• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.89-124
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• 2018

Although design industry belongs to one of the creative industries and contributes significantly to urban cultural economy based on its cluster formation, researches on design industry are rarely made explicit from the perspective of creative industry cluster. After reviewing the life cycle of design industry clusters in Euljiro and Hongdae Area in Seoul, this study compares these two clusters with respect of diverse dimensions of creative industry cluster such as agglomeration economy, spin-off activities and institutional environments. Research methodology includes the analysis of ?Seoul Business Statistics? and the in-depth interviews with 14 professional designers. The result shows that design industry cluster in Euljiro is close to the traditional industry cluster mainly dependent on printing industry with very limited impact on urban economy, while Hongdae Area develops creative industry cluster by virtue of university spin-offs, art markets, hybrid cultural consumption spaces and the active participation of designers contributing to urban economy in diverse ways. This comparative analysis highlights the importance of various environmental components to encourage creative activities in developing the creative industry cluster.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.551-566
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• 2013

This study aims to evaluate the industrial cluster policy implemented in Korea during the last decade or so, examine whether it can still be a valid policy measure in the creative economy regime, and propose policy directions for the future. It is evaluated that the cluster policy has contributed to increasing productivity by improving networks between companies, universities and research centers and thus strengthening innovation infrastructure. The policy, however, by its characteristics of government-domination, failed to develop open-ended and flexible spontaneous clusters. Industrial clusters have the capability to contribute to the virtuous circle of creative economy by enhancing creativity and innovativeness, and subsequently by increasing value-added. In order to maximize these positive effects, a few suggestions are made, including being faithful to the very nature of clusters, e.g. geographical proximity and connectedness, intending clusters with creativity well maintained, orienting toward multi-scalar clusters with a mixture of local and global perspectives, and matching regional and industrial policies with regards to clusters.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.195-218
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• 2014

Recently, due to the global economic crisis and prolongation of slow growth period, many countries have proposed creative economy as an important policy for economic growth. Korea has also progressed important policies such as development of creative industries, start-up activation and employment creation through creative economy as a key policy. However, each country has a different definition of creative economy and detailed field to promote, and there is a lack of research on creative economy of industrial complexes and activation plans of creative industries. This study derived the priority order and importance of development plans to develop into creative clusters through AHP analysis base on Gumi National Industrial Complex that have had a significant role in the national economy since the 1970s. As a result, the creativity enhancing factor was the highest priority, followed by creative infrastructure and network. These results mean that it is necessary to promote creativity in order national industrial complexes to continuously lead national economy and for this purpose it needs to prioritize the development of creative human resources and to extend the creative R&D. This study can be provided to government and local policy makers and innovation agencies as basis data and practical policy guide to establish a successful creative cluster by deriving the priority order in reflection of both hardware and software policies such as infrastructure to develop national industrial complex into creative cluster.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.36
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• pp.593-617
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• 2014

This article is aimed at evaluating the comic industries cluster in the cartoonists' perspective in terms of benefits, innovation milieu and loyalty. This article surveyed the 105 cartoonists in the Bucheon comic industries cluster, which has been established since 1998. As a result of analysis, cartoonists evaluated the comic industries cluster in term of facilities, knowledge and information, and social relationship in the positive way. However, the business network with the comic companies, the other contents industries is not established. The communication and collaboration between the cartoonists and local communities is not active in the Bucheon comic industries cluster. In addition, while comic industries cluster is effective in terms of city branding, the comic industries cluster is not effective in terms of economic impacts. In general, cartoonists' loyalty to the comic industries cluster is highly evaluated. The five factors such as knowledge, policy, urban regeneration, facilities are very significant in terms of the cartoonists' loyalty. This article concludes with a discussion of the sustainable strategies of the comic industries cluster in the context of creative city through comic resources.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-24
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• 2014

The new Korean government sets its main policy direction as Creative Economy. The Creative Economy can be defined as a growth strategy that establishes new companies, enhances the competitiveness of established companies and creates new markets, industries and jobs in consequence of combining of creative imagination, science and technology and ICT. In this context, the concept of innovation cluster, which aims to foster technological innovations from an organic ecosystem perspective, can be a valid policy instrument for attaining Creative Economy. Innovation cluster can and must make a contribution to achieving the Creative Economy of Korea. In particular, the ICT Convergence Innovation Cluster will be a good strategy for this purpose. Based on this conceptual background, this paper analyzes a recently notable case of an ICT Convergence Cluster in Korea, Pangyo Technovalley (PTV). We argue that the Pangyo Technovalley is a representative cluster of converging ICT and science and technology. We identify the major factors for successful development of ICT cluster: regional government's flexible response to environmental change, careful pre-planning and balance between private and public involvement. In addition, we also found that additional factors, settlement condition for securing good workforce, agglomeration of various innovation actors for promoting convergence, and cluster network revitalization are also important for implementing the creative ICT convergence cluster.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.375-389
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• 2012

Many policy makers believe that geographically clustered business activities, in order to stimulate regional innovation, are the keys to development. Underlying the assumption between cluster and development, mere co-located forms engaged in innovative process helped from knowledge transmission locally. To address the constraints of creative economy, creative milieu require networking to support innovation activities. This paper examines the development of the mini cluster reconsidered in creative milieu that shifted environment development through network activities. It shows that the powerful node get more powerful, weak node get weaker in institutional network. Moreover, the significant of cluster in creative milieu is that brings out synergy to spill over knowledge through inter-relationship based on face-to-face meeting. Creative milieu benefits from and contributes to the competitiveness of the city, they are also embedded in its network activities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.06a
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• pp.183-185
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper aims at contributing to the national economic development through global competitiveness enhancement by marine finance's hub and marine logistics cluster by finance specialization and finance support as a creative-type service industry in global shipping port logistics. This study adopted the integrated approach and applied it to policy implementation to achieve the effectiveness. Creative-type marine finance development stages as a tool of policy implementation and the guide line for the time of policy implementation are followed by Stage 1(Construction & Growth Policy) for 2013~2016, Stage 2(Forstering & Activation Policy) for 2017~2019) and Stage 3(Continuous Development Policy) after 2020 until its completion. Korea has the inferiority over the competitiveness in global marine finance and needs a strategic approach to secure the liquidity of marine finance; interim, Islamic finance has been come to the force as a new alternative in financial transaction being accompanied by a spot transaction since the crisis of global finance. In order to create a potential slack of Korea in marine finance practice, in addition, this study suggests a consortium with the circle of Islamic finance as a clue of an easier policy implementation at the beginning stage.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.12a
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• pp.489-505
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• 2003

본 연구는 정보통신 산업 클러스터의 사례분석을 통해 제조업과 비교.분석하여 정책적 방향을 제안하고자 한다. 국내외 정보통신 산업 클러스터의 사례로 미국의 실리콘밸리, 일본의 테크노폴리스, 중국의 중관촌, 스웨덴의 시스 타와 국내의 대덕 밸리를 중심으로 특성을 도출하고자 한다. 산업 클러스터는 마이클 포터의 연구를 시작으로 하여 OECD 에서 국가혁신체제의 주요 주제로 제안하면서 국가 경쟁력의 핵심으로 등장하게 된다. 정보통신의 발달은 지역에 기반한 글로벌 경쟁력을 가진 산업 클러스터에 대한 체계적인 연구와 이에 대한 정책개발의 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 정보통신 산업 제품의 특성상 기술혁신 속도가 빠르고 제품의 라이플 사이클이 제조업 제품에 비해 짧은 특징을 지니고 있어, 투자에 대한 위험 (risk)이 발생한다. 또한 지식창조산업으로서 생산위주의 제조업과는 다른 지리적, 공간적 특성에 차이가 있으며, 고급 인력기술자의 활용도가 높아 안정적인 환경이 요구된다. 따라서 통신, 교통 등의 물리적인 기반시설뿐만 아니라 정보통신 관련 업체간 연계와 독특한 사회.문화적인 분위기 등이 어울려져 있음을 살펴볼 수 있다. 이러한 정보통신 산업 클러스터의 특성을 통해 본 연구는 경제의 신 성장동력 중에 하나인 정보 통신산업의 경쟁력을 높이고 세계적 수출산업으로 육성, 정보통신 중심지로서의 역할 수행 및 동북아 경제 중심 실현을 위해 정책적인 제안을 한다.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.660-674
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• 2014

This paper analyzes the social cohesion effects of creative industrial as a core role player of emerging new economic paradigm of the creative economy using the case of Seoul Metropolitan Area(SMA) that is a typical cluster of creative industries in Korea. This study reclassified the creative industries in a Korean context into 13 industries in 6 sectors. Based on this reclassification, the study found out that the spatial pattern of creative industries in SMA is spatially much differentiated in terms of specialization, which demands more differentiated cluster strategy with different policy mix. This paper also investigates the social cohesion effects of creative industries using structural equation modelling. It turns out that the growth of creative industries is likely to contribute to the regional development capacity and also to provide positive effects on various aspects of the social cohesion.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.71-85
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• 2011

Many of the old industrial cities in advanced economies have experienced deindustrialization since the 1960s. While some of them have been transforming their economic structures with new economies, such as arts and cultural industries, others have been seriously suffering from economic and social problems. Brooklyn Borough of New York City is one of the best examples which have gone trough rapid de-industrialization; but have been reasonably successful in recovering its economy with arts and cultural industries. This paper introduces the process of developing creative industry clusters, articulates major actors, and find out the governance of the clusters, using three Brooklyn's arts clusters, such as DUMBO, BAM and Williamsburg. Based on the case studies, the paper draws theoretical and policy implications applicable to the Korean circumstance.