that induce children's interest. As a result, the number of moths mobilized in the current festival has reached 250, and the Kanto tournament also shows great popularity every year.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.279-289
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to apply the training program for teachers to strengthen the competence of artificial intelligence education in primary and secondary school teachers and to analyze its effectiveness and analyze teachers' demands for artificial intelligence education to provide basic research data. The referenced training program was designed based on the ADDIE model by selecting the educational contents based on the five core elements of AI, and teachers from the G Metropolitan Office of Education and the AI Education Research Association collaborated to develop the program. The effectiveness of the developed program and questionnaire of teacher needs analysis for AI teaching were examined for content validity. As a result of the training conducted by applying the developed program, satisfaction with each curriculum of the training and the possibility of application to the field were highly evaluated. It was found that teachers consider the need of teaching unplugged activities for AI education and basic AI experiences in elementary school level, and AI education contents including block programming languages and physical computing activities are needed to teach in middle school level.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.313-328
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• 2012

This study was conducted for the purpose of making the better utilization of MBL in class, based on 2009 curriculum which emphasizes research activities and recommends the direct use of the MBL. We investigated primary, secondary and pre-service teachers' satisfaction and perception level after conducting training about making good use of MBL. The satisfaction level of the training turned out to be high, level of applicability of MBL, expected improvement in learning skills of students and the will to apply it in class was high. The answer that they expect MBL to increase students' curiosity and interest in science was the highest among the survey results, which means that MBL could be used as a solution to lack of students' interest in science. Besides, primary teachers than secondary and pre-teachers, long careered teachers than short careered teachers and MBL-experienced teachers than inexperienced teachers showed more satisfaction and the will to adapt MBL overall. Primary and pre-teachers hoped MBL training to be more related to STEAM education, whereas secondary teachers wanted the training to have more to do with increasing creativity If advanced MBL training program is opened. The price was chosen as the best obstacle to MBL class' application, and the lack of manual for experiment and education to teacher was also pointed out secondly. In conclusion, if MBL is fully equipped in school and training on how to take advantage of it is provided continually, It is expected that MBL could increase the utilization in the field of science education. The results of this paper can be used when you configure the MBL utilization training program.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.380-395
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• 2002

Since the mid 1990s, in response to rapid changes in Geography subject. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has been in central position in the UK geography curriculum. This paper discusses the roles of GIS for Geography subject curriculum and addresses main development within UK Geography curriculum since the 1990s, and investigates appropriate GIS curriculum that encourages teaching and learning of geography subject within the curriculum. To obtain these research purposes. this paper starts with the brief description of the Geography subject in the National Curriculum for England (1998) with the recent changes of Geography subject in the national exams (GSCE and A level) in the UK. This result represents a clear situation of Geography subject in the UK school education and also provides a new motivation that brings new challenges of information technology driven curriculum within the Geography subject. In turn, the interactive relationship of Geography and GIS within the current Geography curriculum is described by which the discussion of relevant GIS skills within Geography curriculum is followed. To propose the case studies that show the use of GIS for Geography education at school, Key Stages 2, 3, and 4 examples are discussed. Finally, this paper concludes with the issues that GIS benefits encourage geography teaching and learning and that potential applications can support not only the development of new teaching tools and learning strategies in geography education at schools, but also contribute to extend geographical skills and capabilities to collaborate with other subjects in school education in Korea.